牛津版英語初一語法總結(jié)及練習(xí)

1、牛津版英語初一語法總結(jié)及練習(xí)一、語法1. 用be going to 描寫不久將發(fā)生的事情。例：We”re going go have a lot of delicious food. 我們將吃許多美味食品。2. 用情態(tài)動詞提出禮貌的請求。例：May I speak to _, please? 我可以和講話嗎？3. 用need to 表示需要。例：She needs to buy some她需要買一些4. 用固定表達(dá)表示喜好。例： I”d rather have more snacks. 我寧愿再吃一些小吃。5. 用副詞表示時間順序和過程。例：Firstly, /Secondly,/Thirdl

2、y, 第一，/第二，/第三，二、1. 介詞 under 在下 under a dripping tap for 為 wait for sb+一段時間 for three daysby 以某種方式 by bus by fixing dripping tapwithout 不帶 a book without pictures2. 連詞if 的用法（1）if 表示如果,引起條件狀語從句。（2）if 引起的從句如果是一般現(xiàn)在時，那么主句會是將來時，祈使句或含情態(tài)動詞。eg: If there is no rain ,there will be no water to drink.Don”t watch

3、 too much television if something is wrong with your eyes.If he comes, you can go.3. 祈使句（1）表示命令或請求。 Come here.（2）祈使句中動詞用原形。Let”s go .（3）分類 Don” run downstairs.Let”s go to school by bus.Give me an apple ,please.三、1. When的用法（1）用作特殊疑問詞，對時間段或點(diǎn)進(jìn)行提問（什么時候）在對時間點(diǎn)提問時與what time可以替換：We get to school at six.When

4、(What time) do you get to school?（2）連詞when 當(dāng)時主句是情態(tài)動詞，從句用一般現(xiàn)在時。What can we see when there is a typhoon?When作連詞接一般過去時從句They were talking when the teacher came in.與While they were talking, the teacher came in.（3）方式副詞的用法1. 構(gòu)成 adj+lytighttightly緊緊地 slight slightly輕輕地quickquickly迅速地 fiercefiercely猛烈地immed

5、iateimmediately立刻 lightlightly 輕輕地 happyhappily高興地 gentlegently輕柔地用法：用于修飾動詞，放在行為動詞后。eg: They flew their kite happily in the gentle breeze.The leaves blew slightly in the wind.四、1. 情態(tài)動詞can may must的用法can may must +動詞原形can 表示能力，能夠做may 表示可能或可以must則表示必須，與have to 可替換，但must強(qiáng)調(diào)主觀推測must be 表示推測2. 介詞in on at

6、outside的用法3. There引導(dǎo)的there be句型（1）there be 句型 there is +單數(shù)名詞/不可數(shù)名詞there are +復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞（2）There be 句型中be有就近一致的用法There is a pen and two rulers.There are two rulers and a pen.（3）There be 句型表示某地存在某物（4）There be 與have的區(qū)別， There be 強(qiáng)詞某地有某物，而have強(qiáng)調(diào)所屬，但有時可替換。There are five floors in the building.=The building h

7、as five floors.五、被動語態(tài)：意義：當(dāng)謂語表示一個動作，主語和它可以有兩種不同關(guān)系，即主動關(guān)系和被動關(guān)系，表示被動關(guān)系時叫被動語態(tài)。特點(diǎn)：動作執(zhí)行者在被動語態(tài)中可以由介詞by引導(dǎo)。eg：History is made by people.構(gòu)成：be+動詞的過去分詞eg:It is made of wood. 一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)is /are +過去分詞eg:They are respected(尊重)by everybody in the country.一般將來時的被動語態(tài)will be +動詞過去分詞It will be finished next week.一般過去時的被

8、動語態(tài)was /were +過去分詞It was built by Early men.主動語態(tài)變被動語態(tài)（1）原句中主語變?yōu)橘e語，原句賓語變主語，變后的賓語由by引導(dǎo)（2）注意時態(tài),選擇be的適當(dāng)形式（3）原句中動詞變?yōu)檫^去分詞例： LuXun wrote this book in 1919.This book was written by LuXun in 1919.六、時態(tài)：一般現(xiàn)在時與一般過去時一般現(xiàn)在時一般過去時定義表示經(jīng)常習(xí)慣的動作表示過去經(jīng)常習(xí)慣的動作構(gòu)成主+動原（或單三）+其它主+過去式+其他標(biāo)志詞（1）every（2）on Sunday(1)last(2)yesterday(

