英語8上外研版全冊綜合：詞語鏈接解析（m1—3）

1、英語8上外研版全冊綜合：詞語鏈接解析（M13）Module 1 How to learn English一詞語鏈接：1. translate (v.) translation (n.) translator (n.人), pronounce (v.) pronunciation (n.) advise (v.) advice (U.n.), improve (v.) improvement (n.), breathe (v.) breath (n.) 2. correct (v.;adj.=right)wrong 3. repeat = say again 4.write/spell (v.)

2、 writing/spelling (n.) 5. base (n./v.) basic (adj.)6. remember-forget, shy-outgoing(shy-shyer/shier-shyest/shiest), start-end, deep - low (反義詞) 7. start=begin/open(同義詞) 8. forget forgot -forgotten, hear -heard -heard, send sent -sent 9. other 與else（別的，其它的） else作形容詞時，通常放在疑問代詞what或anything , something

3、, nothing, nobody,等不定代詞之后； else作副詞時，通常放在疑問副詞或anywhere等不定副詞之后。other作形容詞，通常放在被修飾的名詞之前; other還可作代詞。A. 1. What else do you want? Is there anybody else in the room?2. When else can I come? Would you like to go somewhere else?B. Please come some other day. 請改日再來。Do you want any other colours?10. each與ever

4、yeach 指兩者或多者，強調(diào)個體情況，既是代詞，又是形容詞，常作主語/賓語/同位語等。every指三者或三者以上，強調(diào)全體情況，只是形容詞，只作定語（與all近義）例：1.Each of them has a bag with them.(主) 2.He gave one to each of us two.(賓) 3.Each boy has a ball in their hands.(定) 4.They each have four wheels. (同) 5.Every student has gone to the shop.(定語)=All of the students hav

5、e gone to the shop.注意：1). each和every作定語時，后面名詞只用單數(shù)，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。（例3、5） each作同位語時，謂語和其前面的主語保持一致。（例4） 2). each of后面接帶the的復(fù)數(shù)名詞或復(fù)數(shù)賓格代詞，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。 3). “every+基數(shù)詞+復(fù)數(shù)名詞”或“every+序數(shù)詞+單數(shù)名詞”表“每(隔)-”的意思。例：1.The Olympic Games are held every four years(every fourth year). 2. every other day (每隔一天)=every two days11. hope

6、與 wish (wish 常用于表示某種愿望，實現(xiàn)的可能性較hope小)A. I hope (that) I can visit the Great Wall next week. (接賓語從句) I hope to visit the Great Wall next week. (接不定式作賓語)簡單應(yīng)答語：I hope so. (我希望如此) I hope not. (我希望不是)； wish不能用。B. I wish ( that )I could fly to the moon some day. (賓語從句常用虛擬語氣) I wish to fly to the moon some

7、day. (接不定式作賓語) I wish you to have a pleasant journey. (wish后接不定式作賓語補足語) I wish you a pleasant journey. (wish后可接雙賓語) I wish you happy all your life. (wish + 賓語 + 賓語補足語adj.)12. advice不可數(shù)名詞, 可用名量詞短語修飾 a piece of advice, some pieces of advice give sb. some advice (給某人提建議); ask (sb.) for some advice (向某人

8、征求建議)Module 2 Experiences一詞語鏈接： 1. experience n.v. experienced adj. 2. compete v.- competition n. competitor (n.人)3. wonder n.- wonderful adj. 4. music n. musician n.(人) 5. Italy n. Italian adj. 6. west n. western adj. 7. sit v. seat n. 8. beside = next to 9. brilliant =excellent 10. problem (需解決的問題

9、work on-solve/work out) 和question (需回答的問題-ask/answer) 11. buy sell 12.entertain v. entertainment n. 13. sell sold sold, dream dreamed /dreamt-dreamed / dreamt 14. name = say out, reckon = think of 修飾mark用high活 low。15. experience(“經(jīng)驗”，不可數(shù)；“經(jīng)歷”，可數(shù)) This is a maths teacher with rich experience in teach

10、ing. Could you tell me your experiences in Africa?Module 3 Journey to space一詞語鏈接：1. several = a few 2. discover v. discovery n. 3. recent adj. recently adv. 4. over = more than 5. alone = by oneself 6. extrance exit, manned - unmanned (反義)7. prefer = likebetter 8. secret n.secretary n.(人) 9. explore

11、 v. explorer n.(人) exploration n.(事) 10. mission= task 11. busy adj. business n. 12. return = come back / give back (return后面不能再加back) return to/from 12. discover 與invent discover：發(fā)現(xiàn) 其對象是一直存在的，以往未被人們認識或發(fā)現(xiàn)。invent: 發(fā)明 其對象是以前沒有的東西，而且往往是物質(zhì)性的東西。例：Columbus discovered America. Thomas Edison invented many u

