北師大版高中英語(yǔ)必修一第9講：Unit3Celebration-語(yǔ)法篇(教師版)

1、Unit 3 Celebration 語(yǔ)法篇1 、掌握一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)|，一般過(guò)去時(shí)|，一般將來(lái)時(shí)|，過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)|，現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)|，過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)|，現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)|，過(guò)去完成時(shí)及其被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的用法|。2 、掌握情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 must|， have to|， can|，could 及 ought to 的用法|。一，被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)1. 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的概念：當(dāng)句子的主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的承受者時(shí)|，謂語(yǔ)的形式叫做被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)|。2. 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的構(gòu)成：助動(dòng)詞 be （或get） +過(guò)去分詞|,助動(dòng)詞be （或get）有時(shí)態(tài)|,人稱和數(shù)的變 化 |。3. 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的形式：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：am/is/are done一般過(guò)去時(shí)：was/were do

2、ne一般將來(lái)時(shí)：will/shall be done過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)：would be done現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)：am/is/are beingdone過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)：was/were beingdone現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)：has/have been done過(guò)去完成時(shí)：had been done經(jīng)典例句： Fast food is served here. 這兒賣快餐|。The new film will be shown next week.這部新電影將會(huì)在下周放映|。 The concert has been put off till next week. 音樂(lè)會(huì)已經(jīng)被推遲到下周了|。4 .何種情況下使用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)

3、態(tài)：當(dāng)不知道或沒(méi)有必要說(shuō)出動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者|,或者動(dòng)作本身更為重要時(shí)|,動(dòng)詞使用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)|。例：Too much books have been written about the Second World War.關(guān)于第二次世界大戰(zhàn)的書(shū)太多了|。5 .主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)意義：系動(dòng)詞100k|, sound|, feel|, smell|, taste等+形容詞構(gòu)成系表結(jié)構(gòu)：Steel feels cold.鋼摸起來(lái)很涼|。表示主語(yǔ)的某種屬性特征的動(dòng)詞|,如 read|, write|, wash|, sell|, wear|, cook|, lock|,shut|, open|, dry|, dri

4、nk等|,這類動(dòng)詞一般不單獨(dú)使用|,常有副詞修飾：The cloth washes well.這種布料好洗 |。表示開(kāi)始 |,結(jié)束 |,運(yùn)動(dòng)的動(dòng)詞 |,如：begin|, start|, end|, finish|, close|, stop|, move|, run 等：Work begins at 7 o clock in the morflng. 7 點(diǎn)開(kāi)始工作 |。二，情態(tài)動(dòng)詞1. have to/don t haVefio /不必have to表示“不得不”|,指在客觀條件下不得不去做某事；否定式 don have to表示“沒(méi)必要|,不必” |,有時(shí)態(tài)和人稱的變化|。易混辨析：mu

5、st:表示“必須|,應(yīng)該 |,語(yǔ)氣強(qiáng)烈|?；卮饚в?must的問(wèn)句時(shí)|,否定回答常用 needn 或don t have to|表示不必”|,而mustn 的 含義是“禁止|,不準(zhǔn)” |。表示有把握的推測(cè)|,意為“一定|,準(zhǔn)是” |,常用于肯定句|。譯為“偏要一|,非要不可” |,常表達(dá)說(shuō)話人抱怨的口氣|。例：He had to work hard to support the family. 他不得不努力工作來(lái)養(yǎng)家|。（客觀需要）You don t have to go to school at onc你不必馬上去上學(xué) |。You must be hungry after a long wa

6、lk.走了很長(zhǎng)一段路 |,你一定餓了 |。（肯定推測(cè)）第2頁(yè)/共11頁(yè)2. can/ can 能 /不能can|， could （can 的過(guò)去式）的用法：can:表能力（現(xiàn)在）表客觀或理論上的可能性表請(qǐng)求和允許表推測(cè)|，常用于否定句和疑問(wèn)句|， can 比 could 語(yǔ)氣強(qiáng)cannottoo/enouglfB論也不過(guò)分|,越 越好 cannot but do 不得不（ =have to do）could:表能力（過(guò)去）表推測(cè)|，常用于否定句和疑問(wèn)句|，比can 語(yǔ)氣弱表請(qǐng)求和允許|。用在疑問(wèn)句時(shí)比 can語(yǔ)氣委婉|,不表過(guò)去|。例：An experienced teacher can al

