專業(yè)英語 詞匯

1、1.The Engineering Professionoccupation 職業(yè)mining and metallurgical engineer礦業(yè)&冶金工程師practical application 實(shí)際應(yīng)用theoretical science 理論科學(xué)inclined plane 斜面experimental method to verify theory 用實(shí)驗(yàn)方法驗(yàn)證理論mechanical advantage 機(jī)械增益work 做功power 動(dòng)力；功率civil engineering 土木工程hydraulic engineering 水利工程sanitary o

2、r environment engineering 公共衛(wèi)生及環(huán)境工程sewer system 下水道系統(tǒng)trial and error 反復(fù)試錯(cuò)/試錯(cuò)法engineering specialty 工程專業(yè)petroleum engineering 原油工程aerospace engineering 航空航天工程electronic engineering 電子工程apprenticeship 學(xué)徒期operate or maintain 操作及維護(hù)be aware of 意識(shí)到engineering specialty 工程專業(yè)2、Industry and Technologylaws of

3、 nature 自然法則season sth 風(fēng)干finish 精加工（拋光、上漆）；光潔度functional requirement 功能性要求material requirements 材料要求visual requirements 視覺要求durability 耐用性elements and principles of design設(shè)計(jì)基礎(chǔ)&原理color and texture 顏色和紋理unity 一致性variety 多樣性proportion 比例性cottage industry 小作坊mass-production 批量生產(chǎn)3、Modern Manufacturin

4、gessential of industry 工業(yè)要素material resources 物資資源human resources 人力資源capital resources 資金資源raw material原材料finished product 成品process加工工藝logical pattern 邏輯圖die maker 模工jig 夾具（定位夾具）fixture夾具（工件安裝夾具）milling fixtures 銑床夾具lathe fixtures 車床夾具grinding fixtures 磨床夾具assembly fixtures 裝配夾具routing 加工工序schedul

5、ing 時(shí)刻表，進(jìn)度表dispatching 生產(chǎn)調(diào)度plant layout 工廠布局go/no-go gauge 止通規(guī)4、Agile Manufacturingagile manufacturing 敏捷制造brief overview 簡(jiǎn)要概述competitive advantage 競(jìng)爭(zhēng)優(yōu)勢(shì)dynamic teams 動(dòng)態(tài)團(tuán)隊(duì)virtual corporation 虛擬合作adaptability and versatility 適用性&通用性lead time 訂貨到交貨的時(shí)間just-in-time 準(zhǔn)時(shí)overhead cost 管理費(fèi)用5、Lean Producti

6、onlean production 精益生產(chǎn)logistics organization 物流機(jī)構(gòu)supply chains 供應(yīng)鏈6、Virtual Manufacturingvirtual manufacturing 虛擬制造model and simulation 建模與仿真common data model 通用數(shù)據(jù)模型template 模板nature/ property /performance/ characteristic 特性，特征high-speed processing line 高速加工流水線consumer goods industry 消費(fèi)品工業(yè)web-based

7、collaboration tools 基于網(wǎng)絡(luò)的協(xié)同工具sustainable competitive advantage 可持續(xù)的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)優(yōu)勢(shì)7、Concurrent Engineering concurrent engineering 并行工程meet pre-determined objectives 完成預(yù)定目標(biāo)cross-function cooperation 交叉功能合作8、General considerationsprime mover原動(dòng)（機(jī)）件windmill 風(fēng)車waterwheel 水車turbine 渦輪機(jī)steam engine 蒸汽機(jī)internal-combus

8、tion engine內(nèi)燃機(jī)electric generator 發(fā)電機(jī)hydraulic pump 液壓泵air compressor 空氣壓縮機(jī)materials processing machinery 材料加工機(jī)械generator 發(fā)生器motor 馬達(dá)，電動(dòng)機(jī)；engine 引擎，發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)operator 工作機(jī)power plant 電廠automobile 汽車rotate 旋轉(zhuǎn)cylinder缸體crankshaft 曲軸（crank曲柄）piston 活塞burned gases廢氣wedging action斜楔作用（wedge principle斜楔原理）slider-c

