C語言程序設計習題解答

1、13 / 27c語言程序設計習題解答沈國榮隋雪莉閔芳目錄18第1章C語言程序設計概述 1 第2章數(shù)據(jù)類型及其運算 2 第3章語句與輸入輸出3 第4章選擇結構程序設計 第5章循環(huán)結構程序設計 第6章數(shù)組9 第7章函數(shù)12 第8章編譯預處理14 第9章指針15 第10章結構體與共用體 第11章位運算21 第12章文件操作22第1章C語言程序設計概述二、填空題函數(shù)、mai n()函數(shù)/*、*/.C、.OBJ、.EXE順序結構、選擇結構、循環(huán)結構一、選擇題12345678910CBACCBDBDA.三、編程題1. 【參考代碼】#in clude<stdio.h>int mai

2、n()printf("(學校名稱)n");printf(”(姓名)n");return 0 ;2. 【參考代碼】#in clude<stdio.h>int main()printf("(學校名稱)n (姓名)n"); return 0 ;第2章數(shù)據(jù)類型及其運算一、選擇題12345678910CCCABADDC、BB11121314151617181920CADDDCDC注：第5題B選項為：”'017''t'二、填空題1.字母、數(shù)字、下劃線2.1、 4、 4、 83.-6.97.68

3、.-609.y%2=110.1、0、1三、程序閱讀題1.b2.03.04.10,25.9,10,9,106.3,1,0,07.3,20,30,1第3章語句與輸入輸出一、選擇題.0201,10y=4630y=4630*3.140000,3.142* c:dec=120,oct=170,hex=78,ASCII=x x=1 y=2 *sum*=310 squared is : 1002 48 20.2 20.29.x+y+z=4855, ,A10.四、編程題12345678910BCCCCBBBDA二、填空題1.123.472.D3.回車4.10,2三、程序閱讀題1.2

4、611. 【參考代碼】#in clude<stdio.h>int main()char ch; printf("請輸入一個字符：n");scan f("%c",&ch);printf("%c 的 ASCII 碼為：%dn", ch,ch); return 0 ;2. 【參考代碼】#in clude<stdio.h>#defi ne PI 3.1416 int main()double r, h;double cl,cs,cv;printf(”請輸入圓的半徑：");scan f("%F

5、,&r);”);%.4lfn", cl);%.4lfn", cs);%.4lfn", cv);printf("請輸入圓柱高: scan f("%lf", &h); cl=2* Pl*r;cs=P l*r*r;cv=p |*r*r*h;printf(”圓的周長為： printf(”圓的面積為： printf(”圓柱的體積為: return 0 ;3. 【參考代碼】#in clude<stdio.h> int main()int sp litl nt,o ne,te n,hun dred;printf(&quo

6、t;輸入要處理的整數(shù)：”)；scan f("%d", &splitlnt);hun dred = sp lit In t/100;ten = spl iti nt%100/10;one = sp litI nt%10;printf("個位:%d，十位:%d，百位：dn",one,ten,hundred); return 0 ;第4章選擇結構程序設計、選擇題123456DCCBBC二、程序閱讀題1.102.2,2,23.64.97,b5.c=-16.88887.20,08.2,19.1,12,22,1-2,210. a=1,b=3三、程序完善題1.

7、 a>b、 c>x四、編程題 1.【參考代碼】 #include<stdio.h> int main( )int a, b, c,d,min;printf(" 輸入 4 個整數(shù)： "); scanf("%d%d%d%d",&a,&b,&c,&d); if(a < b) min = a;else min = b; if(c < min) min=c; if(d<min) min=d; printf("%dn",min); return 0 ;2.【參考代碼】#in

8、clude<stdio.h>int main( )int num,a,b,c,d;printf(" 請輸入一個四位整數(shù)： ");scanf("%d",&num);a=num/1000;b=num%1000/100;c=num%100/10;d=num%10;printf(" 各位數(shù)字之和為： %dn",a+b+c+d);return 0 ;3. 【參考代碼】#include<stdio.h>int main( )int x;printf(" 請輸入 x： "); scanf(&quo

