西安交通大學(xué)口腔醫(yī)學(xué)院

1、西安交通大學(xué)口腔醫(yī)學(xué)院Depatment of Orthodontics，school of dentistry,xian Jiaotong university教 案Lesson plans教 研 室：口腔正畸學(xué)教研室 授 課 人：周 洪 教授The office of Teaching and Research: the Department of OrthodonticsTeacher:Professor Zhou Hong授課日期：2007年 月 日 授課方式： 大 課Instruction date: Teaching methods: Theory Course學(xué)生類別：03級本科

2、生 授課時(shí)間： 4個(gè)學(xué)時(shí)Student category: 03 undergraduatesTeaching time:4 hours題目： 口腔正畸學(xué)概述和生長發(fā)育Subject: The description of Orthodontics,growth and development教學(xué)目的Teaching purpose1. 掌握口腔正畸學(xué)的基本概念grasp the basic concepts of Orthodontics2. 掌握生長發(fā)育的基本理論和概念master the basic theory and concepts of Growth and developmen

3、t3. 了解上頜骨發(fā)育的方式和生長方向Understanding the way of maxillary development and growth direction4. 了解下頜骨發(fā)育的方式和生長方向Understanding the way of mandibular development and growth direction 5. 了解的發(fā)育特點(diǎn)和臨床意義To understand the characteristics of Craniofacial development of and clinical significance重點(diǎn)與難點(diǎn)Key and difficult

4、 points1. 理想正常與個(gè)別正常的不同，及正畸治療的目標(biāo)。The difference between Ideal normal occlusion and individual normal occlusion,and the object of orthodontic treatment.2. 顱面生長發(fā)育的方式和發(fā)育的時(shí)間性。The style of Craniofacial Growth and Development and timing of development3. 上頜骨生長發(fā)育的特點(diǎn)。The characteristics of Maxillary Growth 4.

5、 下頜骨生長發(fā)育的特點(diǎn)The characteristics of Mandibular Growth 5. 的發(fā)育特點(diǎn)和剩余間隙的臨床意義。the characteristics of Craniofacial development and the clinical significance of leeway space教材與參考Textbooks and reference books書教 材： 傅民魁 主編口腔正畸學(xué)第三版人民衛(wèi)生出版社1999年6月Textbooks: "oral Orthodontics" edited by FU MinkuiThe thir

6、d edition The people's medical publishing house in June 1999參考書：reference books William R. Proffit Contemporary Orthodontics Third Edition 2000羅頌椒 主編當(dāng)代實(shí)用口腔正畸技術(shù)和理論北京醫(yī)科大學(xué)協(xié)和醫(yī)科大學(xué)聯(lián)合出版社 1998年7月"Contemporary Orthodontics practical techniques and theory" Luo,SongshuPeking Union Medical College

7、, Beijing Medical University Joint Publishing House in July 1998教具： 電腦、多媒體投影儀Aids: computer, multimedia projector教學(xué)主要內(nèi)容、程序和時(shí)間分配the main content, procedures and time allocation of teaching第一節(jié)：口腔正畸學(xué)概論Section I: Introduction to Orthodontics（一） 正畸治療目標(biāo)的變更 (The changing goals of Orthodontic treatment ) （1

8、0分）正畸學(xué)的發(fā)展史History of the development of Orthodontics現(xiàn)代正畸學(xué)與以往正畸學(xué)的不同之處the difference between Modern and previous Orthodontics多學(xué)科治療和治療小組（Interdisciplinary Treatment and Team Member）（二） 牙頜畸形的表現(xiàn) (display of the malocclusion) （15分）個(gè)別牙錯(cuò)位、牙弓形態(tài)和牙齒排列異常 3分Dislocation of individual teeth dental arch and teeth w

9、ith abnormal morphology上下頜關(guān)系異常 The relationship between upper and lower is not harmony 8分上頜發(fā)育異常，下頜發(fā)育異常maxillary Dysplasia, mandibular dysplasia上下頜骨與顱骨的關(guān)系異常 the relationship of Upper and lower jaw with the skull is abnormal 4分（三） 牙頜畸形的流行病學(xué) ( Epidemiology of malocclusion) （5分）我國的牙頜畸形發(fā)病率為29.33- 48.87%

10、the incidence rate of Dental malformation in China is 29.33-48.87%個(gè)別正常 (Individual normal occlusion)理想正常 (Idea normal occlusion)切牙擁擠指數(shù)（Incisor Irregularity Index）（四） 錯(cuò)畸形的危害性 The danger of Dental malformation Local hazards Body against （5分） 局部危害 全身危害（五） 矯治的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和目標(biāo) (The criteria and aim of treatment) （5

11、分） 正常的六要素 (Six keys of normal occlusion)正畸矯治的目標(biāo) (Aim of orthodontic treatment)（六） 常用的矯治方法 ( Methods of orthodontic treatment ) （5分）預(yù)防性矯治 (Preventive orthodontic treatment)阻斷性矯治 (Interceptive orthodontic treatment)一般性矯治 (corrective orthodontics) 正畸-正頜外科矯治 (surgical orthodontics)小 結(jié)： Summary: (3 point

12、s) The basic concept of Orthodontics the incidence of malformations, individual normal occlusion, ideal normal occlusionTreatment goals and standards Commonly used treatment methods （3分）正畸學(xué)的基本概念牙頜畸形的發(fā)病率，個(gè)別正常、理想正常矯治的目標(biāo)和標(biāo)準(zhǔn)常用的矯治方法第二節(jié)：顱面部的生長發(fā)育 Craniofacial growth and development 一、生長發(fā)育的資料收集方法 First, dat

