最新人教版小學(xué)英語知識(shí)要點(diǎn)總復(fù)習(xí)講義

1、小學(xué)英語知識(shí)要點(diǎn)總復(fù)習(xí)講義名詞復(fù)數(shù)規(guī)那么1 .一般情況下,直接加-s,如：book-books,bag-bags,cat-cats,bed-beds2 .以 s.x.sh.ch 結(jié)尾,加-es,如： bus-buses,box-boxes,peach-peaches, watch-watches3 .以“輔音字母+y結(jié)尾,變y為i,再加-es,如：family-families, strawberry-strawberries4 .以f或fe結(jié)尾,變f或fe為v,再加-es,但有一個(gè)特例：roof Toofs .如： knife-knives leaf-leaves wife-wives th

2、ief-thieves wolf-wolves5 .以o結(jié)尾的單詞,如果有生命,力口 -es；如果沒有生命,力口 -so 如：有生命： potato-potatoes tomato-tomatoes mango-mangoes芒果hero-heroes 英雄Negro- Negroes 黑人沒生命：radio-radios piano-pianos photo-photos zoo-zoos6 .不規(guī)那么名詞的復(fù)數(shù)變化：一完全不規(guī)那么：man-men woman-women policeman-policemen policewoman-policewomen mouse-mice child

3、-childrenfoot-feet tooth-teeth goose-geese二單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)同形：fish-fish sheep-sheep deer-deerpeople-peopleChinese-Chinese Japanese-Japanese小練習(xí)：寫出以下各詞的復(fù)數(shù)I him this her watch childphoto diary day footbook dress tooth sheep boxstrawberry leaf potato peach busman woman paper juicewater milk rice tea一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)根本用法介

4、紹1 .一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的功能1) .表示事物或人物的特征、狀態(tài).如： The sky is blue.天空 是藍(lán)色的.2) .表示經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作.如：I get up at six every day.我每天六點(diǎn)起床.3) .表示客觀現(xiàn)實(shí).如： The earth goes around the sun. 地球 繞著太陽轉(zhuǎn).2 .一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的構(gòu)成1) .be 動(dòng)詞：主語 +be(am,is,are)+ 其它.如： I am a boy.我是一個(gè)男孩.2) .行為動(dòng)詞：主語+行為動(dòng)詞(+其它).(1)當(dāng)主語為第一、第二人稱或復(fù)數(shù)做主語時(shí),謂動(dòng)是原形. 如： I like English.我喜歡

5、英語.We study English.我們學(xué)習(xí)英語.(2)當(dāng)主語為第三人稱(he, she,it)或單數(shù)時(shí),要在動(dòng)詞后加"-s" 或"-es".如： Mary likes Chinese.瑪麗喜歡漢語.3 .一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的變化A、be動(dòng)詞的變化a.肯變否句,有 be 動(dòng)詞 isamarewaswere ,直接在 isamare 動(dòng)詞后加not o注：我I用am,你you用are, is跟著他、她、它,單 數(shù)和不可數(shù)名次用is,復(fù)數(shù)用are如：He is not a worker.他不是工人.b.肯變一般疑問句：IsAmare+主語+其它注：IWe變you

6、,you 變Iwe,其他人稱不變?nèi)纾?I am a student. fAre you a student? 注:般疑問句 有肯定和否認(rèn)答復(fù)-Yes , I am./ No,I'm not.c.特殊疑問句：疑問詞HowWhatWhereWhenHowmany.+ 一般疑問句注：特殊疑問句直接答復(fù)如： Where is my car? It s under the chair.B.行為動(dòng)詞的變化.a.肯變否認(rèn)句：主語第一、第二人稱或復(fù)數(shù) + don't +動(dòng)詞原形+其它.如: I don't like bread.當(dāng)主語為第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí),要用doesn't構(gòu)成否認(rèn)

7、句.如：He doesn't often play computer games.b.肯變一般疑問句：Do Does +主語+動(dòng)詞原形+其它當(dāng)主語為第一、第二人稱或復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)用助動(dòng)詞Do構(gòu)成一般疑問句.如：- Do you often play football?- Yes, I do. / No, I don't.當(dāng)主語為第三人稱或單數(shù)時(shí),要用 Does構(gòu)成一般疑問句.如：- Does she go to work by bike?- Yes, she does. / No, she doesn't.c.特殊疑問句：疑問詞+一般疑問句.如：How does your fa