9、t;%d",&x);printf("y 的值為： "); if(x<0) printf("%dn",x);else if(x<50)printf("%dn",3*x-2);else if(x<100)printf("%dn",4*x+1);elseprintf("%dn",5*x); return 0 ;4. 【參考代碼】#include<stdio.h>int main( )int dj;float zl,je,yfk;printf("

10、 請輸入等級( 14 ): "); scanf("%d",&dj);if (dj>4|dj<1)printf(" 無此等級的蘋果！ n"); return 0;printf(" 請輸入重量(公斤) ： "); scanf("%f",&zl);printf("n");switch (dj)break; break; break; break;case 1 : je=5.5*zl; case 2 : je=4.3*zl; case 3 : je=3.0*zl;

11、case 4 : je=2.5*zl;: %d 級 n",dj); : %.2f 公斤 n",zl);printf(" 您選擇蘋果級別 printf(" 您購買蘋果重量 printf("您應付金額為：%.2f元宙",je); printf("n");printf(" 顧客所付金額 ： "); scanf("%f",&yfk);if (yfk<je)printf("Data Error!n"); return 0;printf(” 應找您：.2

12、f 元n",yfk-je); return 0 ;第5章循環(huán)結構程序設計12345678(1)8(2)91011CBBBABBBCDCB、選擇題、程序閱讀題1.1,2,02 .m=4,n=23.A2C4E64.1325.46.k=0,m=57.x=98988.、程序完善題1.2.3.(ch > 'Z' && ch <= 'Z' + 4 ) |(ch > 'z' )ch - 26 k k/10con ti nuei + t * 10s = s + t4.fabs( t ) >= 1

13、e-6 f = -f i<10 j%3 !=05.四、編程題1.【參考代碼】#in clude<stdio.h>int main()int n , i , j , k ;printf( "Output : 'n");for(n = 100 ; * 1000 ; n+ )i = n % 10 ;/* 個位 */j = ( n / 10 ) % 10 ;/* 十位 */k = n / 100 ;/* 百位 */if ( n = i * i * i + j * j * j + k * k * k ) prin tf( "%dn" ,

14、n );return 0 ;2.#in clude<stdio.h> int mai n ()【參考代碼】int i , m , n , t , p , k ;printf( "Please input: " ) ;scanf ( "%d,%d" , &m , &n ) ;if( m < n )t = n ;n = m ; m = t ;p = m * n ;while ( n != 0 )/* 余數(shù)不為 0，繼續(xù)相除，直到余數(shù)為 i = m % n ; m = n ;i ;k = p / m ;printf( &quo

15、t;%d,%dn" , m , k ); return 0 ;0 */3.參考代碼】#include<stdio.h>int main( ) int i , n , t , sum ;t = 1 ;sum = 0 ;printf( "Please input: n = " ) ; scanf( "%d" , &n ) ;for( i = 1 ; i <= n ; i+ )t = t * i ;sum = sum + t ;printf( "1!+2!+ return 0 ;+%d!=r%dn , sum );

16、4.參考代碼】#include<stdio.h>int main( )int i , m ;double sum = 0 , k = 1 ;pnntf( "PI ease input : m="); scanf( "%d" , &m );for( i = 1 ; i <= m ; i+ )sum = sum + k / i ; k = -k ;prin tf( "sum=%4.2fn" , sum ); return 0 ;第6章數(shù)組一、選擇題12345678910111213141516DDDBCCBCCD

17、DBDDCD二、程序閱讀題1 824 30,2412 5t*M6mo7 fwo三、程序完善題aj = max scorei<avgj = i ak = max2 sum += scorei 3si = si + aij prin tf( "n");4j = strlen( str ) Tstrj = k5( c = getchar( ) ) != '#' n umc-'A' += 1四、編程題1.【參考代碼】#in clude<stdio.h>#defi ne N 5int main()int aN , i , j , r

