北京市西城區(qū)2020屆高三4月統(tǒng)一測試(一模)英語試題(含答案)

1、西城區(qū)高三統(tǒng)一測試英語2020.4本試卷共11頁，120分?？荚嚂r長100分鐘?？忌鷦?wù)必將答案寫在答題卡上，在試卷上作答無效。考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分：知識運用(共兩節(jié)，45分)第一節(jié) 語法填空(共10小題；每小題1.5分，共15分)閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。AThe International Day of Families, which was started by the United Nations in 1993,1 (hold) on May 15 every y

2、ear. The day celebrates the 2 (important) of families. It aims to deepen people ' understanding of issues 3 are related to families. With a different theme each year, the day is observed with a wide range of events that are organized at local, national and international 4 (level).BFor thousands

3、of years, people have been trying to predict the weather. In China during the Shang Dynasty, people 5 (record) weather forecasts on animal bones and tortoise shells. Centuries later, 6 Greece, the philosopher, Aristotle wrote his theories about how weather conditions formed. Weather forecasting adva

4、nced over time, with more and more instruments used to measure temperature, humidity and air pressure. Today satellite data and computer technology help scientists predict the weather more_7 (precise).CLast year, China started testing 5G mobile networks in several cities. The Hongkou District of Sha

5、nghai was the first to operate a 5G network. To test the network, Wu Qing, vice mayor of Shanghai, made a phone call _8 (use) a Huawei MateX, Huawei ' s first 5G smartphone. According to The Telegraph, 5G is the innovation that 9 (shape) all our lives foryears to come. " It is 10 (fast) and

6、 more stable than 4G, the previous generation of cellular ( 蜂窩斗犬的)network technology.第二節(jié) 完形填空（共20小題；每小題1.5分，共30分）閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、G D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。It was late, about 10:15 p.m., when Janice Esposito arrived at the Bellport train station; she jumped into her Honda Odyssey and began t

7、he 20-minute drive home to her husband and seven-year-old son. She' dust returned from visiting her mother and had traveled theroute many times before. She practically11on autopilot: a left ontoStation Road, then a left on Montauk Highway, and then-wham! Out of nowhere a carT-boned Espositomaniv

8、an,12her to move backward some 100 feet onto therailroad tracks. She 13 in the minivan, bruised （撞傷）but mostly just knockedout by the 14 and the airbags.As it happened, Pete DiPinto was getting ready for 15. He ' d just closed hisbook and was getting under the covers when he heard the sound of m

9、etal on metal and breaking glass coming from not far outside his bedroom window. A volunteer 16 and retired teacher, DiPinto, 64, never 17 to think. He grabbed a flashlight and, still dressed in his pajamas（睡衣），ran out the door. " Anyfirefighter would have done what Idid, "he told Newsday.

10、"Wealways on 18 .”The first car he came upon, 2,000 feet from his front yard, was the one that had 19 Esposito. Once DiPinto concluded the driver was OK, he looked around and 20 Esposito ' s minivan positioned on the the railroad tracks. And then he heard a terrible sound: the bells signali

11、ng an oncoming 21.“Thegates were starting to come down, “ he told Newsday. "see the headlight of the train. DiPinto ran quickly to E sposito misivan and knocked on the driver ' svsideow. She 22 looked at him, her eyes unfocused."I don ' t know where I am,seeistedsaid. Sheunhurt. &q

12、uot;Honey, you' r©n the railroad23,“ DiPinto shouted. We have to getyou off right now!He?pulled hard on the 24, but the door was crashed in and 25.The heavy diesel train, traveling at 65 miles per hour, was moving fast toward them. DiPinto ran to the passenger side and threw open the 26&quo

13、t; Pleasedon' tet her be27, “ he thought. He pushed aside the deflating （癟了 的）airbags, grabbed Esposito ' s arms, and8 her toward him across the passenger seat until he could help her out and quickly get her to 29 behind a signal box a few feet away. Within six seconds, heestimated, the trai

