It的用法與高考考點精講

1、It的用法與高考談起it ,真可謂詞小作用大.it的用法一直是高考命題的熱點,也是教學(xué)中 的重點與難點.下面結(jié)合高測試題來對其常考點和特殊用法進行歸納.一、it用作代詞的用法1.it用作人稱代詞,可指人,也可指物.用來代替前面已經(jīng)出現(xiàn)的詞、詞組 或句子,以防止重復(fù).1>.I was disappointed with the film . I had expected to be much better. ( 93 )A. that B. this C. one D. it2>. There is still a copy of the book in the library. W

2、all you go and borrow ? No, I ' d rather buy in the bookstore.one B. one; one C. one; it D. it; It2 . it用來指代時間、地點、距離、天氣、氣候、季節(jié)、溫度、環(huán)境等或虛 指的情境.例如：It was nearly midnight when she came back.3 .代替有生命但不能或不必分陰陽性的東西(包括嬰兒).如：What a beautiful baby- is it a boy?4 .指代心目中或上文中的人或事物.3>-Isn' t that Ann

3、9;s husband over there?-No, ii_ be him. I'm sure he doesn't wear glasses.( 2004.全 國.29 )A. can't B. must not C. won't D. may not4>-Do you like here?-Oh, yes. The air, the weather, the way of life. Everything is so nice.( 2004.全國.32)A. this B. these C. that D. itit可以指代未指明,但談話雙方心里都明

4、白的那件事或那種情況",在此題情景中 it 指"這兒的情況(the situation here)". 又如：I can't stand it (= this situation) any longer!How's it (= your life, work, etc.) going?He is fifty, but he doesn' t look it.(fifty years old )It還可以指"的或暗含的事實或情況,例如：5>The Parkers bought a new house but will need

5、 a lot of workbefore they can move in. ( 2002. 全國.25 )A. they B. it C. one D. which 在此指"買房之后的情況". 又如:She was frightened, but tried not to show it.她非?？謶?但竭力沒有表現(xiàn)出來.二、it可在句子中作主語或賓語,用來代替一個名詞,一個短語,一個分句或一個句子,以防止它們在句子中的重復(fù).為了防止句中作真正主語的動詞 不定式短語、動名詞短語和名詞性從句(一般都比擬長)置于句首時造成頭重腳 輕,習(xí)慣上用it作形式主語置于句首,指代后面的真

6、正主語,使句子顯得流暢,保持句子的平衡.而且,作形式主語的代詞只能用it ,不能用that , this等詞.it作形式主語的用法1.It + be +形容詞( + for sb./ sth . ) +動詞不定式 此句型中的形容詞用來描述動詞不定式所指代的事情的特點.相當于 to do sth.is +adj+.for sb./ sth ,用于此句型的形容詞有： easy, hard , difficult , possible , important , impossible , necessary , good , bad , natural, safe, common, normal,

7、dangerous, unusual, rare, pleasant 等.6> Is necessary to tell his father everything? (87)A. it B. that C. what D. he7> Is necessary to complete the design before National Day?(89)A. this B. that C. itD. he8> Ispossible to fly to the moon in a spaceship? (88)A. now B.man C. that D_it2.It+ be

8、+形容詞+ of sb . +動詞不定式此句型中的形容詞主要描述某人的品德、特征.能用于該句型的形容詞有：kind, nice, wise, clever, brave, silly, foolish, stupid, polite, impolite,rude,friendly, careless, cruel, honest ,lazy, modest, naughty, selfish, wrong, right ,等.這個句型可以改寫為：sb. is +adj.+to do sth.3.It + be + 名詞( + for sb./ sth . ) + 動詞不定式用于止匕句型的名詞有

9、：a pity, a shame, a pleasure, a great joy, a wasteof time, one ' s turn, one ' s duty, one ' s job, fun, good manners, bad mani等.例如：It is our duty to serve the people.4.It+ be+ 形容詞/名詞+ doing sth .此句型中的形容詞和名詞常見的有：no /little use, no / much good, no /much harm, no / a wonder, useless, sense