18、, temp ;prin tf( " PI ease input %d numbers'n" , N ); for( i = 0 ; i < N ; i+ )scan f( "%d" , & ai);for( i = 0 ; i < N - 1 ; i+ )r = i ;for( j = i + 1 ; j < N ; j+ ) if( aj < ar ) r = j ;if( r != i )temp = ar ; ar = ai ;ai = temp ;printf( "The array after

19、 sort:n" ) ;for( i = 0 ; i < N ; i+ )printf( "%5d" , ai ) ;printf( "n" ) ;return 0 ;2. 【參考代碼】 #include<stdio.h> int main( )int a10 = 1 , 2 , 3 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 ; int x , j , k = 0 ;printf( "Please input :x= " ) ;scanf( "%d" , &x) ;if( x &

20、gt; a7 )a8 = x ;elsefor( j = 0 ; j < 8 ; j+ ) if( x < aj ) break ;for(k = 8 ; k > j ; k- ) ak = ak - 1 ;aj = x ;for( j = 0 ; j < 9 ; j+ )printf( "%5d" , aj ) ; printf( "n" ) ; return 0 ;參考代碼】3.#include<stdio.h> int main( )int a55 = 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,1

21、3,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21, 22,23,24 ; int i , j ,sum = 0 ;for ( i = 0 ; i < 5 ; i+ )for ( j = 0 ; j < 5 ; j+) printf( "%4d" , aij ) ;printf( "n" ) ;for( i =0 ;i < 5 ; i+ ) sum += aii ;printf( " sum=%4dn" , sum ) ; return 0 ;參考代碼】4.#include<stdio.h> int ma

22、in( ) char s1100 , s230 ;int i , j ;printf( "Please input s1:" ) ; gets( s1 ) ;printf( "Please input s2:" ) ; gets( s2 ) ;for( i = 0 ; s1i != '0' ; i+ ) ;for( j = 0 ; s2j != '0' ; j+ , i+ ) s1i = s2j ;s1i = '0' ;printf( "Outputns1:" ) ;puts( s1 )

23、 ;5.return 0 ;參考代碼】 #include<stdio.h> int main( ) char s1100 ;int i ;printf( "Please input s1:" ) ;gets( s1 ) ;for( i = 0 ; s1i != '0' ; i+ ) ;printf( "The length of s1 is %dn" ,i ) ; return 0 ;第7章函數(shù)一、選擇題123456789101112131415BDDABBCBDDAADDA二、程序閱讀題1max is 22 a=1,b=23

24、 1 114 a=11,b=12,c=25 67177880 1 2 0 1 2三、程序完善題float area ( float r ) return s 2z = fun( x , y ) z = z * x 3co unt =fun( score ) coun t+ 四、編程題1. 【參考代碼】#in clude<stdio.h> int main()void f(int n);int n ;prints "PIease input: n= ” ); scan f( "%d" , &n );if( n <= 0)printf( &q

25、uot;Wrong number!n"); elsef( n );return 0 ;void f(int n)if( n % 2 = 1 )prin tf( "%d is a odd number.'n" , n );else2.printf( "%d is a even number.n" , n );【參考代碼】#in elude < stdio.h > #in elude < math.h >int main( ) void f( int m ) ;int m ;printf( "Please

26、input: m= " ) ; scanf( "%d" , &m ) ;f( m ) ;return 0 ; void f( int m )int i , k ;k = sqrt( m );for(i = 2 ; i <= k ; i+ )if( m % i = 0 ) break;if (i >= k + 1 )printf( "%d is a Prime Number.n" , m ) ;elseprintf( "%d is not a Prime Number.n" , m ) ;3.參考代碼】#i

