2020年5月北京市朝陽區(qū)高三一模英語試題word版

1、北京市朝陽區(qū)高三年級高考練習(xí)一5英語2020.5（考試時間 100 分鐘 滿分 120 分 ）本試卷共 11 頁?？忌鷦?wù)必將答案答在答題卡上，在試卷上作答無效。第一部分：知識運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)， 45 分）第一節(jié) 語法填空（共 10 小題；每小題 1.5 分, 共 15 分）閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫 1 個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~， 在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。AWith our graduation day around the corner, Iwas busy preparingpresentsfor myfriends.As usual,I walk

2、ed into theclassroom, only1(find)a bigbox standingthere.Approaching,I saw my name2(write)on it.I was quiteshockedwhen the box3(open) andI saw “myself”, a vividstatue,sitting insidesmiling up at me. I was ata complete loss forwords. It was the most unique, unconventional present inmy life.Analysis fi

3、nds EarthBs magnetic( 有 磁 性 的 ) fieldwas inplace by atleast3.7 billion years ago,as early life arose.Scientists think thathaving a magnetic field4(make)Earthmore friendly to life.The field,5is generated by liquid ironmoving about in the planet s core, protects Earth6 energetic particles(planet hold

4、on to its粒子 ) flowing from the Sun. It helps theatmosphere and maintain liquid water on its surface.CDo you have a mentor(導(dǎo)師 ) helping you make decisions in your life? If youdo, then you are a very lucky person. 7if not, then read thebook Tuesdays with Morrie .It tells the true story of the author,

5、Mitch Albom, and his dying formerlearn some veryprofessor, Morrie Schwartz. 8 you read this book, you willmeaningfullessonsfrom a professor dying from Lou Gehrig s disease. WhenMitch visitsMorrieevery Tuesday, the 78-year-oldprofessor shares words of(wise) about love, life,communication, values,and

6、openness with hisformer student. As a beautifultale 10(deliver) many powerful lessonseveryone s reading list.about life, this book should be high on第二節(jié) 完形填空（共 20 小題；每小題 1.5 分，共 30 分） 閱讀下面短文， 掌握其大意， 從每題所給的 A、B、C、D 四個選項中， 選出最佳選項， 并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。Giddas TeamThe door closed behind Malik, making Mama look up

7、 from the hot meal. “ Just in time fordinner. Will you 11 Gidda, please? ”Gidda was staying in Malik s bedroom. He didn t 12 giving up his room for his 82-year-old grandmother at first. But then she didn t leave. Malik13over her suitcase onthe floor.“ Sorry, ”Gidda said.“ I m just anuisance（ 討厭的人 ）

8、here. I m14 . ”Malikdidn tanswer as he helped her upfrom her chair.At dinner, Mama asked Malik,“Hows your15with thecoach?”Malik was captain ofschoolsoccerteam,and hehad todiscuss afundraiser with the coach.Theydhave toraisehundredsof dollarsto 16their old shirts, and thatseemedunlikelyunless Malikca

9、me upwith a（n）17 plan. Unwillingly, Malik said, “ It s just team stuff. ” Changing the 18 ,Malik turned to Gidda. “ Do you want to go sit outside after dinner? ”Gidda agreed. In the soft warmth of the evening, Gidda settled herselfbeneath the enormous fig（ 無 花 果 ） tree. “ Feels like home,” she said.

10、 ButMalik 19It drops figs everywhere.Right then, a fig landed on his20 . “ Perfect.Pick me ahead. Gidda laughed, picked it up, and took a bunch. I ll make fig cakes.The next morning, Malik found Gidda making fig cakes in the kitchen. Sheoffered him one. Malik, hoping itwasnt too awful, put it in his

11、 mouth. Hiseyes 21 as he chewed. It wasdelicious. He eyed the tree in the backyard. Howmany fig cakes could it22 ?Malik grabbed his phoneand started 23 in a rush ofexcitement. An hour later, mostof the soccer team gathered in the kitchen, andate up fig cakes.Giddas Fabulous（ 極好的 ） Fig Cakes! ” Malik

