2017-2018學年高中英語Unit4Astronomythescienceofth

1、However, Halley had a friendn amed Newt on,who was a brillia ntUn it 4 Astr onomy the scie nee of the stars Warmi ng Up &Readi ng-La nguage Pointsi.單句語法填空1. More violent (violenee) scenes in the film were cut when it was shown on televisi on.2. It is gen erally accepted that smok ing is harmful

2、(harm) to our health.3. Mary was reading a poem with a puzzled expression on her face.Its deeper meaning remained a puzzle for her.(puzzle)4. The dog lying on the floor belongs to him.He lied to me yesterday that it had bee n lost.(lie)5. Unlike (like) most people in the office who come to work by c

3、ar, I usually come to work by bus.6. This made it hard to control myself.7. I cant exist on the_money he gave me.8. Youll succeed in time because you are always working hard.n.完成句子1. 有些工廠排放的氣體對環(huán)境有害。The gases from some factories are harmful_to the environment.2. 要不是他們幫忙，我們就不能及時完成這個項目。But for their he

4、lp, we could not have fini shed the program in _time.3. 大雨使我們不能踢足球了。The heavy rain prevented/stopped us (from) playing football.4. 我發(fā)現(xiàn)學好英語很難。I find it_very_difficult_toearn En glish well.5. 我們得不到的東西似乎比我們已經(jīng)擁有的東西好。What_we_cant_get seems better than what we already have.川.閱讀理解AEdmundHalley was an Engli

5、sh scientistwho lived over 200 years ago.He studiedthe observationsof comets (彗星)which other scientistshad made.The orbit of oneparticular comet was a very difficult mathematical problem.He could not figure it out.Neither could otherscie ntists who dealt with such problems.22mathematicia n. Newt on

6、thought he had already worked out that problem, but he couldnot find the papers on which he had done it.He told Halley that the orbit of a comet had the shape of anellipse （橢圓）.Now Halley set to work.He figured out（ 解決；計算出 ）the orbits of some of the comets that hadbee n observed by scie ntists.He ma

7、de a surpris ing discovery.The comets that had appeared in theyears 1531, 1607, and 1682 all had the same orbit.Yet their appeara nces had bee n 75 to 76 yearsapart.This seemed very stra nge to Halley.The differe nt comets followed the sameorbit.The more Halley thought about it, the more he thought

8、that there had not been three differentcomets, as people thought.He decided that they had simply seen the same comet three times.Thecomet had gone away and had come back aga in.It was an ast onishing idea! Halley felt certa in eno ugh to make a predictio n（預 言） of what cometwould happen in the futur

9、e.He decided that this comet would appear in the year 1758.There were 53years to go before Halleys predict ion could be tested .In 1758 the comet appeared in the sky.Halley didnot see it, for he has died some years before.Ever since then that comet has been called Halleys comet,in his honor.語篇解讀：本文主

10、要介紹了著名科學家哈雷及他的發(fā)現(xiàn)。1. Halley made his discovery_A. by doing experimentsB. by means of his own careful observationC. by using the work of other scientistsD. by chanee解析：選 C 細節(jié)理解題。由文中第三段得知。2._ Halley made a surprising, but correct predict ion in the year_.A. 1704B. 1705C. 1706D . 1707解析：選 B 計算題。文中的He de

11、cided that this comet would appear in the year 1758.There were53 years to go before Halleys predict ion could be tested.”這句話告訴我們：他預言彗星出現(xiàn)的時間是1758 年，而這個預言還要經(jīng)過 53 年才能驗證，由此可以推斷出哈雷做出這個預言的時間是1705 年。3._ This passage in general is about .3A. Halley and other scientistsB. the orbit of a cometC. Newton and Ha

12、lleyD. Halley and his discovery解析：選 D 主旨大意題。綜觀全文，不難看出，文章的中心就是哈雷以及他的發(fā)現(xiàn)。4.Which of the following is TRUE?A. Edmund Halley was an American scientist.B. Halley made his discovery by doing experiments.C. Newt on was a famous mathematicia n.D. The orbit of a comet had the shape of an around.解析：選 C 綜合判斷題。從