27、nclude<stdio.h>int gys( int m , int n ) int r ; r = m % n ; while( r != 0 ) return n ;int gbs( int m , int n , int r ) return m * n / r ; int main( ) int m , n , t ;printf( "Please input(m,n) ： " ) ; scanf( "%d%d" , &m , &n ) ;if( m < n )t = gys( m , n );prin tf(

28、 "gys=%dn" , t );t = gbs( m , n , t );prin tf( "gbs=%dn" , t ); return 0 ;4.【參考代碼】#in clude<stdio.h>int main()void mystrcat( char s1100 , char s230); char s1100 , s230;prin tf( " PI ease input s1:");gets( s1 );prin tf( " PI ease inp ut s2:");gets( s2 );m

29、ystrcat( s1 , s2 );prin tf( "Out pu tns1:");p uts( s1 );return 0 ;void mystrcat( char s1100 , char s230)int i , j ;for( i = 0 ; s1i != '0' ; i+ );for( j = 0 ; s2j != '0' ; j+ , i+ ) s1i = s2j;s1i = '0'第8章編譯預處理、選擇題123456ADDABA二、程序閱讀題14 / 2716,1821535第9章指針、選擇題12345678

30、9101112DBBCDCCCDBAC1314151617CDDAC、填空題1.地址，NULL（或 0）2 .char a, * p; ,scan f("%c"3.*m4.for( k=0; k<10; k+ )5.*(p+i), p i，*(x+i)6.stri或 *( str + i )，i三、程序閱讀題1.gae2.bcdABCD3.7, 8, 84.845.3 14 26.efgh7.w,one8.7四、程序完善題1.ai或 *(a + i )2.*p !='0'*p-'O'3.p1p2-x4.max(i nt a , int

31、b );p = max,& a);,p=&a;四、編程題1.【參考代碼】#in clude<stdio.h>void sort( int *a , int *b , int *c );int mai n()int m , n , t ;prin tf( " PI ease inp ut(m n t):"); scan f( "%d%d%d" , &m , &n , &t ); sort( &m , &n , &t );printf( "The result is :%d

32、t%dt%dn" , m , n , t ) ; return 0 ; void sort( int *a , int *b , int *c ) int temp ;if( *a > *b ) temp = *a ; *a = *b ; *b = temp ; if( *a > *c ) temp = *a ; *a = *c ; *c = temp ; if( *b > *c ) temp = *b ; *b = *c ; *c = temp ; 2. 【參考代碼】 程序 1: #include <stdio.h>int strcompare( ch

33、ar *str1 , char *str2 ); int main( )int m ;char s120 , s220 , *p1 , *p2 ;printf( "Please input(string1):" ) ; scanf( "%s" , s1 ) ;printf( "Please input(string2):" ) ;scanf( "%s" , s2 ) ;m = strcompare ( s1 , s2 ) ;int printf( "The result of strcompare is:

34、 %dn" , m ) ; return 0 ;strcompare( char *str1 , char *str2 )int i = 0 ;while( ( *( str1 + i ) = *( str2 + i ) ) &&( *( str1 + i ) != '0' ) ) i+ ;return( *( str1 + i ) - *( str2 + i ) ) ;程序 2: #include <stdio.h>int strcompare( char *str1 , char *str2 ); int main( )int m ;c

35、har s120 , s220 , *p1 , *p2 ; printf( "Please input(string1):" ) ; scanf( "%s" , s1 ) ;printf( "Please input(string2):" ) ;scanf( "%s" , s2 ) ;p1 = s1 ;p2 = s2 ;m = strcompare ( p1 , p2 ) ;int printf( "The result of strcompare is: %dn" , m ) ; return

36、 0 ;strcompare( char *str1 , char *str2 )int i = 0 ;while( ( *( str1 + i ) = *( str2 + i ) ) &&( *( str1 + i ) != '0' ) ) i+ ;return( *( str1 + i ) - *( str2 + i ) ) ;程序 3: #include <stdio.h>int strcompare( char str1 , char str2 ); int main( )int m ;char s120 , s220 , *p1 , *p2