13、a collection methods of growth and development (5 points)  1. Longitudinal study 2. Horizontal research （5分）1 縱向研究2 橫向研究二、研究生長發(fā)育的方法 Second, the methods to study the growth and development (5 points) 1. Measurement Study （5分）1 測量研究骨骼測量 (Craniometry) 人體測量 (Anthropometry)X線頭影測量 (Cephalometric Radi

14、ology)2實(shí)驗(yàn)研究Experimental study活體染色 ( Vital staining )放射性同位素 (Radioactive tracer)種植體研究 (Implant radiography)分子基因?qū)W（Molecular genetics）三、生長發(fā)育的基本概念 Third, the basic concepts ofgrowth and development （10分）1生長型（Growth Patten）2可變性 (Variability)時(shí)間性 (Timing) , 生長發(fā)育高峰期 Peak period of growth and development34 生

15、長部位、生長發(fā)育中心 ( Growth site and Growth center)四、出生后的顱面部生長發(fā)育 Fourth, Craniofacial Growth and Development after the birth (10 points) （10分）1. 顱面分界線 1. Craniofacial dividing line2. 顱面骨的生長發(fā)育方式 2. the growth and development style of Craniofacial bone三種生長發(fā)育的形式：軟骨的間質(zhì)及表面增生、骨縫的間質(zhì)增生、骨的表面增生three forms: cartilage

16、and the surface of mesenchymal hyperplasia, suture mesenchymal hyperplasia, hyperplasia of bone surface3. 顱部的生長發(fā)育Cranial growth and development 顱腔, the development of the skull base , cranial cavity顱腔、顱底的發(fā)育4. 面部的發(fā)育 Facial development (10 points) Length, width, height （10分）長度、寬度、高度小結(jié)： （5分）生長發(fā)育研究的方法、手

17、段，不同的方法對不同的研究對象或不同的樣本作用不一樣，存在的有缺點(diǎn)是什么，臨床應(yīng)用的選擇。生長發(fā)育的基本概念：生長型、可變性、時(shí)間性的意義是什么？顱部的生長發(fā)育面部的生長發(fā)育Summary: (5 points) the methods, means about the research on Growth and development,different ways,different subjects or samples,different roles whats the disadvantage,the choice of clinical application the basic

18、concepts of Growth and development : growth pattern, variability, timing, whatre these meaning? Cranial growth and development Facial growth and development思考題：1牙頜畸形的危害有那些？2正畸治療的目標(biāo)是什么？3什么是理想正常合、什么是個(gè)別正常合4什么是生長型？5什么是生長部位和生長中心？6顱面生長發(fā)育的方式有那些？ Questions: 1. What are the hazards of Dentofacial deformities

19、? 2. the goal of Orthodontic treatment? 3. What is the ideal normal occlusion, individual normal occlusion?4. What is the growth pattern? 5. Whats the growth site and growth center? 6.How many ways of Craniofacial Growth and Development?第三節(jié) 上下頜骨的生長發(fā)育Section III The growth and development of jaw bone

20、s1 上頜骨的發(fā)育 ( Maxillay growth ) （20分）上頜骨的生長發(fā)育方式、方向上頜骨的主動生長、被動生長和長寬高的生長發(fā)育長度：上頜結(jié)節(jié)、齒槽骨、硬腭后緣寬度：腭中縫、上頜骨頰面的表面生長、齒槽骨的生長高度：齒槽骨、骨縫、硬腭下緣、眶底的改建3. 臨床意義：The style and the direction of Maxillary growth and development Active growth, passive growth,growth and development in dimensionsLength: maxillary nodular, alveo

21、lar bone, the posterior marginal of hard palateWidth: palatine raphe, the surface growth of maxillary buccal side, the growth of alveolar bone Height: alveolar bone, bone joints, the lower edge of the hard palate ，the adaption of orbital floor Clinical Significance:2 下頜骨的發(fā)育 ( Mandible growth ) 下頜骨的生

22、長發(fā)育方式、方向下頜骨的生長部位、特點(diǎn)和長寬高的生長發(fā)育生長時(shí)機(jī)臨床意義4. Mandibular development (Mandible growth) The style and the direction of Mandibular growth and development The growth site, characteristics ,growth and development in dimensions of mandibleGrowth opportunity Clinical significance3“V”字形生長發(fā)育理論 3. The "V"

23、-shaped theory of growth and development （5分）第四節(jié) 生長發(fā)育理論和的發(fā)育Fourth quarter the theory of growth and development, and Craniofacial development1 生長發(fā)育理論 ( Concept of Growth and Development ) （10分）骨控制理論 （Bone Theory）軟骨控制理論 (Cartilage theory)功能基質(zhì)控制理論 ( Functional Matrix Theory )2，牙與的生長發(fā)育 ( Development Of

24、Occlusion ) （30分） 乳牙列的生長發(fā)育特點(diǎn) 混合牙列的生長發(fā)育特點(diǎn) 恒牙的替換時(shí)間、順序 剩余間隙、磨牙關(guān)系的調(diào)整 暫時(shí)性錯(cuò)的表現(xiàn)the characteristics of growth and development of primary dentition, Mixed dentition        The replacement time, the order of permanent teeth        The leeway space, the adjustment of the relationship between mol