9、3) ago否定句主+don”t /doesn”t+動原+其他主+didn”t+動原形+其他一般疑問句Does/Do+主+動原+其他Did+主+動原+其他注：動詞過去式的構(gòu)成規(guī)則變化：1. 動詞后直接+ed �walk�walked2. 以e結(jié)尾+d �close�closed3. 雙寫詞尾+ed �stop �stopped4. 以輔音加y結(jié)尾� y變i+ed carry�carried常見的不規(guī)則變化iswas catchcaughtarewere drivedrovegowent taketookdodid findfound七、1. 介詞

10、 next to 緊挨著opposite 在對面near在附近betweenand 在與之間2. 提建議的幾種方法（1）Shall we put the table next to the window?（2）What about putting it over there?（3）Would you like to put it over there?（4）Let”s put it opposite the sofa.（5）You”d better put it opposite the sofa.八、1. 一般疑問句分類：（1）含有be動詞的一般疑問句變法，be 動詞提至主語前。例：He i

11、s a teacher. Is he a teacher?(2)含有情態(tài)動詞的一般疑問句變法，情態(tài)動詞提至主語前。例：He can swim. Can he swim?(3)含有行為動詞的一般疑問句變法，在主語前加Does/Do /Did，動詞變回原形。例：He watches TV every day. Does he watch TV every day？They go to school by bus. Do they go to school by bus？They went to the beach yesterday. Did they go to the beach yester

12、day？2. 特殊疑問句特殊疑問詞+一般疑問句常見的特殊疑問詞how long多久 what什么how far多遠(yuǎn) where哪里how much多少 who誰how many 多少 whose誰的how soon 多久以后 which哪一個(how)如何 when 什么時候what colour 什么顏色 what time幾點(diǎn)3. 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時構(gòu)成：主+be +動詞ingHe is swimming.句型轉(zhuǎn)換：肯定句He is singing.否定句 He isn”t singing.一般疑問句 Is he singing?提問：What is he doing?動詞ing的變法 直接詞尾+

13、ing sing singing以e結(jié)尾去e+ing take taking以一個輔音字母結(jié)尾重讀閉音節(jié)單詞sit�sitting4. 形容詞 （1）放在be動詞后作表語。（2）放在名詞前做定語，It”s an interesting book.本單元出現(xiàn)的形容詞：exciting/busy /interesting/convenient/noisy /peaceful /quiet/pleasant/relaxing九、1. 情態(tài)動詞。(a)情態(tài)動詞后動詞用原形 例：We must go.(b)常用的幾個情態(tài)動詞can能夠，表示可能性及能力I can swim. You can go

14、there by bus.could-can的過去式語氣比could can委婉，多用于請求，Could you give me an apple?May 可以/可能 It may be a cat.May I come in?Must必須 We must go home at 5pm.Mustn”t 一定不能（表示禁止）You mustn”t take animals to his bedroom.Need需要 You need go to hospital at once.注must 引起的一般疑問句其否定回答不用mustn”t 而用needn”t Must I go now?No, yo

15、u needn”t.2. 祈使句（a）無主語 Open the door.(b)動詞用原形 Don”t run.(c)常見的幾種祈使句Open the window.Don”t swim in the river.No dogs. No smoking.Let”s go.3. 介詞介詞in on at區(qū)別：（1）表示時間時 in +年/日/季節(jié)/早晚on+星期/具體日期/具體早晚at+具體時間點(diǎn)in 1990/in May/in summer/in the morningon Monday/on May 2nd/on a cold evening at 7:00/at night/at noo

16、n(2)表示地點(diǎn)in 在里 in the boxon表示在表面上 on the deskat 在具體某點(diǎn) at the corner十、（一）提建議的幾種方法1. Shall we +動詞原形Shall we go to the beach?2. Let”s +動詞原形（Let”s not+動原）Let”s have a barbecue.3. Would you like +to do Would you like to go cycling?4. Why don”t +句子Why don”t we go to the concert?5. Why not+動詞原形Why not have

17、some seafood?6. What about +動ingWhat about going swimming?7. You”d better +動原You”d better go there by bus.（二）Used to表示過去常常used to +動詞原形I used to spend all my pocket money.十一、語法(1)wh特殊疑問句when 表示時間 what 問內(nèi)容 where 問地點(diǎn)how 問情況如何 why 問原因 who 問人根據(jù)答句補(bǔ)全問句1. _are they going to do?They are going to have an int

18、ernational food festival.2. _are they going to do it?It”s because they want to raise money for the SPCA.3. _are they going to do it?They”re going to do it at school.4. _are they going to do it?They”re going to do it on Saturday 1 March.5. _are they going to do it ?They”re going to make different kin