14、n crashed into the minivan. " Itwas like a Hollywood movie, “DiPinto told reporters the next day.But this one had a twist." Last night, " South Country Ambulance chief Greg Miglino toldCBS New York,“ tl30 arrived in pajamas, not in a fire truck.”北京市西城區(qū)2020年4月高三英語第2頁（共11頁）11. A. droveB

15、. walkedC. rodeD. hiked12. A. allowingB. forcingC. orderingD. reminding13. A. satB. stoodC. hidD. waited14. A. actionB. noiseC. impactD. bomb15. A. classB. workC. dinnerD. bed16. A. doctorB. driverC. firefighterD. engineer17 A. stoppedB. troubledC. intendedD. wanted18. A. dutyB. timeC. targetD. sche

16、dule19. A. warnedB. caughtC. hitD. followed20. A. observedB. spottedC. realizedD. predicted21. A. trainB. truckC. carD. ambulance22. A. yetB. justC. stillD. even23. A. yardsB. stationsC. bridgesD. tracks24. A. beltB. keyC. bellD. handle25. A. unlockedB. jammedC. openD. gone26. A. bagB. doorC. bookD.

17、 box27. A. scaredB. ignoredC. trappedD. defeated28. A. carriedB. rushedC. guidedD. pulled29. A. returnB. workC. safetyD. life30. A. policeB. actorC. reporterD. hero第二部分：閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)， 40 分）第一節(jié)（共15 小題；每小題 2 分，共 30 分）閱讀下列短文， 從每題所給的 A 、 B、 C、 D 四個選項中， 選出最佳選項， 并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。AWhat it doesThe self-cleaning door

18、handle is combining with advanced photocatalytic （ 光 催 化 ） and blacklight technology. A light source activates the door s handle coating, telling it to start cleaning. Itcan minimize the risk of infection by contact and improve the cleanliness of a space. How it worksThe working principle of the pro

19、duct is that a thin advanced photocatalytic coating can effectively decompose bacteria （ 細 菌 ） on the surface of a substance. A consistent UV light source inside atransparent glass door handle is required to activate the doors handle coatingon the outer surface for disinfection, so a generator is us

20、ed to provide electricity to light up a UV LED lamp by the motion of an opening and closing door. Then, the door handle can clean by itself.Design processWe made the first version by using stainless steel. However, it caused the door handle to be heavier. Then, we tried aluminum, which made it light

21、 and easy to fix. We also improved the generator output which effectively turned energy from door movement into a light source.How it is differentOur innovative design is simple, effective, and attractive. It has an elegant smooth shape, and its minimalist appearance stands out in today wsorld of in

22、ventions. Nowadays, people use chemical cleaning materials to clean up public areas but it harms the human body. Our design can be used for a long time and is effective. It can self-clean after each use. In the door lock and door handle market, it is a unique design because there are no similar prod

23、ucts.Future plansIn the future, we will commercialize the product and hope that it can compete on the market with similar products. We are going to connect with public properties, for example, shopping malls, hotels, hospitals and public restrooms, where the risk of spreading infection is higher.Awa

24、rdsIn addition to winning the James Dyson Award, it has also received the Gold Award, and in 2016, it was featured in the 44 th International Geneva Inventions Exhibition.31. How does the self-cleaning door handle function?A. It controls the door movement automatically.B. It minimizes the risk of in

25、fection by less contact.C. Chemical cleaning materials are used to clean it up.D. The light source tells the door handle coating to clean itself.32. Compared with the first version of the product, the present one is .A. safer and cheaperB. cleaner and easierC. less heavy and more effectiveD. more at

26、tractive and expensive33. What do we know about the new invention according to the passage?A. It has been widely used in public areas.B. It has received recognition for its innovation.C. It is quite competitive among similar products.D. It will replace traditional chemical cleaning materials.This li

27、ttle South American Magellanic penguin swims 5,000 miles, to a beach in Brazil, every year in order to be reunited with the man who saved its life. It sounds like something out of a fairy tale, but it s true!71-year-old retired brick worker Joao, who lives in anisland village just outside Rio de Jan