12、seful things. 13. also, too 與either also 比too更正式，只能用在肯定句中，一般緊緊靠近動詞(多在動詞之前，或be動詞、助動詞及情態(tài)動詞之后)。too 一般放在句末，或作為插入語放在句中，只能用在肯定句中，口語常與also通用。 either 用于否定句，放在句末。例：My father is a teacher, my mother is also a teacher. My father is a teacher, my mother is a teacher, too. My father doesnt go to work today, my m

13、other doesnt, either.14. none, nobody與no one的用法： none即可指代人，也可指代事物，表示“沒有一個人/東西”（強調(diào)數(shù)量）作主/賓語等。后面可跟of短語。作主語時，如其指代的是復(fù)數(shù)名詞，謂語用單、復(fù)數(shù)都行（強調(diào)整體時謂語常用復(fù)數(shù)；強調(diào)個體時則常用單數(shù)）；如其指代的是不可數(shù)名詞，謂語用單數(shù)形式。常用來回答how many或how much以及特定范圍的問題。例：1.-How many of the women are nurses? None(of them is/are). （主語）2.-How much water is left in the

14、bottle? None(of it is). （主語）3.-Which of the boys plays football well? None(of them does). （主語）4. Are there any students in the classroom?-None. （主語）5. I understood none of the questions. （賓語）6. None of us like/likes it. （主語） nobody和no one都指代人，表示“沒有人”（強調(diào)人），做主語時，謂語用單數(shù)，后面不跟of短語。?；卮饂ho和不確定的問題，在句中做主語或賓語。

15、例：1. Luckily, nobody/no one was hurt in this accident. （主語）2.-Who went to the zoo last week?. Nobody/No one (did). （主語）3. I can see nobody in the room. （賓語）15. alone 與lonely alone 用作形容詞，表“單獨的”(=by oneself)一個人或物，說明客觀情況；只作表語。lonely用作形容詞，表“孤獨、寂寞的”內(nèi)心感受，說明主觀情況。作表語或定語。 例：I was alone at home, but I dont fe

16、el lonely. alone 還可用作副詞，表示“獨自地”一個人或物=by oneself。 例：The lonely boy had to walk there alone. alone 作形容詞，還可意為“僅僅；只有”，必須放在所被修飾的名詞、代詞后面。 例：You cant live on meat alone. = You cant only live on meat. 16. real 與truereal 指實際與其外貌或傳說相符（客觀狀況）；true 則指與實際或真實情況相符，而非虛假的（抽象內(nèi)涵）。在表示某事是真實的時候，往往可以通用。 例：Is this real leat

17、her or plastic? That is a true friendship/story. Tell me the true / real reason for your absence. really 與trulyreally 常用于表說話的語氣或程度（客觀狀況）；truly 常用于表態(tài)度（抽象內(nèi)涵）。 例：Its really nice of you to say so. I m truly sorry for doing that. 17. arrive, get 與reach arrive vi. (不及物動詞)，表示到某地時(名詞)，后面接介詞in(大地方)或at(小地方)。g

18、et vi. (不及物動詞), 表示到某地時(名詞)，后面接介詞to。但地方如為home, here. there副詞時，上述兩個動詞都不用介詞。 例：1. He has arrived in Beijing. They arrived at the small village last night. Tom has arrived here. 2. I got to Beijing two days ago. Has he got home? reach vt. (及物動詞)，后面直接接地點名詞；vi. (不及物動詞)，后面直接接home, here, there等地點副詞。 例：They

19、have reached Beijing. LiLei reached home late last night. 注意：單獨使用時常用arrive, 而不用其他兩個詞。 例：They had left when I arrived.18. pay, spend, cost 與take Sb. pay (sb. money) for sth. 某人為-付款LiLei paid me five yuan for the knife. I have paid for the tickets.(pay賓語常為金錢或表代價的詞, 可帶雙賓語) Sb. spend time / money (in) d

20、oing sth. 某人花費時間或金錢做某事 Sb. spend time / money on sth. 某人在某事物上花費時間或金錢 I spend half an hour (in) doing my homework every evening. He spent 20 yuan on the dictionary. Sth. cost (sb.) money 某物花費某人金錢或代價(cost后面可帶雙賓語) The dictionary cost him 20 yuan.(=He paid 20yuan for the dictionary./ He spent 20 yuan on

21、 the dictionary) The dictionary costs 20 yuan. ( 問句：How much does the dictionary cost?) It + take + sb + some time + to do sth. 做某事花費某人時間或精力 (不定式真正主語，take 后面可帶雙賓語) It has taken him two months to get there. (=He has spent two months in getting there.)How long does it take to reach Beijing? Sb. + take + some time + to do sth. 某人花費時間/精力做某事 He took an hour to finish the work. = It took him an hour to finish the work. (=He spent an hour in finishing the work./ He spent an hour on the work.)說明：pay, spend常以人作主語；cost常以物作主語；take常以事情(不定式)做真正主語（后置，it做形式主語）19. pre