8、ther go to work?4 .動(dòng)詞第三人稱單數(shù)加"-s"或"-es"形式的變化規(guī)那么1 . 一般情況下,直接力口 -s,如：play-plays, work-works.2 . 以 s. x. sh. ch. o 結(jié)尾,力口-es, 如：guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes,do-does3 .以“輔音字母+y結(jié)尾,變y為i,再加-es,如：study-studies.4 .以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾,直接加-s .如：make-makes.5 .特殊詞 have-has.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)用法專項(xiàng)練

9、習(xí)：一、寫出以下動(dòng)詞的第三人稱單數(shù)drink go stay makelook have pass carrycome watch plant flystudy brush do teachlike二、用括號(hào)內(nèi)動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空.1 .He often(have) dinner at home.2 .Daniel and Tommy(be) in Class One.3 .We(not watch) TV on Monday.4 .Nick(not go) to the zoo on Sunday.5 .they(like) the World Cup?6 .What they often(d

10、o) on Saturdays?7 .your parents(read) newspapers every day?8 .The girl(teach) us English on Sundays.9 .She and I(watch) TV together every evening.10 .There(be) some water in the bottle.11 .Mike(like) cooking.12 .They(have) the same hobby.13 .My auntlook after her baby carefully.14 .You alwaysdo your

11、 homework well.15.Ibe ill. I m staying in bed.16.Shego to school from Monday to Friday.17.Liu Taodo not like PE.18.The child oftenwatch TV in the evening.19.Su Hai and Su Yanghave eight lessons this term.20. 一 What daybe it today? It's Saturday. 三、根據(jù)要求改寫句子1 .Daniel watches TV every evening. 改為否認(rèn)

12、句1.1 am a teacher.改為一般疑問句,弁作否認(rèn)答復(fù)1.5 he likes milk.改為一般疑問句,作肯定答復(fù)4 .Amy likes playing computer games.改為一般疑問句,作否認(rèn)答復(fù)5 .We go to school every morning. 改為否認(rèn)句6 .He speaks English very well. 改為否認(rèn)句7 .I like taking pictures on the holiday.對(duì)劃線局部提問8.John comes from Canada.對(duì)劃線局部提問9.She is always a good student.

13、改為一般疑問句,作否認(rèn)答復(fù) 10.Simon and Daniel like going skating.改為否認(rèn)句 四、改錯(cuò)(劃出錯(cuò)誤的地方,將正確的寫在橫線上)1. Is your brother speak English?2. Does he likes going fishing?3. He likes play games after class.4. Miss wei teaches us English.5. She don t do her homework on Sundays.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)1 .現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示事情現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動(dòng)作,也可表示當(dāng)前一段時(shí)間內(nèi)的活動(dòng)或現(xiàn)階

14、段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作.2 .現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的肯定句根本結(jié)構(gòu)由be+動(dòng)詞ing.(即 is amarewaswere+v-ing) .3 .現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的否認(rèn)句在 be后加not.(即 is amarewaswere+not+v-ing)4 .現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的一般疑問句把 be動(dòng)詞調(diào)到句首.(即 Is AmAreWasWere + 主語+v-ing )5 .現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的特殊疑問的根本結(jié)構(gòu)為：疑問詞(HowWhatWhereWhenHow many.) + be + 主語 + 動(dòng)詞ing?動(dòng)詞加ing的變化規(guī)那么1 . 一般情況下,直接加 ing,如：cook-cooking2 .以不發(fā)音的 e 結(jié)尾,去 e

15、力口 ing ,如：make-making, taste-tasting3 .單音節(jié)詞以輔元輔結(jié)尾,雙寫末尾的輔音字母,再加 ing,如: run-running, stop-stopping現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)專項(xiàng)練習(xí)：一、寫出以下動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞：play run swim makego like write skiread have sing danceput see buy lovelive take come getstop sit begin shop二、用所給的動(dòng)詞的正確形式填空：1. The boy( draw)a picture now.2. Listen ! Some girls( s

16、ing)in the classroom .3. My mother( cook )some nice food now.4. What you( do ) now?5. Look ! They( have) an English lesson .6. They(not ,water) the flowers now.7. Look! the girls(dance )in the classroom .8. -What is our mother doing?She(listen ) to music.9. It s 5 o clock now. We(have)supper now 10.