9、rank mechanism 曲柄滑塊機(jī)構(gòu)four-stroke-cycle engine with eight cylinders八缸四沖程引擎inertia 慣性torque 扭矩、轉(zhuǎn)矩speed fluctuation速度波動(dòng)stall失速、熄火clutch 離合器transmission變速箱（ratio速比；rate速率）rear axle housing 后橋殼universal joint 萬向接頭spring 彈簧flywheel 飛輪shaft 軸fastener 緊固件constrained parts約束部件distinctive 顯著的，明顯的friction 摩擦st

10、iffness 剛度mass 質(zhì)量，大批量displacement 位移velocity 速度acceleration 加速度velocity ratio 速比power 功率 work 功 speed reducer 減速器load 負(fù)載， effort 作用力9、The simple Machine lever杠桿fulcrum 支點(diǎn)leverage principle 杠桿原理spoked wheel 輻輪screwdriver 起子、螺絲刀pulley 帶輪、滑輪rim 輪緣loose end 松端 of its own accord自行的，自然而然的fall out 脫落drill

11、鉆頭reamer 鉸刀machine tool spindle 機(jī)床主軸screw 螺旋thread 螺紋lead 導(dǎo)程lead angle 導(dǎo)程角screw-nut combination 絲桿螺母組合rectilinear motion 直線運(yùn)動(dòng)force amplifier 省力裝置screw jack 千斤頂high efficiency 高效self-locking 自鎖fastening device 緊固裝置screw conveyor 螺旋輸送器twist drill 麻花鉆exert an influence on對(duì)施加影響10、Mechanisms intersection

12、 交點(diǎn)common normal 公法線common tangent 公切線line of the center 中心線pure rolling contact 純滾動(dòng)conjugate profile 共軛輪廓cycloid 擺線involute 漸開線tooth profile 齒廓pitch point 節(jié)點(diǎn)pitch circle分度圓（節(jié)圓）base circle 基圓positive drive 強(qiáng)制驅(qū)動(dòng)equally spaced 等間距truncated cone 截錐11、Gearsease of manufacture制造的難易程度sensitivity of maladj

13、ustment 對(duì)失調(diào)的敏感性load-carrying capacity 承載能力center-distance variation 中心距變化Hob 滾刀Pinion 小齒輪 /gear 大齒輪Tooth profile 齒廓region of tooth engagement 齒輪嚙合區(qū)tooth輪齒；gear齒輪interchangeability 互換性tooth element 齒素線spur gear 直齒輪helical gear斜齒輪 bevel gears 錐齒輪worm gears 蝸輪蝸桿planetary and differential gears 行星齒輪和差動(dòng)（

14、差速）齒輪planetary gears行星齒輪ordinary gear train定軸齒輪系gear train齒輪系backlash 側(cè)隙、 回程誤差pitch circle 分度圓 circular pitch 周節(jié)axial thrust 軸向推力single-thread worms 單頭蝸桿lead angle 導(dǎo)程角multiple-thread worms 多頭蝸桿gear trains and reducers 齒輪輪系和減速器speed reducers 減速器12、CAMScams 凸輪inverse cam mechanism 逆凸輪機(jī)構(gòu)angular increme

15、nt 角增量linear increment 線增量uniformly accelerated and retarded motion 勻加速、勻減速運(yùn)動(dòng)harmonic motion簡(jiǎn)諧運(yùn)動(dòng)simple pendulum單擺13、Linkageslinkage 連桿機(jī)構(gòu)link 連桿degree of freedom 自由度four-bar mechanism 四桿機(jī)構(gòu)drag-link mechanism= double-crank mechanism 雙曲柄機(jī)構(gòu)crank-rocker mechanism 曲柄搖桿機(jī)構(gòu)initial position 初始位置extreme positi

16、on 極限位置dead position 死點(diǎn)位置angular momentum 角沖量linkage synthesis 連桿機(jī)構(gòu)合成graphical and analytical method 繪圖法和解析法quick-return device 急回作用quick-return ratio 急回速比double-rocker mechanism 雙搖桿機(jī)構(gòu)function generator 函數(shù)發(fā)生器inversions 機(jī)架變換stroke 行程，沖程throw of the crank 曲軸偏心距、偏移量eccentric-and-rod mechanism 偏心輪連桿機(jī)構(gòu)sp

