than的用法詳解

1、全面解析than得用法、more/ less/ adj+er than注：此分析未包括as/like主語比較1、1 than前若有賓語，則其后得助詞需補(bǔ)出，時(shí)態(tài)要據(jù)后定。主語相同可1、The pay of senior executives in creased in 1990 by a larger p erce ntage tha n did the wages of other salaried workers、2、As a result of the con ti nuing decli ne in the birth rate, fewer people will en ter th

2、e labor force in the 1980 s than did in the 1960s and 1970 s, a twe nty-year p eriod duri ng which people born after the war swelled the ranks of workers、（主語people相同且無定語成分則省之，但 did不能?。?、Several studies have found that the coronary p atie nts who exercise most actively are at least fifty p erce nt le

3、ss likely tha n those who are sede ntary to die of a heart attack、（主語相同且有定語成分，必須要 that/those來指代）1、2 than前只有BE + ADJ則其后得主語無須補(bǔ)助詞。1、Even though Bela Bartok s music has proved less popular than Igor Strav insky s and less in flue ntial tha n Arnold Schon berg s, it is no less imp orta nt、2、In 1982 the m

4、edia n in come for married-co up le families with a wage-ear ning wife was $9,000 more tha n that for families in which only the husba nd was empio yed、1、3 than前有兩個(gè)動(dòng)詞，比較主語無須補(bǔ)助詞。1、A study commissi oned by the Dep artme nt of Agriculture showed that if calves exercise and associate with other calves,

5、they have require less medicati on and gain weight more quickly tha n those raised in confin eme nt、than后名詞前得介詞要補(bǔ)出1、Agi ng is a prop erty of all ani mals that reach a fixed size at maturity, and the variati ons in life spans among differe nt sp ecies are far greater tha n those among in dividuals of

6、 the same sp ecies: a fruit fly is an cie nt at 40 days, a mouse at 3 years, a horse at 30, a man at 100, and some tortoises at 150 介賓得比較。2、The in vestor who is un certa in about the future is more likely to put money into blue-chi p stocks or treasury bills tha n into gold、3、Nowhere in P rakta is t

7、he in flue nee of moder n Euro pean architecture more apparent than in its government buildings、（倒裝句）4、The huma n growth horm one, made by the p ituitary gla nd, is secreted in higher concen trati ons duri ng slee p tha n duri ng wak ing hours、賓語比較，一般加that/those1、In additi on to hav ing more p rotei

8、n tha n wheat does, rice has p rotein of higher quality tha n that in wheat, with more of the ami no acids esse ntial to the human diet、（B-p106-19） 賓語補(bǔ)語，比較結(jié)構(gòu)修飾賓語，無須補(bǔ)出助詞1、In his eager ness to find a city worthy of P riam, the Germa n archaeologist Schliema nn cut through Troy and un covered a civiliz

9、ati on a thousa nd years more ancient than the city known to Homer s heroes2、Domestic automobile manufacturers have invested millions of dollars in research to devel op cars eve n more gasoli ne-efficie nt tha n those at p rese nt on the road、3、The man was always aware, sometimes p roudly and someti

10、mes rese ntfully, that he was a small-tow n Midwester ner thrust into a world domin ated by wealthier, better-educated, and more p olished people tha n he、4、Bihar is In dia s state, with an annual p erca pita in come of $111 lower tha n that of the most impoverished countries of the world、5、Florida

11、will gain ano ther quarter-milli on jobs this year alone, many of them in such high-paying fields as electronics and banking, making the state s economy far more diversified tha n it was ten years ago （需要解釋）(5) likely引導(dǎo)得表語比較1、 St、 Joh n s , Newfo un dla nd, lies on the same latitude as P aris, Fran

12、ce, but in spring St、 Johns residents are less likely to be sitting at outdoor cafes than to be brac ing themselves aga inst arctic chills, shoveli ng snow, or seek ing shelter from a raging n ortheast storm、2、Accord ing to a rece nt study, the elderly in the Un ited States are four times more likel

13、y to give regular finacial aid to their children than to receive it from them、(6)賓語+介詞混合結(jié)構(gòu):1、 Although Napoleon s army entered Russia with far more supplies than for any p revious camp aig n, it had pro visi ons for only twen ty-four days、2、Once po siti oned in sp ace, the Hubble Sp ace Telesc ope w

14、ill cap ture light from source twenty times fai nter tha n those that can be detected by groun d-based in strume nts、句子得比較1、 In Japan elderly people are treated with far greater resp ect tha n they are in most Wester n coun tries、2、For many travelers, charter vacati ons ofte n turn out to cost con s

15、iderablymore tha n they origi nally seemed、3、Holla nd spends a larger p erce ntage of its gross n ati onal p roduct on defe nding its coasts from risi ng seas tha n the Un ited States does on military defense、句子比較4、Two new studies in dicate that many people become obese more because their bodies bur

16、n calories too slowly tha n because they eat too much5、 Dr、Hakuta s research among His pan ic childre n in the Un ited States in dicates that the more the childre n use both Spanish and En glish, the greater their in tellectual adva ntage in skills un derly ing readi ng ability and nonv erbal logic