19、ds of food.6. _is going to help them?Peter”s father is going to help them. （2）一般將來時 be going to 表示打算陳述句 主be +going to +動詞原形否定 主be +not + going to +動詞原形提問 特殊疑問句be+主going to +動原其它。I”m going to have a hot dog.I”m not going to have a hot dog.Are you going to have a hot dog ?(3)用表示命令的動詞表示命令，也是祈使句Sift the

20、 flour and the salt.Add the sugar.Use your hands to make it into a dough.十二、(一)問路與指路1. 問路的方法(1)How can I get to City Cinema?(2)Which is the way to City Cinema?(3)Could you tell me the way to City Cinema?(4)Where is the nearest cinema?(5)Is there a cinema near here?2. 指路的方法(1)Turn left / Turn right.(

21、2)Walk along Tree Road.(3)Turn left into Rose street.(4)You will find the city cinema on your right.（二）so 與neither引起的倒裝句。表示（也是如此）So +動詞（助動詞/情態(tài)動詞/be動詞）+主語肯定Neither +動詞（助動詞/情態(tài)動詞/be動詞）+主語否定舉例：(1)He can swim, so can I.(2)Tom doesn”t like swimming. Neither do I.(3)He “d rather go by bus. So would I.十三、（一

22、）現(xiàn)在完成時1. 構(gòu)成 主語+have /has +過去分詞+其它（時間）2. 句型轉(zhuǎn)換 肯定句I have eaten rice for many years.否定句 I haven”t eaten rice for many years.一般疑問句 Have you eaten rice for many years?3. 過去分詞的構(gòu)成（同過去式）��規(guī)則的不規(guī)則的另見不規(guī)則動詞表規(guī)則的 直接加 ed want-wanted以e結(jié)尾加 d decide decided雙寫字母最后加 ed wrap-wrapped不規(guī)則（常見的）go gone come- come eat-e

23、aten have-hadsing-sung send-sent spend- spent send-sentwrite-written read read be been see-seen關(guān)鍵詞 since+點(diǎn)時間 People have eaten turkey at Christmas since1650.（二）which引導(dǎo)的句子做定語A large log of wood which people usually burn on Christmas Eve.（三）介詞with的用法1. with表示帶有 the sweater with long sleevesthe dress w

24、ith blue spots2. with 表示與某人一致 agree with you 3. with 表示與一起 come with me 課堂練習(xí)一、a用動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1. I _(send)you a card in two days.2. He _(watch)TV last night.3. Tom often _(go)to school by bike.4. Look, he _(fly)a kite now.5. I have _(seen)this film.b用適當(dāng)形式填空1. Ben and Peter went home_(immediate).2. The wi

25、nd blew_(fierce).3. They played _(happy).4. The clouds in the sky moved _(quick).5. The leaves blew_(slight).c用適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~1. Put the table _ the sofa and the TV.2. Tom sits _ to jack.3. The tree is in _of the house.4. The pen is _the desk.5. Put your shoes _ the bed.d用適當(dāng)疑問詞填空1. _is Christmas Eve.2. _ don”

26、t you go there by bus?3. _is my pen? It”s on the desk.4. _ will help us? Mum.5. _is the way to the park?二、必考題型介紹1. 單詞拼寫（a）選擇并抄寫（1）We”d like to take some_(pictures /photos).（2）Don”t fall asleep May, what”s the_(time / matter)?（b）根據(jù)漢語提示寫出單詞正確形式（1）A _(導(dǎo)游)will show you around Pairs.（2）We had two world_(

27、戰(zhàn)爭)in the last century.2. 根據(jù)圖畫詞語配伍3. 字母組詞（1）It”s a _(i t p y) for Kitty not to go to Ben”s birthday party.（2）Put the _(c i g n i)on the top of the cake.4. 單詞組句（1）a lot of party the was fun（2）book give will some the us ideas5. 單項(xiàng)填空（1）�What _shall we have at the party?�Let”s have some coke.A. fo

28、od B. drinks C. time D. books（2）The scone is about 10 centimeters _.A. long B. tall C. wide D. thick6. 完成對話A: We need some money to buy computers for our school._1_B: I think we should have an international food festival.A: Good idea!_2_B: Let”s have it at our school.A: _3_B: Let”s have it on Saturd

29、ay 6 June.A: Oh, it is in two weeks” time.B: Yes, that”s right._4_A: _5_B: We need to make different kinds of food.7. 閱讀NAMEBIRTHDAYLIKESHATESLi HuaFed.6.1982dancingbread, riceLilyMar.22.1956playing basketballhamburgers, saladFrankNov.16.1978singing talkingvegetables, saladTinaAug.3.1966writing, rea

30、dingmeat, sugar根據(jù)圖表信息，選擇最佳答案1. When is Lily”s birthday?A. Mar.22 B. Fed.6 C. Nov.16 D. Aug.32. Li Hua likes_.A. hamburgers and salad B. meat and sugar C. singing and talking D. dancing3. How old is Tina now(2006)?A. Thirty-three years old. B. Forty years old. C. Twenty years old. D. I don”t know.4.