17、Helen(wash )clothes? Yes ,she is . 三、句型轉(zhuǎn)換：1. They are doing housework .(分別改成一般疑問句和否認(rèn)句 )2. The students are cleaning the classroom .( 改一般疑問句并 作肯定和否認(rèn)答復(fù))3. I'm playing the football in the playground .(對(duì)劃線局部進(jìn)行提問)4. Tom is reading books in his study .( 對(duì)劃線局部進(jìn)行提問)一般將來時(shí)態(tài)一、概念：表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)及打算、方案或準(zhǔn)備 做某

18、事.句中一般有以下時(shí)間狀語： tomorrow, next day(week, month, year ),soon, the day after tomorrow (后天)等.二、根本結(jié)構(gòu)：be going to + do ； will+ do.三、否認(rèn)句：在 be動(dòng)詞(am, is, are )后加not或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 will 后力口 not成won £例如：I m going to have a picnic this afternoon. I m not going to have a picnic this afternoon.四、一般疑問句：be或will提到句首,some

19、改為any, and改為or,第一二人稱互換.例如： We are going to take a trip this weekend. Are you going to take a trip this weekend?五、對(duì)劃線局部提問.一般情況,一般將來時(shí)的對(duì)劃線局部有三種 情況.1 .問人,用疑問詞 Who.例如：'m going to New York tomorrow. 一 Who s going to New York tomorrow ?2 .問干什么.用 What do.例如：My father is going to watch TV this afternoon.

20、 -What is your father going to do this afternoon ?3 .問什么時(shí)候.用 When.例如：She s going to go to bed at nine. When is she going to bed?六、同義句： be going to = willI am going to go swimming tomorrow (明天).=I will go swimming tomorrow.將來時(shí)態(tài)練習(xí)：填空.1 .我打算明天和朋友去野炊.I have a picnic with my friends.I have a picnic with

21、my friends.2 .下個(gè)星期一你打算去干嘛我想去打籃球.Whatnext Monday?I play basketball.What you do next Monday? I playbasketball.3 .你媽媽這個(gè)周末去購物嗎是,她要去買一些水果.your mother go shopping this?Yes, she. She buysome fruit.4 .你們打算什么時(shí)候去旅行.When you take a trip?5 .Nancy is going to go shopping. (改否認(rèn)句) Nancy going to go shopping.6.I &#

22、39;ll go swimming with them.(改否認(rèn)句)I go swimming with them.1.1 m going to get up at 6:30 tomorrow.(改般疑問句)to get up at 6:30 tomorrow?8 .We will take a bus to the library.(改一般疑問句)take a bus to the library?9 .She is going to listen to music after school.(對(duì)戈U線局部提問)she afterschool?10 .My father and mother

23、 are going to do housework tomorrow.(對(duì)劃線局部提問)going to do housework tomorrow?用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空.11 .Today is a sunny day.We(have) a picnic this afternoon.12 .My brother(go) to Shanghai next week.13 .Tom often(go) to school on foot. But today is rainy. He(go) to school by bike.14 .What do you usually do on w

24、eekends? I usually(watch) TV and(watch) insects?1.1 It s Friday today. What she(do) thisweekend?She(watch) TV and(catch) insects.16 .What(do) you do last Sunday? I(pick) apples on a farm.What you(do) next Sunday? I collectstamps.17 .Mary(visit) her grandparents tomorrow.18 .Liu Tao(fly) kites in the

25、 playground yesterday.19 .David(have) a birthday party next Monday.20.I(plan) for my study now.一般過去時(shí)態(tài)1. 一般過去時(shí)表示過去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài),常和表示過去的時(shí)間狀語連用. 如：yesterday , last weekend Mondayyear.,the day before yesterday 等2. Be動(dòng)詞在一般過去時(shí)中的變化：am 和is 在一般過去時(shí)中1變?yōu)?was.(was not=wasn 't)are 在一般過去時(shí)中1變?yōu)?were.(were not=were