17、(B-p106-7)(8) tha n ever, tha n an tic ip ated/ estimated 1、 The report on the gross national productthe nation s total production of goods and services- showed that sec on d-quarter in flati on was somewhat lower than p reviously estimated and that the sav ings rate was slightly higher2、 The finan

18、cial crash of October 1987 dem on strated that the world s cap ital markets are more closely in tegrated tha n ever before and that eve nts in one part of the global village may be tran smitted to the rest of the village almost in sta ntan eously、(9) more than, less than 及其她。9、1視同副詞1、Foun ded in 198

19、3, the magaz ine has since more tha n doubled its circulati on and its advertis ing、2、 The nu mber of un dergraduate degrees in engin eeri ng awarded by colleges and uni versities in the Un ited States more tha n doubled from 1978 to 19853、Degler does more tha n merely summarize existi ng research;

20、he con structs a cohere nt p icture of two cen turies of studies deali ng with the cha nging roles of wome n、4、A Labor Dep artme nt study states that the nu mber of wome n empio yed outside the home in creased by more tha n thirty-five p erce nt in the p ast decade and acco un ted for more tha n six

21、ty-two p erce nt of the total growth in the civilia n work force、5、Less detrime ntal tha n the effects of bacterial tran sformatio n are the effects of bacterial deteriorati on: sp oilage of food, corrosi on of metals, decay of wood, and other un desirable alter nati ons of substa nces、6、No less rem

22、arkable tha n the devel opment of the compact disc has bee n the use of the new tech no logy to revitalize, in better sound tha n was ever before po ssible, some of the classic recorded p erforma nces of the p re-L P era7、 Eve n though the direct costs of mal practice dis pu tes amoun ted to less th

23、a n one p erce nt of the $541 billi on the n atio n spent on health care last year, doctors say fear of lawsuits pl ays a major role in health-care in flati on、8、 With total sales of less tha n three hun dred thousa nd dollars and fewer new subscribers tha n last year, the New En gla nd Theatre Comp

24、any is in dan ger of los ing its build ing、9、2視同形容詞9、No less an authority tha n Walter Cron kite has rep orted that half of allAmerica ns n ever read a book10、 IRS pro visi on 354-B requires that an S corpo rati on with assets of greater than $200,000 send W-2 forms to its full-a nd p art-time empio

25、 yees on or before Jan 31、(10)插入語1、 The visit ing p harmacologists con cluded that the p rese nt amalgam of Chin ese and Wester n medic ine is p robably as good as, or better tha n, any other system that might be devised for the p atie nts treated at the Nan Kai hos pital in Tian-jing、2、The use of c

26、hemical p esticides in this country is as exte nsive as it was ten years ago, if not more so二、非比較，但與比較相關(guān):1、 Accord ing to surveys by the Nati onal In stitute on Drug Abuse, about 20 p erce nt of young adults used coca ine in 1979, twice the nu mber rep orted in the 1977 survey、同位語2、 Of the twin supe

27、rno vas, the more rece ntly discovered it the larger, but it is the smaller one that has irrevocably altered astro no mists ideas about the orig ins of the uni verse、than常見語法難點(diǎn)講解Than在不同情況下得用法、后接人稱代詞用主格還就是賓格由于than既可用作連詞也可用作介詞，所以當(dāng)后接人稱代詞時(shí)，可用主格也可 用賓格。通常認(rèn)為在正式文體中多用主格，在口語或非正式文體中多用賓語。如:Everyo ne here is tal

28、ler than I me、這兒得每一個(gè)人都比我高。Her sister swims faster than she her她姐姐游泳比她快。但就是，若人稱代詞之后跟有動(dòng)詞，則只能用主格。如:Every one here is taller than I am 這兒得每一個(gè)人都比我高。注意：有時(shí)用主格或賓格會(huì)導(dǎo)致意思得變化。比較:I love you more tha n he (likes you) 我比她更愛您。I love you more than (he likes) him 我愛您勝過愛她。二、后接動(dòng)詞用不定式還就是動(dòng)名詞1、當(dāng)連接兩個(gè)非謂語動(dòng)詞時(shí)，誦常應(yīng)使用一樣得形式。如:It

29、is much easier to get into debt tha n to get out of it、借債容易還債難。He likes playing chess more than watching TV 與瞧電視相比，她更喜歡下棋。比較:He thinks it is safer to drive himself than (to) let me drive 、 =He thinks that driving himself is safer than lett ing me drive、她認(rèn)為她自己開車比讓我開車要更安全些。2、若不就是連接兩個(gè)非謂語動(dòng)詞，則其后出現(xiàn)得動(dòng)詞通常用動(dòng)

30、名詞形式（雖然也可用不定式，但不如用動(dòng)名詞普通）。如：There are worse calamities than failing your driving test 比起您駕駛考試不合格來 說，更大得災(zāi)難還多著呢。Nothi ng gives me more pl easure tha n liste ning to Mozart 再?zèng)]有比聽莫扌 L特得樂 曲更讓我高興得事了。Noth ing is more unp leasa nt tha n finding to find in sects in your bath、最使人不快得就是在浴室里發(fā)現(xiàn)有蟲子。三、引導(dǎo)比較狀語從句得時(shí)態(tài)問題若