12、 said.“Well24 them!Gidda said theywere easy to make; she ll25us how. ”At dinner that night, Gidda shared theirplan with Mama, smiling 26as she repeatedthe title Malik gave on her,Team Grandmoth er.The next day, the kitchen was full of 27 . Walking slowly among the excited boys,Gidda taught them to m

13、ake fig cakes. Soon the fig cakes piled up.As Malik 28 , Giddas Fabulous Fig Cakes were a huge hit and they werequickly sold out.When the new 29 arrived just in time for the opening game, Coach Garcia invitedGidda to watch. She arrived early, and waved at Malik. Then she turned 30 to show offher shi

14、rt. On the back were the wordsTeam Grandmothe.r11 A watchBfetchC visitD serve12 A allowB enjoyCconsiderD mind13 A lookedBhandedC trippedD turned14 A uselessBunluckyCscaredD nervous15 A trainingBappointmentC negotiationD meeting16 A buyBreplaceC ironD abandon17 A brilliantBrandomCoriginalD personal18

15、 A planBattitudeC subjectDway19 A repeatedB reportedC explainedD complained 20 A pictureB testC biteD break 21 AwidenedBmovedC focusedD opened22 A produceBdonateCdeliverD exchange23 A runningBtextingCshoutingD thinking24 A presentBsendC sellD reserve25 A prepareBshowC chooseD write26 A proudlyBpolit

16、elyC shylyD bitterly27 A tensionBhopeC praiseD energy28 A promisedBpredictedC announcedD identified29AsocksB bootsCuniformsD gloves 30A backBawayC downD around第二部分：閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)， 40 分）第一節(jié)（共 15 小題；每小題 2 分，共 30 分） 閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的 A、B、C、 D 四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡 上將該項涂黑。Music for LifeLearning music is importantfor

17、 the educationaland personal development of young people!Learning an instrument: how do pupils choose?All our teachers are highly qualified and experienced musicians, and pupils can learn to play a wide range of instruments, from the keyboard to the drums（ 鼓 ）. We have open days when new pupils who

18、are unsure which 3instrument to choose can come to the centre. They are able to speak tocan also seeteachers about which instrument might be best for them, and they and hear classes in action.9Who is responsible for buying the instruments?Parents usually have to provide instruments. But parents of b

19、eginners are advised not to buy an instrument until they are told that a place is available. They should also find out from the teacher the most suitable type of instrument to get.When and where do lessons take place?Lessons are available inmany schools, usually during the day.If there is nolesson a

20、vailable for a particular instrument in a particular school, other arrangements can be made at one of our music centres for lessons on Saturday afternoons or weekday evenings.How are pupils taught?Pupils can learn in small groups, in classes or individually, depending on their needs. Small groups of

21、 three pupils have lessons that last thirty minutes. Class lessons last forty-five minutes and haveat least ten pupils. Individuallessons are offered only to pupils who have some experience.Starting young: when can pupils begin?Children are never too young to become interested in music. We have spec

22、ial “ Musical Youth” classes for children from the age of 3 to 8. These are designed to encourage young children to enjoy music through a variety of activities including singing, musical games, listening andmovement. “ MusicalYouth ” classes take place on Saturday mornings with groups of about 18 ch

23、ildren. A parent or other adult must attend each session, and they are encouraged to sit with theirchildren and help them with the activities.31. What can we learn from the passage?A. New pupils can see classes on an open day.B. Pupils can learn special instruments on Sundays.C. Parents must accompa

24、ny pupils during the learning process.D. Teachers at the centre can provide the right instruments for pupils.32. What is the best choice for children with some experience?A. Lessons for groups of ten. B. Individual lessons.C. Lessons for small groups of three.D. Special “ Musical Youth”classes.33. T

25、he passage is intended for_.A. teachers B. parentsC. musiciansD. pupilsBNenad Sestan was working in his office one afternoon in 2016, when he heard his lab members whispering with excitement over a microscope. He realized something beyond their expectations was happening.The researchers, at Yale Sch