7、so make mistakes. 一個(gè)有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的老師也可能犯錯(cuò)誤|。（客觀可能性）He can t be our manager. He has gone to Beijin也不可能是我的經(jīng)理|。他去北京了 |。（否定推測(cè)）3. ought to/ ought not to 應(yīng)該 /不應(yīng)該表示說(shuō)話者認(rèn)為“應(yīng)該做/不應(yīng)該做”；也表示說(shuō)話者根據(jù)一定的依據(jù)進(jìn)行推測(cè)|，譯為“按道理說(shuō)應(yīng)該/不應(yīng)該”|。其后跟動(dòng)詞原形|，疑問(wèn)式是把ought 提到主語(yǔ)前|。ought to 作為情態(tài)動(dòng)詞|，經(jīng)?？疾榕c其不定式的完成時(shí)搭配的用法|，即：ought to have done =should have done

8、|， 表示 “本應(yīng)該做了某事而實(shí)際沒(méi)有” |， oughtn t to have done = shouldn t， have done|表示“本不應(yīng)該做某事而實(shí)際做了” |。Needn表示某一動(dòng)作不必要做|,而ought not to表示某一動(dòng)作是錯(cuò)誤的|,與shouldn 類似|,但語(yǔ)氣更強(qiáng) |。例：He ought to be more careful next time.下次他應(yīng)該更小心才是|。 She ought not to let out the secret.她不該泄露這個(gè)秘密 |。You needn t go for him; he has come here沒(méi)必要去找他；他

9、已經(jīng)來(lái)了|。例 1. The letters for the boss on his desk but he didn t read them until three days later.第3頁(yè)/共 11頁(yè)A. were putB. was putC. putD. has put解析：句意：給老板的信放在他桌子上了|，但他三天后才讀|。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境及but 分句的時(shí)態(tài)可知前半句也應(yīng)該用過(guò)去時(shí)|，故排除 D 項(xiàng)；又因?yàn)?letters 同 put 之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系|，故排除C 項(xiàng)；根據(jù)主語(yǔ)letters 為可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)可知 B 項(xiàng)不正確|，即可推斷出正確答案|。答案： A| 。例 2. Shakes

10、peare s play Hamlet into at least ten different films over the past years.A. had been madeB. was madeC. has been madeD. would be made解析：句意：在過(guò)去的數(shù)年|，莎士比亞的戲劇哈姆雷特被制成不下十部不同的電影|。 over the pastyears意為“在過(guò)去的數(shù)年”|,通常情況下題干中出現(xiàn)overthe past years|,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài) |，即可推斷出正確答案|。答案： C|。例 3. You buy a gift| ， but you can

11、if you want to do.A. mustB. mustn tC. have toD. don t have to解析：句意：你不必買(mǎi)禮物了|，但是如果你想買(mǎi)的話也可以買(mǎi)|。 don t have to 意為“不必”|，即可推斷出正確答案|。答案： D| 。例 4. （ 2019 北京通州高三一模） Fred had to have his car repaired in a garage because it seriously.第4頁(yè)/共 11頁(yè)A. damagedB. had been damagedC. was being damagedD. had damaged解析： 句意

12、： 因?yàn)閾p壞的太嚴(yán)重|， Fred 不得不把他的車放到修理廠修理|。 根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知|， 動(dòng)作damage應(yīng)發(fā)生在repaired之前|,即過(guò)去的過(guò)去|,故用過(guò)去完成時(shí)|。且damage與car是被動(dòng)關(guān)系|,應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)|，即可推斷出正確答案|。答案： B|。例 5. ( 2019 北京豐臺(tái)高三第一學(xué)期期末) Jugging from his accent| ， he be from Australia.A. needn tB. mustn tC. can tD. wouldn t解析：句意：從他的口音判斷|，他不可能是從澳大利亞來(lái)的|。在否定句中|，用can t 表示否定的推測(cè)|，即可推斷出正

13、確答案|。答案： C|?；A(chǔ)演練一 |，根據(jù)句意|，在空白處填入恰當(dāng)?shù)脑~或用括號(hào)內(nèi)的詞的正確形式填空|。1. A Midsummer Night s Dream (open) at the Theatre Royal onth1J9une|，and then toursthroughout Scotland.2. Hi| ， Smith| ， can I borrow the meeting room upstairs this afternoon? Sorry. It (paint).3. Some researchers believe that there is no doubt tha

14、t a cure for AIDS (find).4. If nothing (do)| ， the oceans will turn into fish deserts.5. When I was a child| ， I watch TV whenever I wanted to.6. Harry is feeling uncomfortable. He (drink) too much at the party last night.7. Why are your eyes so red? You have slept well last night. Yeah|， I stayed u

15、p late writing a report.8. we go to the McDonald? I m sick of the food there.9. Holiday shopping be a tiring experience. There are so many places to visit and choices tomake.10. Must I take a bus? No|， you . You can take a walk here.Keys：1.opens2.is being painted3.will be found4.is done5.could6.must