31、than引導(dǎo)得比較狀語從句與主句動(dòng)作不一致，可以根據(jù)情況使用適當(dāng)?shù)脮r(shí)態(tài) 形式。如：He drives faster tha n he did a year ago 她開車比一年以前快了。The house is rather bigger than we thought 這所房子比我們想得大得多。若主句為將來時(shí),than引導(dǎo)得從句可用現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)表示將來，也可直接使用將來 時(shí)態(tài)。如：Wel probably drive faster than you do will、 我們開車可能會(huì)比您們快。四、引導(dǎo)比較狀語從句得倒裝問題than引導(dǎo)比較狀語從句時(shí)，從句語序通常不需倒裝，但在正式文體中，有時(shí)也 可

32、倒裝。如：City dweller has a higher death rate tha n country people does =City dweller has a higher death rate than does country people 城市居民死亡率比 農(nóng)村居民咼。五、引導(dǎo)比較狀語從句且在從句中充當(dāng)成分有時(shí)可引導(dǎo)一個(gè)從句并在從句中充當(dāng)句子成分 （主語、賓語、表語），為便于理解, 有時(shí)可視為than后省略了 what:We don twa nt to do more tha n is n ecessaryt 我們不想做不必要得事情。The pain was almost

33、 more tha n he could beat 這樣得痛苦幾乎使她受不了。Shenot a very good manager she always spends more money than she earn、她 不大會(huì)理財(cái)一一總就是入不敷出。Life here is much easier than it used to be 如今在此地生活比起從前可舒服多了。比較下面一句，than后得expected為省略結(jié)構(gòu):He retur ned three days earlier tha n (he was) expected 她回來得比預(yù)料得要早三 天。六、后接時(shí)間或條件狀語從句若語義

34、需要，有時(shí)其后可接when引導(dǎo)得時(shí)間狀語從句 以及L引導(dǎo)得條件狀語從 句。如：You are a little fatter than whe n I saw you last 您比我上次見您時(shí)胖點(diǎn)了。Joe carries only nine pounds more than when he was twenty 喬比她 20 歲時(shí)只重 了九磅。They work better together than if they are alone、 她們一起干比她們單干效果要 好。七、同質(zhì)比較還就是異質(zhì)比較than通常用于兩個(gè)不同得人或物在同一方面進(jìn)行比較，但有時(shí)指得可能就是同 _ 一個(gè)人或物在兩

35、個(gè)不同得方面進(jìn)行比較，此時(shí)只用于 moretha n結(jié)構(gòu)，而不 能用-erthan得形式(即使就是單音節(jié)也就是如此)，這類結(jié)構(gòu)通?？勺g為“與其不如”“有無”。如：Hesmore fat than short、與其說她矮不如說她胖。They are more brave tha n wise 她們有勇無謀。If we tell him about it, it may do more harm tha n good、 倘若我們把情況告訴她, 那可能弊多利少。八、與never (a)連用時(shí)如何理解有時(shí)than 與帶有 never (a) 得比較級(jí)結(jié)構(gòu)連用，表示強(qiáng)調(diào)，通常表示最高級(jí)得含 義。如：I

36、e n ever had a worse morni ng tha n today 我哪一天早上也不像今天早上這樣倒 霉。若意思明確，有時(shí)可省略 than 結(jié)構(gòu)。如:He is fin e, never better、她很好，比以往任何時(shí)候都好。Ie n ever see n a finer bird 我從未見過比這更美得鳥。Ie never fou nd a better job、這就是我找到得最好得工作。九、than any other后接名詞用單數(shù)還就是復(fù)數(shù)than any other后接名詞時(shí)通常用單數(shù)形式，很少用復(fù)數(shù)。如:He swims faster than any other

37、student in his class 她比班上得其她任何學(xué)生都游 得快。More heat is lost through the head tha n any other part of the body、 從頭部散發(fā)得 熱量比身體得其她任何部位都多。十、幾組容易理解出錯(cuò)得than習(xí)語1、“ no +比較級(jí)+than”與“ not +比較級(jí)+than”(1) “ no +比較級(jí)+than” 用于否定兩者，表示“與一樣不”，其義大致相當(dāng)于其中形容詞或副詞得反義詞用于 asas結(jié)構(gòu)。如：He is no richer than a beggar =He is as poor as a beg

38、gar 她窮如乞丐。This one is no better than that one、=This one is as bad as that one 這個(gè)與那個(gè)一 樣不好?！?not +比較級(jí)+than ”得意思就是“不比更”“不如”。如:He is n ot richer than you 她不如您富有。This one is not better tha n that one、 這個(gè)不如那個(gè)好。2、no less than, no less、than 與 not less than(1) no less than有兩個(gè)意思：一就是表示“多達(dá)”“有 之多”，強(qiáng)調(diào)數(shù)量之 多；二就是表示“簡直”“與沒有差別”。如：We walked no less tha n three miles 我們走了三英里之遠(yuǎn)。We won no less than 50