10、less, dangerous, enjoyable, worthwhile 等.如：It is no use crying over spilt milk.覆水難收.9>felt funny watching myself on TV.A. One B. This C. It D. That5.1 t +謂語+名詞從句(主語從句、表語從句、同位語從句)it作形式主語,that從句作真正主語,常見的句型有：(1) It + be + 形容詞(obvious, true, , surprising, wonderful, funny, , likely, certain, probable

11、, etc.) + that It + be + 形容詞(important necessary, right, possible strange , natural.) that sb. (should) do sth.(3) It + be + 名詞詞組(no wonder, an honor, a good thing, no surprise, a fact, a pleasur e, a surprise, an honor, a pity, common sense etc.)+ that10>is a fact that English is -being accepted

12、 as an international language( 1995.37 )A. There B. This C. That D. It11>The Foreign Minister said ,"our hope thae shwitwo sidwork towards peace .北京(.20Q4.A. This is B. There is C. That is D. It is12>He hasn ' t slept at all for three days.he is tired out.( 2005. 湖 北.30 )A . There is

13、no pointB. There is no needC. It is no wonderD. It is no way13>is our belief that improvements in health care will lead to a stronger and more prosperous economy. (2006 高考浙江卷 4)A.As B. That C. This D. It It+ be + 過去分詞(said ,reported, believed, declared, expected, supposed, hoped, accepted, stated

14、, acknowledged, recognized, mentioned, proved. shown, announced, arranged, observed, proposed, regarded, considered, thought, learned, well known, pointed out,.) + that14>It has been proved eating vegetables in childhood help s toprotect you against serious 川nesses in later life.( 上海 36)B. becaus

15、eC. whenD.A. if that15>It is often that human beings are naturally equipped to speak. (09 全國 II.6 )A. said B. to say C. saying D. being said It+ be+ 過去分詞(suggested, ordered, demanded, requested . ) that sb. (should) do sth. It + 不及物動詞 (seems, happens, appears, occurs) + that 或 It looks ( seems )+

16、 as if .另外,常見的句型還有：It is not settled / has not been decided / is still unknown/ It makes no difference + whether It doesn ' t matter whether .如：It depends on the weather whether we will go.16> Does matter if he can 'finish the job on time? (91)A. this B. that C. he D. itit作形式賓語的用法由作形式賓語,真

17、正的賓語后置的固定句式有下面幾個類型：1.主語+謂語+it+形容詞/名詞+動詞不定式/從句17> I don't think possible to master a foreign language withoutmuch memory work. (90)A. this B. that C. its d it18> You should make it a rule to leave things you can find them again (1999.18)A. when B_whereC. then D. there19. The chairman though

18、t necessary to invite Professor Smith to speak at the meeting . ( 2005. 全國 II 卷.35 )A. that B. it C. this 20> He didn 'make clearheld. (2007 高考天津卷 1) A. this 21>As the busiest after all the other peoplethis B. that C. one2.主語+ 謂語+it+從句 在 I like / love / enjoy / hatewhen and where the meeti

19、ng would beB. that C. it D. thesewoman in Norton. she made her duty to looks affairs in( thatrtownS 南 26)D. it it when個結(jié)才中,it 是形式賓語,真正的賓語是when從句所描述的某種情形.值得注意 的是,這種情況與我們所熟悉的it作形式賓語的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)是不同的,由于在它之后沒有形容詞或名詞作賓語補足語.又如：I hate it when you can ' t discuss things openly.I like it that everyone passed the

20、 exam.22> I hate when people ta lk with their mouths full.(1998.8)A. it B. that C. these D. them23> I like in the autumn when the weather is clear and bright.(2004.全國.27 )A. this B. thatC. it D. one24> I ' appreciate if you would like to teac h me how to use the computer. (2006 山東 24) A