17、ace linkage 空間連桿機(jī)構(gòu)kinematic pair 運(yùn)動(dòng)副turning pair 轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)副prismatic pair移動(dòng)副cylinder pair 圓柱副screw pair螺旋副spheric pair球面副14、Belt Drivebelt drive 帶傳動(dòng)flat belt 平皮帶creep 蠕變initial tension 初張力V belts V型帶（三角帶）V-shaped cross section fitting V型橫截面grooved belt多楔帶timing belt 同步齒形帶transverse teeth 橫向齒15、Couplings, C

18、lutches, Breakscoupling 聯(lián)軸器 rigid coupling 剛性聯(lián)軸器 flexible coupling 撓性聯(lián)軸器clutch 離合器break 制動(dòng)器windings 繞組lineshaft 主傳動(dòng)軸forward and reverse rotations 正轉(zhuǎn)和反轉(zhuǎn)coefficient of friction 摩擦系數(shù)16、Bearingslost power 虛功film 膜ring 座圈（inner ring內(nèi)圈；outer ring外圈）rolling elements 滾動(dòng)體cage = separator = retainer 保持架single

19、-row radial ball bearing 單列徑向球軸承cylindrical roller bearing滾柱軸承needle bearing 滾針軸承tapered-roller bearing 圓錐滾子軸承spherical-roller bearing 球面滾子軸承ball thrust bearing 推力球軸承straight-roller thrust bearing 圓柱滾子推力軸承tapered-roller thrust bearing 圓錐滾子推力軸承l(wèi)inear-motion rolling bearing 直線軸承g(shù)as bearing 氣體軸承self-in

20、duced aerodynamics film 自感應(yīng)空氣動(dòng)力膜journal bearing 軸頸軸承jewel bearing 寶石軸承sleeve bearing 套筒軸承aerodynamic（aerostatic）film 空氣動(dòng)力（靜力）膜helium 氦hydrogen 氫nitrogen 氮journal bearing 軸頸軸承planetary motion 行星運(yùn)動(dòng)hybrid 混合的V-shaped notch V型槽Standardized off-the-shelf units標(biāo)準(zhǔn)成品Life expectancy 期望壽命（expectancy-平均值）Close

21、 limits 狹窄的尺寸限（即尺寸精度高）Wrist pins 活塞銷Joints 接頭Suspension system 懸掛系統(tǒng)Relative sliding 相對(duì)滑動(dòng)17、Design Engineer and Design Methodologyregimental discipline 系統(tǒng)化學(xué)科inner manifestations 內(nèi)在表現(xiàn)creative urge 創(chuàng)造欲望personal design methodology 個(gè)人設(shè)計(jì)方法basic guidelines 基本指導(dǎo)方針layout design 總體設(shè)計(jì)design follow-up 后續(xù)設(shè)計(jì)docum

22、entation 技術(shù)文獻(xiàn)18、Creative Designcreative design 創(chuàng)新設(shè)計(jì)emergent concept 新興概念constructive induction 結(jié)構(gòu)歸納inferential theory of leaning 學(xué)習(xí)推演論routine design 常規(guī)設(shè)計(jì)19、Mechanical Engineering Designsolid mechanics 固體力學(xué)empirical information 經(jīng)驗(yàn)信息professional judgment 專業(yè)判斷stress-strain-strength relationship 應(yīng)力/變 強(qiáng)度

23、關(guān)系20、Introduction to Drawing visible line 可見輪廓線hidden line 不可見輪廓線dimension line 尺寸線extension line 尺寸界線center line 中心線cutting-plane line 剖面位置線section line 剖面線break line 斷開線phantom line 假想輪廓線orthographic projection 正交投影sectional view 剖視圖dimensioning 尺寸標(biāo)注size dimension 定形尺寸location dimension 定位尺寸assemb