28、eiro, Brazil, found the small Magellanic penguin lying on rocks at his local beach in 2011. The penguin was covered in oil and running out of time fast. Joao rescued the penguin, naming it Din, cleaned the oil off its feathers and fed him a daily diet of fish to rebuild its strength. After a week of

29、 recovery, Joao attempted to release the penguin back into the wild. However, Din had already formed a family bond with his rescuer and wouldn leave.' tHe stayed with me for 11 months and then, just after he changed his coat wit h new feathers, he disappeared, " Joao recalls. " I love

30、the penguin like it' s my own child and I believe the penguin lovme," Joao told Globo TV “ No one else is allowed to touch him. He pecks 啄）them if they do. He lies on my lap, lets me give him showe rs, and allows me to feed him.”Professor Krajewski, a biologist who interviewed the fisherman

31、 for Globo TV, told The Independent: "I have never seen anything like this before. I think the penguin believes Joao is part of his family and probably a penguin as well.”However, environmentalists warn that, while hundreds of the Magellanic species are known to naturally migrate （ 遷徙）thousands

32、 of miles north in search of food, there has been a worrying rise in the phenomenon of oceanic creatures washing up on Bra zil ' s beaches. Professor David Zee from Rio de Janeiro ' s State University, said the increase is due in part to global climatic changes. Professor Zee added that sea

33、animals face increased danger from leaked tanker oil.Luckily the ending for Joao and Din has been a happy one, even though it is illegal in Brazil to keep wild animals as pets.Professor Krajewski said: " Professionalswho work with animals try to avoid relationships like this occurring so they a

34、re able to reintroduce the animal into the wild. But in this single case the authorities allowed Din to stay with Joao because of his kindness.”34. Every year Din swims a long distance to a beach in Brazil to .A. avoid being killedB. meet his rescuerC. escape from ocean currentsD. find much more fis

35、h35. When Din was found in 2011,.A. he was dyingB. he was running on the beachC. he was resting on a rockD. he was cleaning oil off his feathers36. What can we learn about Joao from the passage?A. He is not allowed to keep the penguin as a pet by the authorities.B. He overprotects the penguin by kee

36、ping him away from others.C. His contact with the penguin is encouraged by professionals.D. His kindness wins the penguin trust. ' s37. The story in the passage mainly shows.A. the environmental impact on wildlifeB. the love between humans and wildlifeC. the tendency of wildlife to bond with hum

37、ansD. the protection of threatened wildlife by mankindCStore owners have been inventing new tricks to get consumers into their stores and purchasing their goods. Even as we find new strategies to resist, neuroscientists （神經(jīng)科學(xué)家）are employed at marketing agencies across the country to best figure out

38、what is going through a consumer each point in the decision process.We consumers overspend due to the fact that we have a fear of missing the really good deal or having to pay more for the same thing and lose money. Normally, the prefrontal cortex （ 前額皮層）controls our emotional reactions to things, a

39、nd keeps us from acting unreasonably by calming down our fears. But an advertiser can disturb our prefrontal cortex just by displaying flashy deal signs, encouraging it to do math on how much money we might save now by buying more of something we don ' t actually need yet.Nostalgia, that regretf

40、ul affection for past events, is another strong influencer during the holiday season, and it 'ssaped by emotion. Emotion whether good or badenhances the formation of memories, engaging more parts of the brain. So hearing a nephew singing a carol, for instance, might reawaken memories associated

41、with that particular song in a much more powerful way than hearing that same nephew sing another song. These kinds of memories are brought back even more easily by sensory input. This might be why we are often greeted by a sensory reminder everywhere we go in a month.re buyingWherever you purchase g

42、ifts, there are social influences on what you buy as well. The holidays are a time when we are especially conditioned to pay more for the label because we Receiving a brand- name gift sends the message thathis person thas spent more on me, so he or shemust value me more. " And it makes sense. I

43、f two things seem pretty much thesame, how do I know which to choose? Humans have survived as a social species, and we have to rely on each other. So when our brains are trying to make decisions, one of the shortcuts is to assume that if a lot of other people prefer something (and higher cost is oft