21、. that B. it C. this D. you3 .主語+ 謂語+介詞+it+從句如：I ' ll see to it that (注意做至U) everything is ready in time.Can I depend on it(相信)that this won' t take place again?4 .主語+ 謂語+it+介詞短語+從句I took it for granted that they were not coming.三.it可用于強調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu),構(gòu)成句型：It's +被強調(diào)局部+that/ who+ 句子的 其他局部.如果被強調(diào)局部是人,

22、既可用that又可用who,其余的全部用that. 這一句型也可用于一般疑問句、否認句或特殊疑問句.其特點是：去掉It is(was) 及that (who)后,在不添詞、不減詞的前提下能重新構(gòu)成一個意義完整的句子.例如：25>Was it during the Second World War he died?(88)A. that B. while C. in which D. then26>It was not she took off her glasses I realized shewas a famous film star. (92)A. when , thatB.

23、 until , that C. until , thatD. when , then27>It was about 600 years ago the first clock with a face andan hour hand was made. (1997.25 )A. thatB. until C. before D. when28> It was not until 1920 regular radio broadcasts began.(1995.33 ) A. while B. which C that D. since29>It was only when

24、I reread this poems recently I began to appreciate their beauty.A. until B. thatC. thenD. so(97)30>It is the ability to do the job matters not where you come fromor what you are.A. oneB. thatC. what D. it (2000)31>Why! I have nothing to confess.you want me to say?(2004. 上 海.43)A What is it tha

25、tB. What it is that(2006高考山東卷D.what it isC. How is it that D. How it is that32>I just wonder that makes him so excited.32)A.why it does B.what he does C.how it is33>He got his first boo k published. It - turned out to be a bestseller.When was?was in 2000 when he was still in college.A. that; T

26、his B. this; It C. it; This D. that; It34>It was not until midnight they reached the camp site. (08重慶卷22)A. thatB. when C. whileD. as容易與強調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)混淆的固定句型：(1) It is the first time ( that ) sb. have / has done sth.It was the first time ( that ) sb. had done sth.該句型中that引導(dǎo)定語從句,修飾先行詞 the first(second)time譯

27、為：這是某人第一(二 )次做某事.例如：It is the first time ( that ) I have been here.It was the first time ( that )I had visited the place(2) It is ( high / about ) time ( that ) sb. did / should do sth.該句型中that引導(dǎo)虛擬定語從句,修飾先行詞time ,意思是：某人早該做某事了.It is high time (that ) he went to school(3) It is / has been + 時間段 + sinc

28、e sb. did sth.It was+ 時間段 + since sb. had done sth.假設(shè)since從句中的謂語動詞是終止性動詞,表示 自某人做某事以來已經(jīng)多 久了；假設(shè)從句中的謂語動詞是延續(xù)性動詞,那么表示 自某人不做某事以來已經(jīng)多 久了.例如：It is10 years since we left our hometown.自我們離開家鄉(xiāng)已經(jīng) 10年了It is10years since we lived in that village.自我們不住在那個村莊已經(jīng) 1035>That was really a splendid evening. It ' yea

29、rs I enjoyed myself so much. 2005. 全國 I 卷.29 A. when B. that C. before D. since36>It is almost five years we saw each other last time.2005京春季.23A.before B.since C.after D.when(4) It is+ 時間段名詞 + before .此句型假設(shè)為肯定句,意指 過了多久才；假設(shè)為否認句,那么是指 沒過多久就 例如：It will be hours before he arrives here.幾小時以后他才會到這兒.It

30、was not long before t hey drove the enemy from their homeland. 沒 多久他們就把敵人從他們的國土上趕跑了.37>Scientists say it may be five or six years it is possible to testthis medicine on human patients. 2004. 福建.31 A. since B. after C. bef ore D. when38>It was some time we realized the truth. 2005. 山東.24 A.when

31、 B. until C. since D. before39>How long do you think it will be China sends a manned spaceship to the moon?-Perhaps two or three years.2006 福建卷 25when B. until C. that D. before40>It long before we the result of the experiment. 2002A . will not be ; will knowB. is； will knowC. will not be ; kn