24、ly drawing 裝配圖mass production 批量生產(chǎn)21、Metal Materialshardness 硬度tensile strength 抗拉強(qiáng)度compressive strength 抗壓強(qiáng)度fatigue strength 疲勞強(qiáng)度ductility 延展性toughness 韌性elasticity 彈性ferrous metals黑色金屬nonferrous metals 有色金屬alloys 合金carbon content 含碳量metallurgy 礦業(yè)&冶金工業(yè)microstructure 微結(jié)構(gòu)coke 焦炭iron ore 鐵礦石limest

25、one 石灰石charge 爐料hot-rolled steel（HRS）熱軋鋼cold-rolled steel（CRS）冷軋鋼working hard 加工硬化sterling silver 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)純銀aluminum 鋁heat-treating 熱處理tool steel 工具鋼anneal 退火temper 回火case hardening 表面硬化scale 氧化皮quench 淬火/淬硬22、Five Basic Machining TechniquesDrilling and boring鉆鏜Turning 車削Planing 刨M(fèi)illing 銑Grinding 磨Shaper

26、 牛頭刨Planer 龍門刨horizontal lathe 臥式車床vertical lathe 立式車床headstock 主軸箱tailstock 尾架，尾座tool-post 刀架cross-slide 十字滑板（溜板）saddle = carriage （馬鞍型）軌道center 頂尖machine tool 機(jī)床turret 轉(zhuǎn)塔（五角or六角形）feed box 進(jìn)給箱twist drill 麻花鉆gear mechanism齒輪機(jī)構(gòu)spindle 主軸workpiece 工件cutting speed 切削速度surface finish 表面光潔度roughing cut 粗

27、加工finishing cut 精加工jaws 卡爪chuck卡盤drilling 鉆boring 鏜screw-cutting 螺紋切削transverse movement 橫向運(yùn)動(dòng)engage 嚙合lead-screw 絲杠tap 絲攻pitch 螺距pitch of the threads 螺紋的螺距pitch circle分度圓reversing lever 反向操縱桿23、LaserMachininghighly directional 高單向性coherent 相干的propagate 傳播intense 強(qiáng)度（光強(qiáng)），區(qū)別于strengthsolid laser 固體激光gas

28、 laser 氣體激光semiconductor laser 半導(dǎo)體激光liquid laser 液體激光laser-beam machining （LBM）激光束機(jī)加工gas welding 氣焊arc welding 氬弧焊resistance welding 電阻焊laser welding激光焊24、Computeranalog computer模擬計(jì)算機(jī)digital computer 數(shù)字計(jì)算機(jī)integrated circuit 集成電路hardware 硬件central processing unit（CPU）中央處理器input device（IO）輸入設(shè)備storage

29、device存儲(chǔ)設(shè)備output device輸出設(shè)備operating system操作系統(tǒng)programming編程assembly language匯編語言binary-based 二進(jìn)制基礎(chǔ)的parallel processing并行處理25、Development History of Computer Useinteractive computer-aided design交互式計(jì)算機(jī)輔助設(shè)計(jì)real-time capability實(shí)時(shí)能力computer aided design計(jì)算機(jī)輔助設(shè)計(jì)（CAD）computer aided manufacturing 計(jì)算機(jī)輔助制造（CA

30、M）26、Computer Integrated Manufacturing （CIM）computer integrated manufacturing計(jì)算機(jī)集成制造inventory information 庫存信息computer integrated production planning & control計(jì)算機(jī)集成制造計(jì)劃與控制manufacturing management 制造管理27、Automationprincipal means主要方法automation自動(dòng)化spot welding點(diǎn)焊spray painting噴漆feedback control syst

31、em反饋控制系統(tǒng)decision-making 決策building block結(jié)構(gòu)單元adaptive control 適應(yīng)控制error detection and recovery 誤差檢測(cè)與修復(fù)flexible柔性的（反義詞：rigid）instruction 指令human intervention 認(rèn)為干預(yù)28、Artificial Intelligence artificial intelligence 人工智能character recognition特征識(shí)別knowledge acquisition 知識(shí)獲取decision-making algorithm決策算法29、MechatronicsMechatronics 機(jī)電一體化/機(jī)電工程Mechatronics engineering機(jī)電工程Sensor-based feedback system基于傳感器的反饋系統(tǒng)E