英語語法：解析初中英語過去完成時(shí)

1、真誠為您提供優(yōu)質(zhì)參考資料，若有不當(dāng)之處，請指正。最牛英語口語培訓(xùn)模式：躺在家里練口語，全程外教一對一，三個(gè)月暢談無阻！ 洛基英語，免費(fèi)體驗(yàn)全部在線一對一課程： 英語語法：解析初中英語過去完成時(shí)語法學(xué)習(xí)確實(shí)是有點(diǎn)枯燥，但是還是要必須掌握的哦。今天將向大家解析初中英語過去完成時(shí)態(tài)，很精辟哦。一、過去完成時(shí)的概念與結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn)概念：過去完成時(shí)表示在過去某一時(shí)間或動(dòng)作之前已經(jīng)發(fā)生或完成了的動(dòng)作，即"過去的過去（ past-in-the-past ）"。-|- |-|->那時(shí)以前 那時(shí) 現(xiàn)在構(gòu)成：過去完成時(shí)由"助動(dòng)詞 had + 過去分詞"構(gòu)成，其中 had 通

2、用于各種人稱。They had already had breakfast before they arrived at the hotel.She had finished writing the composition by 10 ：00 this morning.二、過去完成時(shí)的判斷依據(jù)1. 由時(shí)間狀語來判定一般說來，各種時(shí)態(tài)都有特定的時(shí)間狀語。與過去完成時(shí)連用的時(shí)間狀語有：（ 1 ） by + 過去的時(shí)間點(diǎn)。如： I had finished reading the novel by nine o'clock last night. （ 2 ） by the end of +

3、過去的時(shí)間點(diǎn)。如： We had learned over two thousand English words by the end of last term.（ 3 ） before + 過去的時(shí)間點(diǎn)。如： They had planted six hundred trees before last Wednesday.2. 由"過去的過去"來判定。過去完成時(shí)表示"過去的過去"，是指過去某一動(dòng)作之前已經(jīng)發(fā)生或完成的動(dòng)作，即動(dòng)作有先后關(guān)系，動(dòng)作在前的用過去完成時(shí)，在后的用一般過去時(shí)。這種用法常出現(xiàn)在：（ 1 ）賓語從句中當(dāng)賓語從句的主句為一般過去時(shí)，且

4、從句的動(dòng)作先于主句的動(dòng)作時(shí)，從句要用過去完成時(shí)。在told, said, knew, heard, thought等動(dòng)詞后的賓語從句。如：She said that she had seen the film before. （ 2 ）狀語從句中 在時(shí)間、條件、原因、方式等狀語從句中，主、從句的動(dòng)作發(fā)生有先后關(guān)系，動(dòng)作在前的，要用過去完成時(shí)，動(dòng)作在后的要用一般過去時(shí)。如：When I got to the station, the train had already left.After he had finished his homework, he went to bed.注意： befo

5、re, after 引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句中，由于 before 和 after 本身已表達(dá)了動(dòng)作的先后關(guān)系，若主、從句表示的動(dòng)作緊密相連，則主、從句都用一般過去時(shí)。如：Where did you study before you came here?After he closed the door, he left the classroom.（ 3 ）表示意向的動(dòng)詞，如hope, wish, expect, think, intend, mean, suppose等，用過去完成時(shí)表示"原本，未能"We had hoped that you would come, but y

6、ou didn't.3. 根據(jù)上、下文來判定。I met Wang Tao in the street yesterday. We hadn't seen each other since he went to Beijing.三、過去完成時(shí)的主要用法1. 過去完成時(shí)表示一個(gè)動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)在過去某一時(shí)間或動(dòng)作之前已經(jīng)完成或結(jié)束，即發(fā)生在"過去的過去"。如：When I woke up, it had stopped raining.我醒來時(shí)，雨已經(jīng)停了。（主句的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在"過去的過去"）2. 過去完成時(shí)是一個(gè)相對的時(shí)態(tài)，表示的是"過

7、去的過去"，只有和過去某一時(shí)間或某一動(dòng)作相比較時(shí)才使用它。如：He told me that he had written a new book. (had written 發(fā)生在 told 之前 )3. 過去完成時(shí)需要與一個(gè)表示過去的時(shí)間狀語連用，它不能離開過去時(shí)間而獨(dú)立存在。此時(shí)多與 already ， yet ， still ， just ， before ， never 等時(shí)間副詞及 by ， before ， until 等引導(dǎo)的短語或從句連用。如：Before she came to China, Grace had taught English in a middle school for about five years.Peter had collected more than 300 Chinese stamps by the time he was ten.4. 過去完成時(shí)表示某一動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)在過去某時(shí)之前已經(jīng)開始，一直延續(xù)到這一過去時(shí)間，而且動(dòng)作尚未結(jié)束，仍然有繼續(xù)下去的可能。如： By the end of last year, he had worked in the factory for twenty years. （ had worked 已有了 20 年，還有繼續(xù)進(jìn)行下去的可能）語法學(xué)習(xí)的