26、ool of Medicine in New Haven, Connecticut, hadfound electricalactivity in brains taken fromdead pigs.Withthat shockingresult, Sestan realized what had startedas aside projecttofind ways tobetter preserve brain tissue for researchhadchanged intodiscovery thatcould redefine our understanding of life a

27、nd death.The excitement soon turnedto concern,when the researchersthought theysaw widespread,consistentelectricalactivitywhichcan indicateconsciousness（ 意 識 ）. Sestanbrought ina neurologist, whodetermined thereadout was actually an error, but the possibility had frightenedthem.Sestan kept his cool a

28、nd immediately did two things: heshut down theexperiment and contacted the US National Institutes of Health（NIH）, as wellas a Yale bioethicist（生物倫理學(xué)家 ).Over the next few months, experts discussedthe potential ethical implications,such as whether thebrains could becomeconsciousand whether physiciansn

29、eeded to reconsiderthe definitionofbrain death.Theysubmitted the work toNature. But beforethe final paperwaspublished,the researchers were engineeringimmortality（ 永生 ）, or maintaining a roomfullSestan met sharp criticism from the press. Some even suggested thattheanger from animal rights activists a

30、nd futurists,Sestan became depressed.Heof living brains in jars. Neither he nor his team wanted to discuss results until the paper was out, but as their inboxes filled with concerns andhold off on correcting publichad run its course.2019, the team has been so busyfelt all they could do, however, was

31、 to misunderstandings until the expert review processSince the paper was published in April, fielding questions from the media and scientists that it hasnt performedany further experiments. Sestan wants to focus on his original questions and explore how long the brainscan be maintained and whether t

32、he technology canpreserve other organs.“ We want to get outside opinion before we do anything, ” Sestan says. “ When you exploreuncharted territory, you have to be extremelythoughtful. ”34. What happened in the lab at Yale School of Medicine in 2016?A. A better method was found to maintain brain tis

33、sue.B. Researchers discovered how to redefine brain death.C. Brains from dead pigs were accidentally discovered alive.D. Researchers arrived at the expected results of the experiment.35. Why did Nenad Sestan stop the experiment?A. He needed assistance with the final paper.B. He spotted a major mista

34、ke in the final result.C. He was frightened by the possibility of failure.D. He was concerned about the related moral issues.Sestan s experiment?36. What was people s reaction towards NenadA. The press were strongly opposed to the experiment.B. Some people supported the research on immortality.C. No

35、body wanted to discuss the final result in advance.D. The public took a positive attitude towards the experiment.37. How could we best describe Nenad Sestan?A. Responsible and reliable.C. Determined and inspiring.B. Cooperative and creative.D. Professional and cautious.CA butterfly s wings can have

36、many jobs besides keeping the insect high up in the air. They may be used to attract mates, or to warn potential attackers to stay away. All of these roles, though, depend on their unchanging colouration. This plays into the idea that butterfly wings are dead tissue, like abird s feathers. In fact,t

37、hat s not true. For example, insome species males wings have special cells releasing some chemicals which attract females.Nanfang Yu, a physicist at Columbia University, in New York, has been looking into the matter. Together with Naomi Pierce, a butterfly specialist at Harvard University, he has no

38、w shown, in a paper published in Nature Communications in February, 2020, that butterflywings are, indeed, very muchalive.In their experiments, the two researchers used a laser（ 激 光 ） to heat up spots on the wings ofdozens of butterfly species. When the temperature of theThese actionsarea under the

39、laser reached40C or so,the insects responded within seconds by doing things that stopped their wings heating up further.included a butterfly turning around to minimize its profile to the laser, moving its wings up and down or simply walking away.whentheresearchers blindfoldedthem.Thatsuggested there

40、levantsensorswereonthe wingsthemselves. DrYu andDrPierce thereforesearched thosewingsforlikelylooking sensorycells.They found some,in theform ofButterfliesengaged in allof these heat-minimisingactivitiesevenneurons( 神經(jīng)元 ) that were similar to heat detectors known from other insects.They alsouncovere

