中考英語同義詞、近義詞、相似詞語辨析

1、中考英語同義詞、近義詞、相似詞語辨析郝小興選擇填空。1. He a lot of time playing computer games on weekends.A. takes B. costs C. pays D. spends2. The clothes in that shop are quite beautiful, but most of them too much.A. pay B. spend C. take D. cost3. We will Beijing at about five oclok tomorrowmorning.A. arrive at B. arrive

2、in C. reach to D. get4. Today Jim his white shirt and brown trousers.A. is putting on B. is wearing C. is dressing D. in5. Is the woman yellow your teacher?A. in B. putting on C. wearing D. dressing6.Bob, may I your MP4?Sure. But youd better not it to others.A. keep; lend B. lend; borrow C. borrow;

3、keep D. borrow; lend7. Dont forget to “Thank you” when someone opens the door for you.A. tell B. say C. speak D. talk8.Our newspaper represents the of the people.A. shout B. noise C. voice D. cry9. Lets get some about tourism on the Internet.A. information B. message C. invention D. book10.Could you

4、 give me two on how to learn English well? Sure.A. suggestions B. messages C. information D. advice11. Were busy because we have so housework to do today.A. few B. little C. many D. much12. There is milk at home. We have to buy some this afternoon.A. a little B. little C. a few D. few13. Id like gra

5、pes and pears. Oh, I only need orange juice.A. some; a few B. a few; some C. a little; few D. a little; a few14. I invited Joe and Linda to dinner, but of them came.A. neither B. either C. none D. both15.Theres coffee and tea; you can have . Thanks.A. either B. each C. one D. it16.“Have try, you are

6、 so close to the answer,”the teacher said to Eric.A. the other B. one another C. other D. another17. My sister has two skirts. One is yellow; is black.A. other B. another C. others D. the other18. We dont have enough nurses to look after the patients. At least are needed.A. tn another nurses B. more

7、 ten nurses C. other ten nurses D. another ten nurses19. Sam looks like his dad. They are tall.A. either B. any C. all D. both20. Which of the two Tshirts will you take?Ill take , one for my brother, the other for myself.A. either B. neither C. all D. both21.What the number of the students in your s

8、chool?About two thousands. A number of them from England.A. is ; are B. is ; is C. are ; is D. are ; are22. the teachers in their school is about 200 and one fourth of them are teachers.A. A number of ; women B.A number of ; womanC. The number of ; women D. The number of ; woman23.Guess how much it

9、costs? I think it costs 15 and 20 dollars.A. from B. between C. among D.with24.What do you often do classes to relax yourself? Listen to music.A. over B. among C. between D. through25.The cake looks . Yes, and it tastes even _.A. well ; good B.nice ; better C. good; worse D. better; best26. I didnt

10、sleep _ last night. I feel tired now.A. well B. nice C. fine D. good27._ do you visit your grandparents? Once a week.A. How long B. How often C. How soon D. How many28._ will the 30th London Olympic Games be held, do you know? In two years.A. How long B. How often C. How soon D.How much29.Granny, yo

11、u look so weak. Whats wrong with you? Terrible. The factory made _ noise. It was _ noisy that I couldnt sleep well last night.A. too much; so B. much too; so C. too much; tooD. too much; much too30.Has John come _? Yes. He has _ been here for 10 minutes.A. yet ; already B. already ; yet C. already ;

12、 already D. yet ; yet【辨析與講解】 1.spend，take，cost，paySpend的賓語通常是時間、金錢。在主動語態(tài)中，句子的主語必須是人，而且后面不能用動詞不定式作賓語。如：She spent the whole evening（in）reading.她把整個晚上用來讀書。take常用來指“花費”時間，句子的主語通常是表示事物的詞。如：How long will this job take you？你做這項工作要花多長時間？cost指花費時間、金錢或力氣等，只能用表示事物的詞作主語，且不能用于被動語態(tài)。如：How much does the jacket cost