13、文章首句可以看出A 項錯誤；從第二題的分析中可知B 項也錯誤；牛頓告訴哈雷彗星的軌道是橢圓形的，可排除DoBRed DwarfRed Dwarf stars （ 紅矮星 ）can range in size from a hundred times smaller thanthe sun , to only a couple of times smaller.Because of their smallsize these starsburn their fuel very slowly, which allows them to live a very long time.Some redd

14、warf stars will live trillions of years before they run out of fuel.Then why are red dwarf stars red ? Because red dwarf stars only burn a littlebit of fuel at a time , they are not very hot compared to other stars.Think of a fire.The coolest part of thefire at the top of the flame glows red, the ho

15、tter part in themiddle glows yellow , and the hottest part near the fuel glows blue.Stars work the same way.Theirtemperatures determine what color they will be.Thus we can determine how hot a star is just by look ingat its color.Like the Sun , these medium-sized stars are yellow because they have a

16、mediumtemperature.Their higher temperature causes them to burn their fuel faster.This means they will not liveas long, only about 10 billi on years or so.Near the end of their lives, these medium-sized starsswell up becoming very large.When thishappe ns to the Sun it will grow to en gulf （吞沒）even th

17、e Earth. Fin ally they shri nk again , leavingbehind most of their gas.This gas forms a beautiful cloud around the star called a Planetary Nebula24（行星狀星云）.Whenwill the Sun expand into a giant , and then shrink leaving behind a planetary nebula?Dont worry.The sun is only about 5 billi on years old .I

18、t still has ano ther 55,and then turn into a planetary nebula.,it will take a long time to cool off.The,but it will still glow for many billions ofbe what is called a white dwarf star.Finally,it will stop glowing , at that pointit will be what we call a black dwarf star.There are still no black dwar

19、f stars in the Un iverse.語篇解讀：本文對紅矮星和黃色星進行了介紹。5. Why do the Red Dwarf stars burn their fuel very slowly?A. Because they are small.B. Because they dont move around.C. Because they are cool.D. Because they reflect light like the moon.解析：選 A 細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段第二句話Because of their small sizethese stars burn

20、their fuel very slowly.” 可知選A。6. Which of the following best expresses the main idea of Paragraph 2?A. How red dwarf stars work.B. Why red dwarf stars burn a little fuel.C. Why red dwarf stars are red.D. How temperature determines the color.解析：選 C 主旨大意題。綜合第二段的內(nèi)容可知，本段開頭由一個問句（為本段的主題句）引出作者要說明的中心：紅矮星為什么

21、是紅色的？然后通過類比來進行解釋，因此C項為最佳選項。7. The title on the un derl ine before Paragraph 3 is probably_ .A. The SunB. Yellow StarsC. Planetary NebulaD. Star Temperature解析：選 B 主旨大意題。綜觀最后四段話可以看出：作者通過讀者所熟悉的、與黃色 星相類似的太陽相比較來對黃色星進行說明，最后三段話看似與黃色星無關，但實際上是對黃色星發(fā)展走向的一個預測，故B 項最佳。8. Which of the followi ng websites may this

22、passage be take n from?billion years before it will expandThe Sun is so hot that whe n it diessun will die in about 5 billi on yearsyears after that.As it cools , it will afterbillions maybe even trillions of years26A. B. C. D. 解析：選 D 推理判斷題。本文主要介紹了紅矮星和黃色星，與天文學有關，由此推斷本文是從與天文學有關的www.kidsastro (D 項)上摘錄

23、的。IV.語法填空Mark: Peggie, can I borrow your notes for history? I _1_ (return) themtomorrow.Peggie: Sorry, _2_ I usually go to the cafeteria and review them. Why_3_copy them in thelibrary?Mark: OK.Peggie: Here you are.Mark: You are a great help, Peggie.Peggie: I dont quite un dersta nd _4_ you n eed myno tes, Mark. You have nt missed anyclasses.Mark: _5_(honest) speaking, I work in a supermarke