翻譯訓(xùn)練答案

1、相信自己一定能成功，加油！漢譯英專項練習(xí)答案及解析 一、從句 1. Why they left their hometown for Yunnan  leave for (考點：主語從句) 2. What confused me most (考點：考查what引導(dǎo)的主語從句。類似的關(guān)系代詞包括whatever, whoever, whichever。) 3. That this was done on purpose (考點：考查that引導(dǎo)的主語從句。that引導(dǎo)的主語從句放在句首很少，只有為了強調(diào)或謂語較長時才作這樣的安排。) 4. who should be responsib

2、le for this matter (考點：較長的主語從句可以后置，用it作形式主語) 5. what can be done today (考點：賓語從句) 6. whether they will support us (考點：whether引導(dǎo)賓語從句) 7. that the chairman would agree to this proposal (考點：考查that引導(dǎo)的同位語從句。that在從句中只起連接作用，不作任何句子成分。而定語從句中的that需要在從句中充當(dāng)一定的句子成分。) 8. the house where Lu Xun was born (考點：先行詞為地點，

3、定語從句通常由where引導(dǎo)) 9. on the day when his son arrived (考點：先行詞為時間，定語從句通常由when引導(dǎo)) 10. the reason why I am in favor of this reform (考點：先行詞為reason，定語從句通常由why引導(dǎo)) 11. which made our journey more difficult (考點：非限制性定語從句) 12. most of whom were English majors (考點：考查whom引導(dǎo)的非限定性定語從句。在非限定性定語從句中，which和whom通?？膳cof或其他介

4、詞連用。) 13. As is known to all (考點：as 引導(dǎo)的定語從句) It is well known that. 二、虛擬語氣 1. I had had your opportunities when I was young （考點：本題考查wish后的虛擬語氣。wish通常表示沒有實現(xiàn)或不可能實現(xiàn)的愿望。其后接that從句時，從句要使用過去時。在本句中，“我年輕的時候”表示從句的謂語動詞是發(fā)生在過去，所以這里是表示對過去無法實現(xiàn)的愿望的一種虛擬，因此應(yīng)該用過去完成時。表示現(xiàn)在無法實現(xiàn)的愿望時，that從句應(yīng)使用一般過去時；表示將來無法實現(xiàn)的愿望時，應(yīng)使用過去將來時。）2

5、. he had known this disease is curable （考點：本題考查if only后的虛擬語氣。if only引導(dǎo)的感嘆句表示“但愿”，“要是就好了”。通常使用虛擬語氣，用法與wish相同。注意不要將if only與only if混淆。only if“只要，只有”，引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句。）3. painted it blue, and without any decorations （考點：本題考查would rather后接從句中使用的虛擬語氣。would rather+從句時，是一個常用的虛擬語氣句型，謂語一般用過去時表示現(xiàn)在或?qū)恚鉃椤皩幵?，還是好些”。引導(dǎo)從句的

6、that常省略。在談到過去的動作時，謂語則用過去完成時。另外，would rather還常用于would rather than“寧愿做什么，而不愿做什么”。）4. measures were taken to solve the problem of traffic jams （考點：本題考查Its (about/ high) time后的從句中的虛擬語氣。Its (about/high) time + that從句，表示“該是的時候了”從句通常使用一般過去時。) 5. as though he were delivering a speech at an assembly （考點：本題考查

7、as if/ as though引導(dǎo)的從句中的虛擬語氣。as if/ as though表示“好像，仿佛”，后面的從句中使用虛擬語氣。本句是對現(xiàn)在事實的虛擬，所以應(yīng)用一般過去時。） 6. Jack (should) be sent to hospital right now（考點：本題考查insist后接從句中的虛擬語氣。在英語中，表示“建議、命令、要求、想法”的動詞后的從句中謂語動詞常用should + do的形式，其中should常省略。類似這樣的詞還有表示要求的ask, desire, request, demand, require, beg；表示“提議、勸告、建議”的propose,