37、 ;printf( "Please input(string1):" ) ; scanf( "%s" , s1 ) ;printf( "Please input(string2):" ) ;scanf( "%s" , s2 ) ;p1 = s1 ;p2 = s2 ;m = strcompare ( p1 , p2 ) ;int printf( "The result of strcompare is: %dn" , m ) ; return 0 ;strcompare( char *str1 ,

38、 char *str2 )int i = 0 ;while( ( str1i = str2i ) &&( str1i != '0' ) ) i+ ;return( str1i- str2i ) ;第10章結構體與共用體1234567891011CBACCDDDCBD一、選擇題二、填空題1.16p->n ext=head->next head->n ext=p p->next2 .3.三、程序閱讀題1.2.51,60,21161001,Cha ngRo ng,1098.03.四、程序完善題1.2.3.五、sizeof( struct ps

39、) 或 sizeof( bt ) p=p->n extperson i.sex編程題1. 【參考代碼】#defi ne N 3#i nclude <stdio.h>struct stude nt char nu m6;char n ame8;int score2;float ave ;void input( struct stude nt stuN);void average( struct stude nt stuN);int max( struct stude nt stuN);int main()int i , j ;struct stude nt stuN;input

40、( stu );average( stu );prin tf( "NotNametScore1tScore2tAveragen");for( i = 0 ; i < N ; i+ )prin tf( "%st%st" , stui. num , stui. name ); for( j = 0 ; j < 2 ; j+ )prin tf( "%dt" , stui.scorej);printf( "%8.2fn" , stui.ave ) ;i = max( stu ) ;printf( "n

41、The max is ：n" ) ;printf( "NotNametScore1tScore2tAveragen" ) ; printf( "%st%st" , stui.num , ) ; for( j = 0 ; j < 2 ; j+ )printf( "%dt" , stui.scorej ) ;printf( "%5.2fn" , stui.ave ) ; return 0;void input( struct student stuN)int i , j ; for(

42、i=0;i<N;i+) printf("nPlease input No%d student:n",i+1); printf("No:");scanf("%s",stui.num);printf("Name:");scanf("%s",); for(j=0;j<2;j+)printf("score %d:",j+1);scanf("%d",&stui.scorej);void average( struct stude

43、nt stuN) int i , j , sum ; for(i=0;i<N;i+) for(j=0 , stui.ave = 0 ;j<2;j+) stui.ave += stui.scorej;stui.ave = stui.ave / 2 ;int max( struct student stuN)int i , max , index; max = stu0.ave ; index = 0 ;for( i = 1 ; i < N ; i+ )if( max < stui.ave )max = stui.ave ; index = i ;return index;

44、2. 【參考代碼】#include<stdio.h>#include<stdlib.h> struct nodeshort int data ; struct node *next ; ;typedef struct node NODE ; struct node *CreatLink( ) ; void PrintLink( NODE *head ) ; int max( NODE *head ); int main( )NODE *head ;int max_value ;head = CreatLink( ) ;PrintLink( head ) ; max_va

45、lue = max( head ) ;printf( "The max is:%dn" , max_value ) ; return 0 ; struct node *CreatLink( )NODE *head , *p , *q ; short int num ;head = ( NODE * )malloc( sizeof( NODE ) ) ; head->next = NULL ;p = head ;printf( "Please input( end of -1)!:n" ) ; scanf( "%d" , &

46、;num ) ;while( num != -1 )q = ( NODE *)malloc( sizeof( NODE ) ) ;q->data = num ; p->next = q ;p = q ; scanf( "%d" , &num );p->next = NULL ;return head ;void Prin tLi nk( NODE *head )NODE *p;p = head->n ext ;prin tf( "The data is:n"); while( p != NULL )prin tf( &qu