32、owD. is; knowIt is +時間名詞+ whenIt was 8 oonulhe cameback定語從句（6） It is +時間狀語+thatIt was 3 years ago that he joined the army.強調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)（7） It is + 地點名詞 + where It is the place where I was born 定語從句It is +地點狀語+ that It was in the place that I came to know him.強調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)四.替代詞it, that 與one的區(qū)別it表特指,替代前文中出現(xiàn)過的同一名詞；替代前文中

33、出現(xiàn)過的同類名詞 時,用that和one.that表特指,相當于“theW詞,可代替單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞或 不可數(shù)名詞只指物不指人,one用于泛指,相當于“a/an峪詞,只代替單 數(shù)可數(shù)名詞可表示人也可表示物.I hope there are enough glasses for each guest to have. 1995.22 A. it B. those C. them D. one-Why don't we take a little break?-Didn't we just have? 2000.23A . it B. thatC. one D. thisMeeting

34、 my uncle after all these years was an unforgettable moment,I will always treasure. 2002. 全國.35A. that B. one C. it D. whatMeeting my uncle after all these years was an unforgettable moment,I will always treasure. 2002. 35 A. thatB. oneC. itD. whatWe needed a new cupboard for the kitchen. So Peter f

35、rom some wood we had. 2004. 廣西.24 A. it_B. oneC. himself D. anotherCars do cause us some health problems in fact far than mobile phones do. 2005 江西卷A. oneB. onesC. itD.made more seriousWe' ve been looking at the houses but haven2005浙江卷those't foundwe likeA . one B . onesC. itD . themI prefer

36、 a flat in Inverness to in Perth, because I want to live nearmy Mom's. 2005 天津卷A. oneB. thatC. itD. this1 admired the painting, and Ed said he would like me to have asa gift from him. 08高考延考區(qū).6A. oneB. it C. this D. someI like this house with a beautiful garden in front. but I don ' have eno

37、ugh money to buy (09 四川)A. oneB. itC. thisD. that5 .it對關(guān)系代詞as的干擾is known to everybody, the moon travels round the earth onceevery month. ( 2002. 全國.34 )A. it B. As C. That D. What is reported in the newspapers , talks between the two countries are making - progress. ( 2004. d匕京.34 )A.it 昆 As C. That

38、 D What以上兩題考察了 as引導(dǎo)的定語從句,假設(shè)選that,句子應(yīng)分別為：It is known to everybody that the moon travels round the earth once every month.It is reported in the newspapers that talks between the two countries are making progress.6 .it對關(guān)系代詞which的干擾Carol said the work would be done by October,personally Idoubt very much

39、. (NMET 1999)A. it B. that C. when D. which此題中which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句,代指主句的整個內(nèi)容.假設(shè)用it,那么該句 為：Carol said the work would be done by October, but personally I doubt it very much.又如：Tom's mother kept telling him that he should work harder, butdidn't help. (93)A. he B. which C. she D. itThe doctor advise

40、d Vera strongly that she should take a holiday, butdidn ' t help. ( 2(3051 III 卷 13 )A. it B. she C. which D. he七.it對there be 句型的干擾no need for us to discuss the problem again since it has alreadybeen settled. (91)A. It has B. There has C. It is D. There is is no possibility Bob can win the first

41、 prize in the match. ( 2001.上海.春.35)A. TherethatB. ItthatC. Therewhether D. Itwhether常見的there be句型有：There is no doubt that / of毫無疑問There is no need to do /for沒有必要There is no denying 無可否認There is no hurry about 無需慌張There is no difficulty in方面沒困難 There is no difference between沒區(qū)另 UThere is no possibil

42、ity that/ of沒可能There is no room for 沒有 余地There is no sense in是無意義的There was a time when曾經(jīng)有一段時間 There is no chance that/ of 沒有的機 會 八.其它含有it的常見句式和短語：It takes sb. . to do sth.If it had not been for假設(shè)要不是 It remains to be seen / proved that有待于觀察/證實例如： Having a trip abroad is certainly good for the old couple, but it remains whether the