8、 suggest, recommend, advise；表示“決定、命令”的decide, order；表示“主張”的maintain, urge。）7. the mid-term exams (should) be canceled (考點：表示“建議、命令、要求、想法”的名詞所接的同位語從句通常用“(that) sb. (should) do”的虛擬形式。表示“建議、命令、要求、想法”的動詞及其名詞常見的有：advise (advice), agree (agreement), decide (decision), decree, demand, determine (determinat

9、ion), grant, indicate (indication), insist (insistence), order, prefer (preference), propose (proposal), request, require (requirement), resolve (resolution), stipulate (stipulation), suggest(suggestion), urge, vote;常見的這類動詞還有：allow, arrange, ask, beg, concede, demonstrate, ensure, intend, move, pled

10、ge, pray等)8. we (should) be short of water in a country where it is always raining (考點：在It is/was +形容詞后的that從句中常用“sb. should do”的形式表示建議驚奇等。這類形容詞常見的有：advisable, anxious, appropriate, compulsory, crucial, desirable, eager, essential, fitting, imperative, important, impossible, improper, natural, neces

11、sary, obligatory, preferable, proper, urgent, vital, willing等) 9. If he had booked tickets in the way I told him (考點：在非真實條件句中用過去完成式表示與過去的事實相反) 10. if I had not been interrupted (考點：考查if引導(dǎo)的虛擬條件句。was和“要不是”提示，本句內(nèi)容與過去事實相反，if引導(dǎo)與過去事實相反的虛擬語氣中，主句謂語用would have +動詞過去分詞，從句謂語應(yīng)用過去完成時?！拔业脑挕笔潜淮驍嗟?，要用被動語態(tài)。) 11. he w

12、ould be dead now (考點：考查if引導(dǎo)的錯綜時間虛擬條件句。有些條件句主句謂語和從句謂語表示的動作在時間上不一致，這類句子叫做錯綜時間條件句。本句從句中的動作表示過去，但主句表達的是“現(xiàn)在”的意思，所以主句謂語應(yīng)該是would+動詞原形。) 12. we could not have rent a house at such a low price (考點：but for經(jīng)常作為非真實條件句中if的代用語) 13. otherwise, it would have taken me more time to work out this question (考點：otherwis

13、e也經(jīng)常作為非真實條件句中if的代用語) 14. I would seize the opportunity without hesitation (考點：在非真實條件句中如果有were, had, should這三個詞，可以省去if，采用主謂語倒裝的形式來表示條件) 15. this act would have been passed much earlier (考點：考查虛擬語氣條件句的倒裝。本句從句相當(dāng)于if it had not been for their opposition,從句為過去完成時，故主句應(yīng)用would have +動詞過去分詞形式。) 16. lest he sho

14、uld awaken the baby (考點：lest (以免)引導(dǎo)的從句通常用sb. should do的形式表示虛擬) 三、倒裝句 1. had she fallen asleep(考點：Hardlywhen結(jié)構(gòu)) 2. had Mary arrived(考點：No soonerthan結(jié)構(gòu)) 3. Nor did the wife say a word of welcome. (考點：nor表示“后者與前者一樣地不”) 4. did the doctor realize that his patient needed surgery (考點：only引導(dǎo)的狀語位于句首，句子倒裝) 5.

15、 can we conclude the business (考點：考查only when引導(dǎo)的倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。) 四、被動語態(tài) 1. is being replaced by the computer （考點：本題考查被動語態(tài)的現(xiàn)在進行時。句中的“正在”和“被”提示，此處應(yīng)用被動語態(tài)的現(xiàn)在進行時，即系動詞+being done by的形式。）2. can be used to demonstrate the way that cells work （考點：本題考查被動語態(tài)。所給漢語部分沒有“被”等表示被動語態(tài)的標(biāo)志詞，但主語computer models與“用來”之間在語義上存在被動關(guān)系，所以此處