47、ot;%4d" , p->data ); p = p->next ;prin tf( "n");max( NODE *head ) intNODE *p;short int max = -32768; p = head->n ext ;while( p != NULL )if( max < p->data ) max = p->data ;p = p->next ;return max ;第11章位運算、選擇題1234DBCA二、填空題1. 0000 11112 . x | ff003. 43三、程序閱讀題 1.11 22

48、02.3.四、編程題1.【參考代碼】#in clude<stdio.h>int mai n()short int data , low ,high ;prin tf( " PI ease input( short in t):");scan f( "%d" , & data );low = data & 0x00ff ; /* 0x00ff表示低字節(jié)全 1 */high = data & 0xff00 ; /* 0xff00 表示高字節(jié)全 1 */prin tf( "data:0x%x,the value o

49、f low byte is:0x%xn" , data , high ); prin tf( "data:0x%x,the value of high byte is:0x%xn" , data , low ); return 0 ;2. 【參考代碼】#i nclude <stdio.h>int main()short int data , result ;prin tf( " PI ease intp ut(short in t):");scan f( "%d" , & data );result =

50、data 人 0x000f ; /* 0x000f 表示低 4 位全 1，高 12 位全 0 */ prin tf( "The data is 0x%x nThe result is :0x%xn" , data,result );return 0 ;第12章文件操作一、選擇題123456789101112DB、CCBBABCDBCC131415CDC二、填空題1. 二進制ASCII(文本)2 . FILE *fp# in elude <stdio.h>26 / 273.4.5. 用以獲得文件讀寫位置標記指針的位置， 于文件開頭的字節(jié)數(shù)6. 使文件讀寫位置標記指

51、針重新返回文件的開頭 三、程序閱讀題n -11buf 的首地址函數(shù)返回值為當前文件讀寫位置標記指針相對1.1 22.end3.34.hello,四、程序完善題1.2.3. 五、z+! feof (fp) fgetc (fp) fopen ( “ num.dat” ,” r” ) fp, ”%d”,&temp ( ch=getchar() )ch , fp 編程題1.【參考代碼】#include<stdio.h>#include<stdlib.h>#include<string.h>int main( )FILE *fp ;char str100 ,

52、10 ;int i = 0 ;if( ( fp = fopen( "upper.txt" , "w+" ) ) = NULL ) printf( "Cannot open file!n" ) ;exit( 0 ) ;printf( "Please input(string):n" ) ;gets( str ) ;while( stri != '!' )if( stri >= 'a' && stri <= 'z' )stri = stri -

53、 32 ;fputc( stri , fp ) ;i+ ;rewind( fp ) ;fgets( str , strlen( str ) + 1 , fp ) ; printf( "nThe result is :n" ) ; printf( "%sn" , str ) ; fclose( fp ) ;return 0 ;2.【參考代碼】#include<stdio.h>#include<stdlib.h>#define N 5 struct studentchar num10 ; char name8 ;int score3

54、;float ave ; stuN ;int main( )int i , j , sum ;FILE *fp ;for( i = 0 ; i < N ; i+ ) printf( "nPlease input student information: n" , i + 1 ) ; printf( "No:" ) ;scanf( "%s" , stui.num ) ;printf( "Name:" ) ;scanf( "%s" , ) ;sum = 0 ;for( j

55、= 0 ; j < 3 ; j+ )printf( "Score%d:" , j + 1 ) ; scanf( "%d" , &stui.scorej ) ; sum += stui.scorej ;stui.ave = sum / 3.0 ;if( ( fp = fopen( "stud.dat" , "w" ) ) = NULL ) printf( "cannot open stud for write!n" ) ; exit( 0 ) ;for( i = 0 ; i <

56、 N ; i+ )fwrite( &stui , sizeof( struct student ) , 1 , fp ) ; fclose( fp ) ;if( ( fp = fopen( "stud.dat" , "r" ) ) = NULL ) printf( "cannot open stud for read!n" ) ; exit( 0 ) ;printf( "nNotNametScore1tScore2tAveragen" ) ;for( i = 0 ; i < N ; i+ ) fread( &a