13、？這件夾克多少錢？pay主要指主語（某人）買某物（或為某事）付多少錢（給某人）。如：I pay for my rooms by month.我按月支付房租。2. arrive，get，reach三者均可表示“到達”，arrive后通常接介詞at（一般用于較小的地方）或in（一般用于較大的地方）。如：We arrived at the station five minutes late.我們晚了5分鐘到達車站。get 之后通常接介詞to。如：When we got to the park，it began to rain.我們到達公園時，就開始下雨了。reach是及物動詞（較get更正式），其后

14、可直接跟地點名詞作賓語（后面不能接介詞）。如：He reached Beijing yesterday.他昨天到達北京。3.speak，say，talk，tell這四個動詞都有“說”的意思。speak的意思是“講話；演講”，著重指說話的動作，指開口說或連續(xù)不斷地說，多用作不及物動詞；用作及物動詞時，其賓語常是表示語言的詞。如：He can speak Japanese.他會說日語。Say的意思是“說；講”，一般用作及物動詞，著重指說話的內(nèi)容，它的賓語可以是名詞、代詞或直接引語等。如：She says，“Dont draw on the wall!”她說：“別在墻上畫畫”！Talk的意思是“說；

15、講；談話”，與speak的意義比較接近，但不如speak正式，著重強調(diào)兩人之間的相互談話，也可指單方面的講話。如：She is talking with John in English.她正在和約翰用英語交談。tell意為“告訴；講述；吩咐”，多指以口頭方式將某事告訴某人，常接雙賓語。除為story，news，truth，joke，lie（謊言）等直接賓語外，還可以接人等間接賓語。如：She is telling the children a story.她正在給孩子們講故事。4.bring，take，carry，fetch這四個詞都是動詞，都含有“帶”或“拿”的意思，但使用的場合各不相同。b

16、ring作“帶來；拿來”解。如：Next time dont forget to bring me a copy of your work.下次不要忘了帶一份你的作品給我。take是bring的對語，作“帶去，拿去”解。如：Take the box away，please.請把盒子拿走。Carry表示“運載；攜帶”，運送的方式很多，可以用車、船，也可以用手甚至用頭。如：This bus is licensed to carry 100 passengers.這輛巴士可以載一百人。fetch表示“去拿來”。如：Please fetch me the documents in that room.

17、請到那個房間去把文件給我拿來。5.wear，put on，in，dressWear意為“穿著；戴著”，強調(diào)穿的狀態(tài)。如：I often wear white trousers.我經(jīng)常穿白褲子。put on意為“穿上；戴上”，強調(diào)穿的動作，其賓語是衣服、鞋、帽等。如：Its very cold outside.Youd better put on your coat.外面很冷，你最好穿上外套。in是介詞，表示“穿著；戴著”，后接“衣服或顏色”，由它所構(gòu)成的短語只能作表語或定語。如：He was in a new black coat.他穿著黑色的新外套。dress表示動作或狀態(tài)，常跟人作賓語，意

18、為“給穿衣”。如：Could you please help me dress the children？你能幫我給孩子們穿上衣服嗎？【注意】當(dāng)dress表示狀態(tài)時，一般用be dressed in。6.borrow，lend，keepborrow意為“借入”，表示主語向別人借東西，是短暫性動詞，不能和表示時間段的狀語連用。常用于borrow sth. from sb.結(jié)構(gòu)。如：I borrowed a pen from her.我向她借了一支鋼筆。lend 意為“借出”，表示主語把東西借給別人，常用于lend sb.sth.或lend sth. to sb.結(jié)構(gòu)如：Could you len

19、d me some money？=Could you lend some money to me？你能借我一些錢嗎？keep在表示“借”時，是延續(xù)性動詞，通常表示“借某物多長時間”，多接for短語表示時間。如：How long can I keep the book？這本書我能借多少時間？You can keep it for a week.你可以借一個星期。7.noise，voice，soundSound作“聲音”解，含義最廣，指可以聽到的任何聲音。如：a weak sound 微弱的聲音noise 作“噪音；嘈雜聲；吵鬧聲”解，指不悅耳、不和諧的聲音。它既可作可數(shù)名詞，也可作不可數(shù)名詞。如