16、也應(yīng)該使用被動語態(tài)?！翱梢浴痹诖颂幙梢允褂们閼B(tài)動詞can。） 3. Effective measures must be taken immediately（考點：本題考查無主句中的語態(tài)。無主句是指沒有主語的句子，這種句子的作用在于描述動作、變化等情況，而不強調(diào)“誰”或“什么”進行這一動作或發(fā)生這個變化。在本句中“誰”采取有效措施并不是重點，所以此處應(yīng)使用被動語態(tài)，強調(diào)“有效措施”。）五、時態(tài) 1. the children had fallen asleep （考點：本題考查過去完成時。在本句中主句的動作“睡著”發(fā)生在從句的動作“got”之前，所以應(yīng)用過去完成時。） 2. have been

17、 revising my resume all the morning（考點：本題考查現(xiàn)在完成進行時?，F(xiàn)在完成進行時通常表示從過去某個時刻開始一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作，并且還將持續(xù)下去。在本句中“修改”這一動作從過去一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，所以此處應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成進行時。） 3. No. It has been five years since I went on holiday （考點：本題考查常用表達。英語中通常使用It has been +一段時間+since sb. did sth. 表示某人有多長時間沒有做某事。） 4. He has been in the army for 5 years（考點：

18、本題考查現(xiàn)在完成時。句中“參軍”這個動詞持續(xù)了五年時間，所以此處應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時。句中的“五年”表示一段時間，所以謂語動詞應(yīng)用持續(xù)性動詞be in the army，而不應(yīng)使用join the army?？忌鷳?yīng)該注意終止性動詞不能與表示一段時間的詞連用。）六、比較級1. as gracefully as her sister (考點：同級比較) 2. far uglier in London than here (考點：用副詞或詞組來修飾比較級) 3. one of the best pictures that he has ever painted (考點：最高級) 4. the thinne

19、r the air becomes (考點：“越越”結(jié)構(gòu)) 七、分詞 1. “Happy birthday to you” sung in Italian (考點：分詞作賓語補語。catch, discover, feel, find, get, have, hear, keep, leave, make, notice, see, watch等動詞常用分詞形式作賓語補語) 2. parked in the fire lane (考點：分詞作定語) 3. killing thousands upon thousands of people (考點：分詞作結(jié)果狀語) 4. Seeing that

20、 everyone was bending over his/her book (考點：分詞作原因狀語) 5. Deeply moved by the boys deeds (考點：考查過去分詞作原因狀語。主句中的“they”是被“打動”。) 6. Not having heard from his parents for a long time (考點：1. 分詞作原因狀語;2.分詞的否定形式;3.現(xiàn)在分詞的完成式) 八、動名詞 1. Taking a cold bath every day (考點：動名詞作主語) 2. making their daughter do what she d

21、idnt like to do (考點：動名詞作動詞的賓語。下列動詞后的賓語只能是動名詞而不能是不定式：admit, advise, allow, anticipate, appreciate, avoid, delay, deny, dislike, dread, encourage, enjoy, escape, excuse, fancy, finish, cant help, imagine, keep, mind, miss, permit, postpone, practice, prevent, propose, recall, recollect, resent, resist

22、, risk, cant stand, stop, suggest) 3. getting our goods into the international market (考點：動名詞作介詞的賓語) 4. crying over spilled milk (考點：動名詞用于固定結(jié)構(gòu)。動名詞經(jīng)常與以下詞組連用：be worth, have difficulty (in), it be no good/use/worthwhile, there be no need/no point in, how/what about, whats the point of, whats the use of

23、) 5. having peeked at his neighbors test paper (考點：動名詞的完成式) 6. being promoted to manager (考點：動名詞的被動式) 九、不定式 1. for us to have a good nights sleep before the test (考點：有時用“介詞for + 代詞/名詞”來表示不定式的邏輯主語，這時整句的謂語描述的對象是事情，這種情況下謂語中常用的形容詞有：necessary, important, possible, impossible, all right, essential等) 2. of

