初中賓語從句講解練習(xí)及答案(共7頁)

1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上(一). 賓語從句的種類賓語從句是一種名詞性從句，在句中作及物動詞的賓語，或介詞的賓語，或形容詞的賓語。根據(jù)引導(dǎo)賓語從句的不同連詞，賓語從句可分為三類。1. 由that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。That只有語法作用，沒有實(shí)在的意義，在口語和非正式文體中可以省略。例如：He said (that) he wanted to stay at home.She doesnt know (that) she is seriously ill.I am sure (that) he will succeed.2. 由連接代詞who, whom, whose, what, which和連接

2、副詞when, where, why, how引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。這些連接代詞和連接副詞在賓語從句中充當(dāng)某個成分。例如：Do you know who (whom) they are waiting for? He asked whose handwriting was the best.Can you tell me where the No.3 bus stop is? I dont know why the train is late.3. 由if或whether引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。If和whether在句中的意思是“是否”。例如：I want to know if (whether) he l

3、ives there.He asked me whether (if) I could help him.(二). 賓語從句的語序賓語從句的語序應(yīng)為陳述句的語序。例如：I hear (that) physics isnt easy.I think (that) you will like this school soon.Can you tell me how I can get to zoo?Please tell me when well have the meeting.(三). 賓語從句的時態(tài)1. 如果主句的時態(tài)是一般現(xiàn)在時，賓語從句該用什麼時態(tài)就用什麼時態(tài)。如：I dont thin

4、k (that) you are right.Please tell us where he is.Can you tell me how I can get to the railway station?2. 如果主句的時態(tài)是一般過去時，賓語從句只能用相應(yīng)的過去時態(tài)（一般過去時， 過去進(jìn)行時， 過去將來時，過去完成時）。例如：He asked what time it was.He told me that he was preparing for the sports meet.He asked if you had written to Peter.He said that he wou

5、ld go back to the U.S. soon.3. 如果賓語從句所陳述的是客觀真理，其時態(tài)常用一般現(xiàn)在時。例如：Our teacher said that January is the first month of the year.Scientists have proved that the earth turns around the sun.(四).直接引語與間接引語引述別人的原話叫直接引語，用自己的話轉(zhuǎn)述別人的話叫間接引語。這兩種引語都是賓語從句，但直接引語放在引號內(nèi)，不用連詞連接；間接引語不用引號，通常用連詞與主句聯(lián)接。直接引語變間接引語：1、變?nèi)朔Q（動詞的變化可根據(jù)實(shí)際

6、情況，可用say, tell, ask, beg等）如果從句中的主語時第一人稱或被第一人稱所修飾。從句中的人稱要按照主句的人稱變化。She said, “My brother wants to go shopping with me.”She said her brother wanted to go shopping with her.如果從句中的主語或賓語是第二人稱或被第二人稱所修飾。從句中的人稱要跟引號外的主句的賓語一致。如果引號外的主句沒有賓語，也可以用第一人稱。He said to Kate, “How is your sister now?”He asked to Kate how

7、 her sister was then.He said, “You are too clever.” He said to me I was too clever. He said he was too clever.He asked, “Is your father older than your mother?” He asked me if my father is older than my mother.如果從句中的主語或賓語是第三人稱或被第三人稱所修飾，從句中的人稱一般不需要變化。Mr. Smith said, “Jack (he) is a good student.” Mr.

8、 Smith said Jack (he) was a good boy.2、變時態(tài)主句時態(tài)為一般過去時，直接引語變間接引語時態(tài)要做相應(yīng)的變化：一般現(xiàn)在時變?yōu)橐话氵^去時, 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時變?yōu)檫^去進(jìn)行時, 一般將來時變?yōu)檫^去將來時現(xiàn)在完成時變?yōu)檫^去完成時, 一般過去時變?yōu)檫^去完成時, 過去完成時仍為過去完成時過去進(jìn)行時仍為過去進(jìn)行時 某些代詞，限定詞，表示時間或地點(diǎn)的副詞和個別動詞在間接引語中的變化規(guī)則如下： 直接引語 間接引語 today that day now then, at that moment yesterday the day before the day before yester

9、day two days before tomorrow the next day / the following day the day after tomorrow two days after, / in two days next week/ month etc the next week/month etc last week/ month etc the week / month etc. before here there this that these those come go bring take 以下情況時態(tài)不變主句時態(tài)為各種現(xiàn)在時或一般將來時He says, “I cl

10、eaned the room.” He says he cleaned the room.直接引語是客觀真理The teacher said, “The earth moves around the sun.” The teacher said the earth moves around the sun.直接引語中的情態(tài)動詞沒有過去式或已為過去式The doctor said, “You should stay in bed for 2 days.” The doctor said I should better stay in bed for 2 days.直接引語中有具體的過去某年、某月

11、、某日作狀語Jack said, “I was born on April 21, 1980.” Jack said he was born on April 21, 1980.直接引語如果是一般現(xiàn)在時，表示一種反復(fù)出現(xiàn)或習(xí)慣性的動作，變成間接引語時態(tài)不變。 He said, “I get up at six every morning.” He said he gets up at six every morning.3、變狀語時間狀語變化：now 變?yōu)閠hen；yesterday變?yōu)閠he day before; today 變?yōu)閠hat day.He said, “I want to g