44、en a predictor of that), then there must be a reason.Much of our holiday spending is driven by unplanned purchases. Plan ahead, resist the urge to purchase in the moment, make notes for comparison shopping, and if the deal is actually good, then it will hold up to inspection and you ' lfeel good

45、 about your purchases later. Before you blow your budget this season, remember that your brain might be fooling you into that next purchase.38. From Paragraph 2, we learn that.A. the prefrontal cortex is the calculation centerB. the common consumers always act unreasonablyC. the sight of flashy deal

46、 signs may fill consumers with fearD. the advertisers make consumers pay more for the same thing39. According to Paragraph 3, which of the following can work on consumers?A. Creating a festival atmosphere.C. Preparing more free samples.B. Following the current fashion.D. Offering a bigger discount.4

47、0. Why do we buy brand-name gifts during the holiday?A. They are more reliable.B. They are a sign of social status.C. They make people feel valued.D. They are favored by most people.41. To avoid overspending, the author suggests we.A. buy in the momentB. reduce our budgetC. return unnecessary produc

48、tsD. make a plan in advanceDThe Impossible Burger is entirely free of meat. But it looks, smells, feels and-most importantly tastes so much like real hamburger beef. In fact, plant-based burger alternatives have set off a strong resistance from the beef industry. The Center for Consumer Freedom, a n

49、onprofit that advocates on behalf of the fast food and meat industries has launched an a informational campaign targeting plant-based meats. The campaign has included TV and online ads, as well as print ads in newspapers. The ads seem to imply that not only is an artificial burger too processed, but

50、 that it might be even less healthy than the average beef burger.While it ' s true that a plaasted meat alternative is processed and it ' s true that eating one is not as healthy as a pile of raw vegetables, it ' s best to take the ads with a generous pinch of saltFor instance, the addit

51、ives and preservatives in plant-based meat highlighted in one ad sure sound scary. Who wants something called titanium dioxide （ 二氧化鈦 ）in their meal? But the truth is that additives such as those listed in the ads are regularly used in all sorts of packaged foods. And if methylcellulose, a food thic

52、kener, sounds unpleasant, itng compsreawithcslalmonella （ 沙門菌）poisoning you can get from regular meat.Also, the ad campaign misses the bigger point. Choosing an Impossible or Beyond burger isn ' t just about eating healthy. Burgers, whether they are made from processed pea protein oprocessed mea

53、t, will never be as healthy as organic raw vegetables.What' s appealing is the prospect of enjoying a juicy burger without the bitter aftertaste of guilt.Let ' s face it, there are huge environmental costs to eating cows. Cattle raising is cont ributing toclimate change, and not just because

54、 methane （甲 烷）from cows and cattle is responsible for about 14.5% of greenhouse gas. More broadly, our global food production system releases more than a third of the world ' greenhouse gases. Yet we can ' seem to control our meat appetite even knowing that large areas of the Amazon forest h

55、ave been ruined, and continue to be cut down to make room for more cattle to feed the growing demand for beef. Humans also know full well that many animals live short, cruel lives in awful conditions for the purpose of becoming foods for humans to enjoy at dinner.A plant-based meat that satisfies me

56、at desires and delivers protein but with a smaller climate footprint is a potential environmental game changer and the reason Impossible Foods was one of those receiving the U.N. Global Climate Action Award in 2019. No wonder the meat industry is on guard.42. What does the underlined sentence in Par

57、agraph 2 most probably mean?A. These ads deserve little consideration.B. We should spread the message of these ads.C. Wd （better be cautious when reading these ads.D. These ads tell people a lot about plant-based burgers.43. What do we know about additives and preservatives in plant-based burgers?A.

58、 They are likely to cause poisoning.B. Their use is within the normal range.C. Some have not been used in hamburgers.D. They are used to ensure burgers taste good.44. What is the author ' s attitude towardbasedtburgers?A. Supportive.B. Neutral.C. Disapproving. D. Doubtful.45. Which of the following shows the development of ideas in the passage?A.B.C.D.PIPIP21: IntroductionP: Point Sp: Sub-point （次要點） C: Conclusion第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，共10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的七個選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多 余選項。Fashion and IdentityFor hundreds of years people have put some mess