24、 you to donate so much money to the people in the disaster area (考點：有時用“介詞of + 代詞/名詞”來表示不定式的邏輯主語，這時整句的謂語描述的對象是人，這種情況下謂語中常用的形容詞有：absurd, bold, brave, careful, careless, cowardly, cruel, foolish, generous, good, honest, kind, nice, polite, rude, selfish, silly, stupid, thoughtful, thoughtless, wicked,

25、 wise, wrong等) 3. not to punish those students who had been late for class (考點：1. 用不定式結(jié)構(gòu)作decide的賓語;2.不定式的否定形式是在to前加not) (能帶不定式作賓語的動詞常見的有：afford, agree, ask, attempt, beg, begin, bother, care, choose, claim, consent, decide, demand, desire, dislike, endeavor, expect, fail, fear, forget, happen, hate,

26、 help, hesitate, hope, intend, learn, like, love, manage, mean, neglect, offer, plan, pledge, prefer, prepare, pretend, promise, refuse, remember, resolve, start, threaten, undertake, venture, volunteer, vow, want, wish) 4. whether to visit their son in France (考點：“疑問詞+不定式”作動詞wonder的賓語。能以這種結(jié)構(gòu)作賓語的動詞通

27、常有ask, consider, decide, discover, explain, forget, guess, know, learn, observe, remember, see, tell, understand, wonder等) 5. invited him to give us a lecture on modern art (考點：同上) (能帶不定式結(jié)構(gòu)作賓語補語的動詞有advise, allow, ask, beg, cause, challenge, command, compel, enable, determine, encourage, expect, feel

28、, find, force, get, hate, have, hear, help, inform invite, let, like, make, mean, need, notice, notify, oblige, order, permit, persuade, remind, request, require, see, send, teach, tell, tempt, trouble, urge, want, warn, watch, wish等。) 6. to be the chairman of students union in so large a university

29、 (考點：動詞 + it + 形容詞/名詞 + 不定式。it是形式賓語，不定式是真正賓語) 7. to apply what we have learned in class to practice (考點：不定式作定語) (不定式常用作以下名詞/代詞的定語：ability, ambition, anything, attempt, capability, chance, curiosity, desire, decision, determination, effort, failure, intention, need, nothing, opportunity, place, plan,

30、 promise, reason, right, something, tendency, time, way, wish等) 8. American woman to explore the outer space (考點：由only, last, next，序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級修飾的名詞常用不定式作定語) 9. to meet a high school classmate in the mountain village (考點：不定式作原因狀語) 10. to wipe our feet on the mat before going into the room (考點：當(dāng)動詞see,

31、make, hear等用于被動語態(tài)時，不定式要保留to) 十、情態(tài)動詞 1. something must be wrong（考點：情態(tài)動詞。表示對現(xiàn)在發(fā)生事情的推測，而情態(tài)動詞中表示肯定意義的詞為must。如果用there be句型，則應(yīng)為there must be something wrong with而題目本身給出了something, 則省去there be, 用something must be wrong with結(jié)構(gòu)。）2. couldnt have received my message（考點：情態(tài)動詞表推測。表示對過去發(fā)生的某件事的否定性推測用couldnt have do

32、ne結(jié)構(gòu)，表示“不可能”。）3. should be able to see（考點：情態(tài)動詞表推測。should在此意為“應(yīng)該”。 ）十一、介詞 1. Despite/In spite of years of farm production troubles（考點：表示讓步的介詞。）2. Apart from the cost（考點：表示例外和附加的介詞。）3. for fear of missing the train（考點：表示原因的介詞。）翻譯訓(xùn)練補充練習(xí)一1. but there is no answer. She cant be at home (考點：情態(tài)動詞可表示可能性，cant

33、 表示“一定不”) 2. more mobile shops (should) be set up in the residential area (考點：表示“建議、命令、要求、想法”的動詞所接的主語從句通常用“(that) sb. (should) do”的虛擬形式) 3. to complete a 24-story building in 10 months (考點：不定式作主語時常用it作形式主語放在句首代替不定式，而將不定式移到謂語后面) 4. raising the average yield by 15 percent (考點：考查分詞作結(jié)果狀語。該分詞短語的邏輯主語是句子的主