16、 have drunk7.can t8.Must9.can10. don t have to/needn t鞏固提高單項(xiàng)選擇|。1. Since nobody gave him any help| ， he have done the research on his own.A. canB. mustC. wouldD. need2. He sleep|， although he tried to| ， when he got on such a hunt for an idea until he had caught it.A. wouldn tB. shouldn tC. couldn t

17、D. mustn t3. Why it get colder when we climb up a mountain? We are getting nearer to the sun!A. ought toB. wouldC. shouldD. must4. If he had starred at nine o clock| ，he have been in London by eleven o clock.A. MustB. mayC. ought toD. has to第9頁(yè)/共 11頁(yè)5. You must be very excited about going to London

18、for further study. |， but I am afraid I won t do well because my English is poor.A. I m sorryC. I don t know yetKeys：B. Certainly notD. Well| ， I ought to be1-5 BCCCD單項(xiàng)選擇 |。1. The thief was reported more than $50| ， 000 from the millionaire.A. to stealB. to be stealing C. to have stolen D. to be sto

19、len2. What will you do next Sunday? Maybe do some shopping| ， for I go to school on Sunday.A. mustn t B. shouldn tC. don t have to D. had better not3. If youyourself to the job in hand| ， you ll soon finish it.A. requestB. appeal4. Mary a professor for half a year.A. has marriedB. married withC. app

20、lyD. claimC. marriedD. has been married to5. Jenny is always absent from school| ， _ I suppose is why she is criticized now and then.A. whichB. whoC. thatD. whatB. Well| ， it depends.D. I m afraid not.s going to the plan?6. Excuse me |， is the shop open around the clock? . Only from 8:00am.to 4:00 p

21、m.A. I m not sure.C. That s right.7. It s a good idea. But who I think Tom and Grey will.C. take inD. get throughA. set aside8. carry out第9頁(yè)/共11頁(yè)8. Helen|， will you be at the party tonight? I m sorr，y| but I have so much homework to do that I really .A. won tB.can tC. mustntD. shouldn t9. Some pre-s

22、choolchildren go to a day care centre| ，_ they learn simple games and songs.A. thenB.thereC. whichD. where10. in a white uniform| ， he looks more like a cook than a doctor.A. DressedB.To dressC. DressingD. Having dressed11. Her way of smiling left a good impression on me.A. successful B. particularC

23、. usualD. peaceful12. No decision _ about any future appointment（ 任命 ） until all the candidates （候選人） have been interviewed.A. will be made B. is madeC. is beingD. has been made13. （ 2019 北京 101 中學(xué)高三測(cè)試） I will join the school singing club as long as I find spare time.A. willB. mightC. shouldD. can14

24、. （2019 北京順義高三一模） Everyone thinks that the same questions again on this year stest.A. will askB. have askedC. will be askedD. have been asked15. （ 2019 北京順義高三一模） Young children under the age of four be in a child safety seat whiletaking a car.A. mustB. mayC. canD. willKeys:1-15 CCCDA DBBDA BADCA,完形填

25、空|。Robison was born in a very poor family. At seven| , he had to pick cal in a deserted mine|, then he 1 what he had picked and earned a few coins to help his parents. He had 2 schooling. 3so poor| , how could they pay for the education?When he was fifteen|, he worked 4a servant in a school|, lookin

26、g at other children studying in the classroom|, he felt 5 for himself. How he wished to have the same chance. He 6 to study by himself. In the day time after the sweeping and cleaning was over| , he 7 stand by the window outside the classroom trying to 8_what the teacher said. At night| , he tried h

27、is best to remember 9 he had learned during the day. He worked 10 hard at the lessons that he sometimes had just three or four hours _； 11. The more hthe 12 he wanted to learn.A math teacher 13him and came to like this diligent（ 刻苦）boy and 14 him to sit at the back of the class. In 15exam|, he was t

28、he one in the whole school who reached the 16 grade.Robison went on for six years 17_his study of math and wrote several articles which drew the attention of some university professors. They appreciated （欣賞）his talent and his diligence.18_him the better chance they employed him as a librarian and 19

29、_him free guidance. Robison was filled with joy. Fro he felt that before him there was a broad road leading to 20.1. A. burnedB. gaveC.sentD. sold2. A. anyB. lessC. noD. small3. A. BecauseB. AsC. ForD. Being4 A. likeB. asC. forD. at5 A. sorryB. angryC. disappointedD. interesting6. A. wishedB. wanted

30、C. decidedD. considered7. A. wouldB. shouldC. couldD. might8. A. doB. catchC. listen toD. hear9. A. whenB. allC. thatD. which10 A. suchB. tooC. soD. very11 A. studyB. sleepC. workD. time12. A. betterB. harderC. lessD. more13.A. punishedB. discoveredC. likedD. laughed at14.A. allowedB. letC. pushedD. tired15.A. hisB. aC. oneD. the16.A. highestB. mostC. tallestD. larges