20、：Another kind of pollution is noise.另外一種污染是噪音。Voice 作“聲音”解時，多指人發(fā)出的聲音，包括說話聲、歌聲和笑聲。如：He shouted at the top of voice.他高聲呼喊。有時也用于引申意義，作“意見、發(fā)言權(quán)”解。如：I have no voice in the matter.對于這件事，我沒有發(fā)言權(quán)。8.information,messageInformation 是不可數(shù)名詞，指通過學(xué)習(xí)、閱讀、觀察等而得到的“情報；消息”。如：He wanted to get some new information for the co

21、mputers.他想得到一些有關(guān)計算機的新信息。message 意為“音信”，一般指口頭傳送或書寫的“消息”，是可數(shù)名詞。如：Ill leave a message on his desk.我會在他桌上留個字條。注意：“兩條信息”可表示為：two pieces of information或two messages.9.few,a few,little, a little, several,somefew 和little的意思是否定的,表示“很少”或“幾乎沒有”；而 a few和a little的意思是肯定的，表示“有一些，有一點兒”。 few和a few修飾可數(shù)名詞；little和a lit

22、tle修飾不可數(shù)名詞。Several用于修飾可數(shù)名詞，語意比a few和some 更肯定，含有“好幾個”的意思。some可修飾可數(shù)名詞，也可修飾不可數(shù)名詞。10both,either,neitherboth意為“（兩者）都”， either意為“（兩者中）任意一個” neither意為“（兩者）都不”。如：He has two daughters;both of them are beautiful.他有兩個女兒；兩個都漂亮。He has two daughters; eithe of them are beautiful.他有兩個女兒；每個長得都很漂亮。He has two daughter

23、s;neither of them is beautiful.他有兩個女兒，兩個都不漂亮。它們既可用作代詞，也可作形容詞。用作形容詞時，both后接復(fù)數(shù)名詞，而either和neither之后要接單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞。注意：三者用作代詞并作主語時，both 之后的謂語動詞通常用復(fù)數(shù)形式，either和neither之后的謂語動詞通常用單數(shù)形式。11.other,another,the other,any otherother泛指“其他的，另外的”，復(fù)數(shù)形式others 表示“另一些”，each other 表示“相互”。如：Shall we make it some other time?我們能否定其

24、他時間？Some of us like singing and dancig,others prefer sports.我們中有些人喜歡唱歌跳舞，而另一些人則喜愛運動。another表示不定數(shù)目中的另一個，意為“再一，又一”，一般接單數(shù)名詞。但如果another后有few 或具體數(shù)詞時，可接復(fù)數(shù)名詞。如：I want another student to help me.我需要另外一個學(xué)生來幫助我。I want to eat another two apples.我想再吃兩個蘋果。the other指“兩者中的另一個”，onethe other表示“一個另一個”。the other 也可指將某

25、一整體為兩部分時，所提到的另一個部分，此時它可修飾復(fù)數(shù)名詞。any other常用作形容詞，其后跟可數(shù)名詞的單數(shù)形式；作“無論哪一個，哪一些”講時，其后跟名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式。如：He is taller than any other student in his class.他比他們班上任何其他的學(xué)生都要高。12.a number of,the number ofa number of的意思是“許多的，大量的”，相當(dāng)于many/ a lot of,后跟可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)。a number of作主語時，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。如：A number of foreignes are learning Chine

26、se.許多外國人正在學(xué)漢語。the number of的意思是“的數(shù)量/數(shù)目”，該結(jié)構(gòu)與名詞連用時，中心詞是the number，作主語時，謂語動詞要用單數(shù)形式。如：The number of giant pandas is getting smaller and smaller because their living areas are becoming farmlands.大熊貓的數(shù)量越來越少，因為它們的生活區(qū)域被變?yōu)檗r(nóng)田。13.among，betweenbetween的意思是“在中間，在之間”，一般指在兩者之間。如：There is a table between two windows.在兩扇窗戶之間有