34、語the farmers，它與分詞之間表示的動作為主動關(guān)系，故應(yīng)使用現(xiàn)在分詞。) 5. whom Mary is engaged to (考點：考查whom引導(dǎo)的主語從句。主語從句是真正的主語，it只是形式主語。)練習(xí)二1. Whatever we talk about (考點：讓步狀語從句) 2. It was Jefferson who wrote (考點：強調(diào)句中強調(diào)主語) 3. working very hard. (考點：mean表示“意味著”) 4. will have been published by the end of this year (考點：被動語態(tài)的將來完成時) 5

35、. is 2.5 times greater than Force N2 (考點：倍數(shù) + 形容詞/副詞比較級 + than) 練習(xí)三1. or the wedding will have finished by the time we get to the church (考點：將來完成時) 2. I may have left them in the coffee shop yesterday (考點：“情態(tài)動詞can/could, may/might, must + 完成式”用于表示對過去發(fā)生的動作的主觀判斷)3. they (should) set up a special board

36、/committee to examine this problem (考點：表示“建議、命令、要求、想法”的名詞所接的表語從句通常用“(that) sb. (should) do”的虛擬形式) 4. the decision to build a nuclear power station in the suburbs (考點：不定式作賓語補語) 5. talk to his mother for an hour (考點：強調(diào)整個過程) 練習(xí)四1. what I have been looking for (考點：表語從句) 2. that it took us nearly two wee

37、ks to solve it (考點：結(jié)果狀語從句) 3. It was because the water had risen that (考點：強調(diào)狀語從句) 4. If it had rained, the ground would be wet (考點：在非真實條件句中，當(dāng)主句與從句表示的動作不是同時發(fā)生時，就根據(jù)情況用適當(dāng)?shù)闹^語動詞形式) 5. is 49 times the size of the moon (考點：倍數(shù) + 名詞) 練習(xí)五1. to be treated as a guest (考點：不定式的被動形式) 2. only to break his own leg (

38、考點：意料之外的結(jié)果) 3. only to drop it on their own feet (考點：不定式作結(jié)果狀語) 4. whether I should ask for another loan (考點：whether引導(dǎo)表語從句) 5. It was not until I told her that (考點：強調(diào)狀語從句)練習(xí)六1. so that we might get a better view (考點：目的狀語從句) 2. Whether she likes the present (考點：whether引導(dǎo)前置的主語從句) 3. followed by two bod

39、y guards (考點：過去分詞強調(diào)被動) 4. but play bridge the whole day (考點：考查不帶to的不定式。當(dāng)介詞except，but后接不定式時，如果其前面含有行為動詞do或do的各種形式，不定式一般不帶to。) 5. You should have invited her to your graduation ceremony (考點：“情態(tài)動詞should/ought to + have done” 用于評論過去應(yīng)該做而實際并未做的動作，含有批評的意思) 練習(xí)七1. reacts three times as fast as the other one

40、(考點：倍數(shù) + as + 形容詞/副詞 + as) 2. You must have dreamed of something terrible (考點：考查must have done的用法。表示推想，意為“一定”、“準(zhǔn)是”。) 3. to be standing in the doorway when he rushed in (考點：不定式的進行式) 4. breaking his legs (考點：意料之中的結(jié)果) 5. However hard some people in the audience tried to upset him (考點：考查however引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句

41、。) 練習(xí)八1. It is with genuine feeling that the author (考點：強調(diào)狀語) 2. as if it happened yesterday (考點：方式狀語從句) 3. go to the campus bookstore to buy used books (考點：不帶to的不定式)4. plan to double their investment (考點：double + 名詞) 5. to see his parents in good health (考點：不定式作原因狀語位于句末) 練習(xí)九1. whether I can count o