12、o swimming now.” He said he wanted to go swimming then.地點(diǎn)狀語變化(尤其表示方向性的)：here 變?yōu)閠hereHe said, “You should come here at 7:00.” He said I should go there at 7:00.指示代詞變化：this 變?yōu)閠hatHe said, “This book is mine.” He said that book was his.4、變句型陳述句變?yōu)橐詔hat引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。He said, “Im very glad.” He said that he was

13、 very glad.一般疑問句變?yōu)橐詉f(whether)引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。He said, “Can you come this afternoon, John?” He asked if (whether) John could come that afternoon.特殊疑問句變?yōu)橛蓋ho, what, when等疑問句引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。He said, “Where is Mr. Wang?” He said where Mr. Wang was.直接引語是祈使句變?yōu)閠ell（ask, order, beg等）sb. (not) to do sth.句型“Open the door, p

14、lease,” said she. (Mary said) She asked him (me) to open the door.直接引語是lets開頭的祈使句，變?yōu)殚g接引語時，通常用“suggest +動名詞或從句He said, “Lets go to see the movies.” He suggested going to see the movies. He suggested that they should go to see the movies.練習(xí) 一、單想選擇1. Do you know _ during the coming summer holiday? A. w

15、hat will Tom do B. what did Tom do C. what Tom will do D. what Tom did2. I want to know_. A. what is his name B. whats his name C. that his name is D. what his name is3. Do you know _ I could pass the exam? A. that B. whether C. what D. which4. Jim doesnt understand _. A. which is the way to the mus

16、eum B. why his wife always goes shopping C. what is the way to the museum D. why does she always go shopping5. -Could you tell me _ she is looking for? A. that B. whose C. who D. which6. Mr. King didnt know _ yesterday evening. A. when does his son come home B. when his son comes home C. when did hi

17、s son come home D. when his son came home7. Could you tell me _ the bike this morning? A. how does he mend B. how he mends C. how he mended D. how did he mend8. -Im waiting for the mail. Do you know _ it will arrive? -Usually it comes by 4: 00. A. how B. where C. when D. what9. -Excuse me, would you

18、 please tell me _? -Certainly. Go straight along here. Its next to a hospital. A. how we can get to the post office B. how can we get to the post office C. how get to the post office D. how could we get to the post office10. -Can I help you? -Yes. Id like a ticket to Mount Emei. Can you tell me _ ta

19、ke to get there? A. how soon will it B. how soon it will C. how long it will D. how long will it11. He wanted to know _. A. whether he speaks at the meeting B. when the meeting would start C. what hes going to do at the meeting D. where would the meeting be held 12. -Could you tell me _ the Bamboo G

20、arden? -The day after tomorrow, I think. A. when will you visit B. when you will visit C. when would you visit D. when you would visit13. Would you please tell me _ next, Mr Wang? A. what should we do B. we should do what C. what we should do D. should we do what14. You cant imagine _ when they rece

21、ived these nice Christmas presents. A. how they were excited B. how excited they were C. how excited were they D. they were how excited15. I want to know _ you will come back at 8:00 tomorrow. A. that B. when C. where D. whether16. -Could you tell me _? -Sorry, I dont know. I was not at the meeting.

22、 A. what does he say at the meeting B. what did he say at the meeting C. what he says at the meeting D. what he said at the meeting17. -Could you tell me _ last night? -Er, I was watching Euro 2004 at home. A. what you were doing B. what were you doing C. what you are doing D. what are you doing18.

23、The teacher asked the students _. A. if they were interested in dinosaurs B. when was Albert Einstein born C. what they will do with the computers D. how many trees they have planted19. Every morning the patients are asked if _ their temperature taken. A. they had had B. have they had C. they have h

24、ad D. had they had20. Its up to you to decide _ youll go there, by air or by road. A. how B. why C. that D. when二. 根據(jù)漢語句子的意思完成下列英語句子1. 李明說他對玩電腦游戲感興趣。 Li Ming says _ _ interested in playing computer games.2. 我認(rèn)為瑪麗不回來了。 I dont think Mary _ _.3. 山姆給我說他準(zhǔn)備去上海。 Sam told me that he _ _ for Shanghai.4. 請你告訴

25、我去鐘樓怎麼走嗎？ Could you tell me _ I can get to the Bell Tower?5. 父親說他買了一臺新電腦。 Father said that he _ _ a new computer.6. 我想知道今天晚上還有沒有去北京的火車。 I want to know _ there is a train to Beijing.7. 你知道一個雙人間多少錢嗎？ Do you know _ _ a double room _?8. 請你告訴我我們外出多長 時間好嗎？ Could you tell me _ _ were going to be away?9. 叔叔

26、說他正在寫一本新小說。 Uncle said that he _ _ a new novel.10. 杰克說他有重要事情要做。 Jack said he _ something important to do.直接引語與間接引語練習(xí)請將下面的直接引語變成間接引語：1“I never eat meat.” he said. He said that _ never _ meat.2. “I have found my wallet.” he said to me. He _ me that he _ _ _ wallet.3. The teacher said, “The sun rises in the east and goes down in the west.”The teacher said that the sun _ in the east and _ down in the west.4. “You must come here before five.” he said.He said that I _ to go _ before five.5. He said, “You can sit here, Jim.”He _ Jim that he _ sit there6. “Do you know wh