41、d disc-shaped cells that appeared to be similar to pressuresensitive neurons. They guess that these are there to detect deformation ofits flight pattern.the wing information an insect could use to controlThe third discovery they made to contradict the “dead wing ” idea was that some butterfly wings

42、have a heartbeat. A butterfly s wings have veins( 靜 脈 ). These carry a bloodlike liquid which,researchers have now found in males, acts as a pump that helps bloodlike liquid through the scent pad.shows a pulse( pulse appears produces the脈 搏 ) of several to be the scent( female-attractingdozen beats

43、氣 味 ) pad, chemicals.per minute. The a dark spot on Apparently, thissource of this the wings that “ wing heart ”In all their experiments simulating different environmental conditions, Dr Yu and Dr Pierce consistently found that, different parts of the wing are covered by different sorts of scales（鱗屑

44、 ）. In particular, tubes pass throughscales over the scent pads. This improves their ability to spread heat away and helps keep the living parts of abutterfly s wings alive.38. A bird s feathers are mentioned in Paragraph 1 to.A. introduce the latest research findings on a birdB. highlight the speci

45、al feature of abird s feathersC. show common knowledge about butterfly wingsD. stress the difference between a butterfly and a bird39. What can we learn from Dr Yu and Dr Pierce s experiments?A. Butterfly wings are complicated living organs.B. Butterfly wings have little reaction to external heat.C.

46、 The scent pads on some male butterfly wings are their hearts.D. Heat-minimising activities help detect deformation of the wings.40. What is the function of scales over the scent pads?A. Attracting mates.B. Increasing blood flow.C. Covering powerful tubes.D. Producing the cooling effect.41. Which of

47、 the following would be the best title for the passage?A. Seeing Is BelievingB. More Than Meets The EyeC. Nothing Seek, Nothing FindD. Fine Feathers Make Fine BirdsDNon-fiction canbe brokenFact or Fiction?down into many categories. Onecategoryisliterarynon-fiction,which isstill based infact but empl

48、oyssome ofthestorytellingelementsthat fictionuses. Literarynon-fiction includes atypeof autobiography （ 自 傳 ） called memoir. Memoir most often focuses on a certain period of the author s life. It is, by definition, rooted in truth. Still, people sometimes question whether memoir should be categorize

49、d as non-fiction at all.As non-fiction, memoir is intended to be factual. Is this really the case,though, considering memoir relies on human memory? One classic study, led by psychologist Elizabeth Loftus, showed how easily an interviewer s choice of wording can influence an eyewitness s account of

50、a traffic accident. It is therefore reasonable to wonder whether memoir should continue tobe brandedas non-fiction.Certainly, human memory can be unreliable. However, a memoir authoris undoubtedly writing about significant and impactful life events. Memories of such events are actually more8reliable

51、 than others. Studiesshow that the more influential an eventis, themore accurately people recall the details. As an emotionally charged event unfolds, the brain activity changes in a way thatamplifies small details. Thisactivity helps build a more precise and accurate memory.Of course the brain is n

52、ot a camera that can “ save” any memory with perfect accuracy. But ifmemoir is questionable due to the imperfections ofthe human mind, then critics will have to tackle non-fiction more broadly. All writers are using their memories when they create, and moreover, they are relying on the memories of o

53、thers. Journalists conduct interviews to tell a news story and history writers depend on the accuracy of accounts from long ago. Yet they all rightfullyfall under the umbrella of non-fiction.Some people may doubt memoir not because they mistrust human memory, but because they mistrust theauthor s mo

54、rality. Critics may suspect an author ofmaking up events. However, there is no reason to be suspicious of memoir author s intentions. Writing a factual memoir that appealsto readers has thepotential to be profitable for the author, and there is no motivation for a memoir writer to knowingly change o

55、r beautify the truth.Looking beyond the author s own life events, memoir can inform readers about the world in the same way that other non-fiction can.Memoir has a wayof relaying facts about anything from an occupation to brief fashion trends, all of it meaningful to the author.42. The author introduces the topic in Paragraph 1 by _.A. illustrating why it is important to talk about memoirB. listing some interesting facts and features of memoirC. defining key terms that are discussed later in the passageD. ma