42、n your vote (考點：whether引導(dǎo)同位語從句) 2. Seeing his parents safe and sound (考點：分詞作原因狀語位于句首) 3. ruined our plan to show the film in the open air (考點：考查不定式作賓語補足語。to show the film作our plan的補語。) 4. my sister will be taking her vacation at the seaside (考點：將來進行時) 5. I neednt have put on my best suit to go to th

43、e party (考點：“情態(tài)動詞neednt + have + done”表示對過去發(fā)生的動作進行評論，認為“無須發(fā)生”，“不必做”) 練習(xí)十1. wants to raise the rent by a third (考點：動詞 + by + 數(shù)詞/百分比/倍數(shù)) 2. I was startled, for the prices were a great deal higher than I had anticipated (考點：考查被動語態(tài)和形容詞比較級。“我”是被菜單“驚呆了”，主語為“我”，故用被動；“價格超出了預(yù)料”即比“預(yù)料”的要高。)3. talking to his mo

44、ther (考點：強調(diào)正在進行) 4. whether/if robots will one day have vision as good as human vision (考點：whether/if引導(dǎo)后置的主語從句) 5. as long as you promise to be back before 11 at night (考點：條件狀語從句) 練習(xí)十一1. If I had been living in New York (考點：考查錯綜時間的虛擬條件句?！白≡诩~約”是過去的持續(xù)動作；主句中的“now”提示“know the U.S. well”是現(xiàn)在的動作。) 2. warne

45、d me just now not to water flowers at noon (考點：不定式作賓語補語) 3. trying to deduce its operating principle (考點：分詞作伴隨狀語) 4. to drive there, but his car broke down (考點：mean表示“打算”。類似需要區(qū)別的動詞還有forget, remember, regret, go on, stop等) 5. It was Jim, the heartless fellow, who was heard (考點：強調(diào)主語) 練習(xí)十二1. the contin

46、ued existence of the human race would be in jeopardy (考點：考查與將來情況相反的虛擬條件句。從句用省略了if，完整形式應(yīng)為if there should be another world war表示將來時，則主句應(yīng)用would+動詞原形。) 2. to have taken up so much of your time （考點：本題考查不定式作原因狀語和不定式的完成式。因為“占用了時間”所以很抱歉；不定式的完成式為to have done。） 3. Seen from the eyes of a young friend (考點：分詞作方

47、式狀語) 4. Following its footprints (考點：現(xiàn)在分詞強調(diào)主動) 5. that the Government could do nothing to raise their wages (考點：同位語從句) 練習(xí)十三1. Whichever side wins (考點：考查whichever引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句。) 2. when he sold the house and left the country（考點：本題考查hardlywhen“一就”的用法。英語中類似的用法還有no sooner than；hardlybefore)3.while women are

48、 just working for the sake of working（考點：本題考查連詞while和短語for the sake of的用法。所給漢語部分與其前的men are working as構(gòu)成對比關(guān)系，連詞while表示前后對比，符合此處要求。for the sake of通常表示“為了起見，看在的份上”。）4.not only to his supervisors and colleagues（考點：本題考查not onlybut (also)的用法。所給漢語中的“不僅”和其后英語中的but提示，此處應(yīng)該使用not onlybut (also)“不僅而且”連接兩個并列的介賓短

49、語。be polite to“對有禮貌”。）5.take advantage of the weekend to catch up on some reading（考點：本題考查短語take advantage of和catch up on。take advantage of意為“利用”；catch up on意為“趕做（應(yīng)及時完成的工作）”。）練習(xí)十四1.for fear that it (should) rain（考點：本題考查for fear that后的虛擬語氣?！耙苑馈蓖ǔ？捎胒or fear that表示，其后所接的從句應(yīng)使用虛擬語氣，should常可省略。另外，“以防”還可以用l

50、est that表示。）2.so it is with her/ it is the same with her（考點：本題考查替代。英語中通?？捎?so it is with sb.或so its the same with sb.表示“前者怎么樣，后者也怎么樣”。）3.but that I have not learned to operate it（考點：本題考查句型“It is not thatbut that”。所給英語中的not that和所給漢語中的“而是”提示，此處應(yīng)用It is not thatbut that的表達方式，表示“不是，而是”。）4.discriminates