26、n 't)帶有was或were的句子,其否認(rèn)、疑問的變化和 is, am, are 一樣,即否認(rèn)句在 was或were后加not, 一般疑問句把 was或 were調(diào)到句首.3. 句中沒有be動(dòng)詞的一般過去時(shí)的句子否認(rèn)句：didn't + 動(dòng)詞原形,如： Jim didn t go home yesterday. 一般疑問句：在句首加did,句子中的動(dòng)詞過去式變回原形.如： Did Jim go home yesterday?特殊疑問句：疑問詞+did+主語+動(dòng)詞原形如：What did Jim do yesterday?疑問詞當(dāng)主語時(shí)：疑問詞 +動(dòng)詞過去式如：Who went

27、 home yesterday?動(dòng)詞過去式變化規(guī)那么：1 . 般在動(dòng)詞末尾力口 -ed , 如： work-worked, clean-cleaned2 .以不發(fā)音e結(jié)尾,直接加d,如：taste-tasted3 .末尾只有一個(gè)元音字母和一個(gè)輔音字母的重讀閉音節(jié),應(yīng)雙寫末尾的輔音字母,再力口 -ed ,如：stop-stopped4 .以“輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的,變y為i,再加-ed,如：study-studied5 .不規(guī)那么動(dòng)詞過去式：(需自己記憶)am,is-was, are-were, do-did, see-saw, say-said, give-gave, get-got, go-we

28、nt, come-came,have/has-had, eat-ate, take-took, run-ran, sing-sang, put-put, make-made, read-read, write-wrote,draw-drew, drink-drank, fly-flew, ride-rode, speak-spoke, sweep-swept, swim-swam, can-could,shall-should,bring-brought, lose-lost,sleep-slept,find-found,hurt-hurt,keep-kept,leave-left, send

29、-sent,cut-cut,drive-drove,fall-fell,sell-sold,stand-stood, think-thought, sit-sat,let-let,write-wrote,teach-taught,tell-told,一般過去時(shí)練習(xí)寫出以下動(dòng)詞的過去式isam fly plant aredrinkplaygomakedoesdanceworryasktasteeatdrawputthrowkick_ pass_dothinkBe動(dòng)詞的過去時(shí)練習(xí)(1)一、用動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1.1 (go)to school yesterday.2 .He(study) Engl

30、ish last weekend.3 .Amy and Luce students two years ago.4 .We (eat) many oranges just now.5 .Yang Ling eleven years old last year.6 .There an apple on the plate yesterday.7 .There some milk in the fridge last Sunday.8 .The phone on the sofa yesterday evening.二、句型轉(zhuǎn)換1. It was exciting.否認(rèn)句：一般疑問句：肯、否認(rèn)答復(fù)

31、：2. All the students were very excited.否認(rèn)句：一般疑問句：肯、否認(rèn)答復(fù)：3. They were in the woods.否認(rèn)句：一般疑問句：肯、否認(rèn)答復(fù)：形容詞比較級(jí)一、形容詞的比較級(jí)1、形容詞比較級(jí)在句子中的運(yùn)用：兩個(gè)或兩者以上事物或人的比 較用比較級(jí),比較級(jí)后面一般帶有單詞than o比較級(jí)前面可以用more, a little來修飾表示程度.than后的人稱代詞用主格口語中 可用賓格.形容詞比較級(jí)+than2 .形容詞比較級(jí)的規(guī)那么：一般在詞尾加er ；以不發(fā)音字母e結(jié)尾,加r ；以一個(gè)元音字母和一個(gè)輔音字母結(jié)尾,應(yīng)雙寫末尾的輔音字 母,再加e

32、r ；以“輔音字母+y結(jié)尾,先把y變i,再加er.3 .不規(guī)那么形容詞比較級(jí)： good-better, beautiful-more beautiful形容詞比較級(jí)練習(xí)：一、寫出以下形容詞的比較級(jí)old young tall longshort strong big smallfat thin heavy funnyearly good beautiful(二卜根據(jù)句意填入單詞的正確形式：1. My brother is two years(old)than me.2. Tom is (fat) than Jim.3. Is your sister(young) than you? Yes,she is.4. Who is(thin),you or Helen? Helen is.5. Whose pencil-box is(big),yours or hers?6. Mary s hair is (long) than Lucy s.7. My eyes are(big) than(she).人稱代詞與物主代詞一、人稱代詞人稱單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)士格賓格士格賓格第一人稱Imeweus第二人稱youyouyouyou第三人稱hehimtheythemsheheritit:、物主代詞數(shù) 人稱 類別單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)第一人稱第二人稱第三人稱第一人稱第二人稱第三人稱形容 詞性 物主 代詞myyourh