51、humans from other animals （考點：本題考查短語discriminatefrom。discriminate from可以表示“把和區(qū)分開來”。另外，separate from也可以用以表達“把和區(qū)分開”。）5.I am by no means a poet（考點：本題考查短語by no means。所給漢語中的“絕對不是”通常用by no means表達。另外，有關(guān)means的其他用法還有by means of“通過方式”，by all means“盡一切辦法；可以；當(dāng)然行”。）練習(xí)十五1.the last thing I want to do is hurt you（

52、考點：本題考查“最不愿意”的表達方式。在英語中表達“最不愿意”通常為the last + n. +不定式或定語從句?？忌⒁獠灰獙⑦@一表達誤理解為“想做的最后一件”。）2.It goes without saying that school officials are permitted（考點：本題考查“不言而喻”的表達方式。在英語中表達“不言而喻”通常為It goes without saying that。）3.she preferred listening to music to watching TV（考點：本題考查短語prefer doing to doing。根據(jù)所給漢語中的“比起

53、，更”可知，此處應(yīng)使用prefer的相關(guān)表達方式。另外，本句還可以使用would rather do than do或prefer to do rather than do這一表達方式，即she would rather listen to music than watch TV或she preferred to listen to music rather than watch TV）4.John still hasnt got down to preparing for the meeting（考點：本題考查短語get down to。get down to意為“著手做，開始做”，其中to

54、為介詞，后接名詞或動名詞。）5.whether/if it can completely take the place of a computer（考點：本題考查短語take the place of。“取代”可以用take the place of sth.或take sb./ sth.s place來表達，所以“取代電腦”可以用take the place of a computer，也可以用take a computers place，只是第一種表達方式更加地道。）練習(xí)十六1.There being no further business to discuss（考點：本題考查獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)

55、。獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)中的名詞或代詞與其后的分詞等構(gòu)成邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系。獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)與主句之間不使用任何連接詞。在本句中所給漢語和所給英語都有完整的主謂成分，而句中只有逗號將其隔開，句號并不具有連接兩個句子的功能，所以此處應(yīng)使用獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。） 2.with a book in his hand（考點：本題考查with引導(dǎo)的獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。所給漢語很明顯在句子中充當(dāng)?shù)氖前殡S狀語，所以應(yīng)用with引導(dǎo)的獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。）3.have been used to living a simple life（考點：本題考查現(xiàn)在完成時和be used to doing。所給漢語中的“已經(jīng)”“過慣了”提示，本句應(yīng)該使用

56、現(xiàn)在完成時，表示一直持續(xù)的狀態(tài)。 “習(xí)慣于做某事”通常用be/get used to doing sth.來表達。另外，be accustomed to sth./ doing sth.也能表示“習(xí)慣做某事”。關(guān)于used還有used to do sth.這一用法，表示“過去常常做某事”。）4.you might as well be happy（考點：本題考查might as well的用法。might/ may as well意為“最好還是”，與had better的意思一致。另外，might as well還可用于指過去的情況或用于比較兩個令人不愉快的情況，）5.have difficu

57、lty in making clear what the speaker is saying（考點：本題考查have difficulty (in) doing sth.“有困難做某事”在英語中通常用it is difficult to do sth.來表達，其中it是形式主語，不定式短語才是真正的主語。但本句中所給英語部分的主語是many students，所以此處應(yīng)使用have difficulty (in) doing sth.來表示。另外，have trouble (in) doing sth.也可以表達“有困難做某事”。）練習(xí)十七1.Weather permitting/ If weather permits（考點： 本題考查獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)或條件狀語從句。本句中所給漢語既可以使用獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)，也可以使用if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句。）2.did the students stop talking（考點：本題考查倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。狀語not until放于句首時，句子需要倒裝?？忌枰⒁?，