31、Does Frank like vegetables and fruit?A. Yes, he does. B. Yes, she does. C. No, he doesn”t. D. No, she doesn”t.5. Who may like the NBA game?A. Tina. B. Li Hua. C. Frank. D. Lily.【模擬試題】一、單詞拼寫15A)選擇并抄寫單詞。(Write me word you choose)1. Turkey has been a popular Christmas meal_(since，for) more than 300 yea

32、rs. 2. Do you prefer the jeans _(to，with)the yellow belt?3. I”d like to put some_(candles，photos)on Ben”s birthday party.4. Jack watched too_(many，much)television 1ast week.5. I used to run downstairs at schoo1. _(But，Now)I walk downstairs.6. We sold different kinds of_(books，food)and drinks from di

33、fferent countries.7. Jimmy has a_(sister，brother)called Alice.8. Tom left and walk along Park Road，you will_(find，look)McDonald”s on your right.9. I”m selling American food. I”ve got some hot _ (dogs, apples).10. My new _ (shoes, socks) are too small. They hurt my feet.根據(jù)漢語提示，寫出單詞的正確形式。（Write the wo

34、rd according to the Chinese given in the brackets）11. We are going to have a _(燒烤).12. I like gentle_(風(fēng)). It makes me feel cool and comfortable.13. There is not_(足夠的) water for us to drink. 14. We”re going to have international food_(節(jié)日) at our schoo1.15. Which _(電影) would you like to see this Sunda

35、y?二、字母組詞1016. Orange juice is too expensive. I”d _have some water. (thraer)17. It”s too hot outside. Why not go to the_(hcaeb)?18. Tim is getting_(tfa)，so he has decided to eat fewer sweets. 19. We need_(onmeseo)who can take care of sick people.20. I”ll teach you how to make ice-cream. It will be a_

36、(ealpsure).21. The TV play will be_(satl)for about ten hours22. I don”t know how to get the_(maneic)from my home. 23. Hold on. I”ll be back in a_(tenmmo).24. Boxing Day is a_(iclpub)holiday.25. The changing room is_(erov)there. 三、單詞組句526. don”t, them, size, I, in, have, your_27. will, go, you, where

37、, to, jeans, the, buy_28. good, cooking, at, I”m_29. on, will, you, find, the, your, shop, left_30. can”t, it, I, then, make_四、選擇填空5(Multiple choice)31. 一It”s very hot. Let”s go swimming. 一_A.Thank you. B. Good idea! C. Will you? D. Perhaps not.32.I used to eat too many sweets when I was a child. I

38、don”t eat too many sweets _.A. any longer B. any more C. no longer D. no more33. 一May I have something to eat? 一_A. Give you. B. Over there. C. Here you are. D. There it is.34. 一I don”t like Japanese food very much. 一_A.Neither do I. B. So do I. C. Neither I do. D. So I do.35. 一Have you studied at R

39、ose Garden School? 一_一For nearly three years. A.How often. B. How much. C. How many. D. How long.五、補(bǔ)全對話10A)從AG中選出可以完成對話的最佳選項(xiàng)。A：Happy New Year，James!B：Oh，it”s you，Henry. 36_Do you enjoy your festival?A：Sure. But do you know where I am?B：37_Tell me，please. A：I”m in Australia. B：Really? 38_A：It”s summe

40、r. It”s very hot and beautiful. B：39_ I”m having hot pot with my family. A：Say hello to them please. B：OK. 40_A：Yes，I will. And I”ll send you my postcards. A. What a hot day it is!B. Can you call me up later on?C. What”s the weather like there?D. But it”s snowing here. E. Where are you now?F. The sa

41、me to you. G. Where are you there?B)填入適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，使對話完整與正確。A：Hello，Can I help you? What are you 1ooking for?B：Good morning. Do you have any football _41_ of Jinde Football Team?A：Yes，just a minute. There are some cards over there. Take a _42_they are great!B：How _43_are they?A：They”re ￥10. B：Oh，really? Th

42、at”s 44_expensive. A：But we have some last year”s cards. They are only ￥6. B：No, 45_ you. I prefer new cards. 六、閱讀理解10(Reading Comprehension)A)閱讀短文，然后根據(jù)內(nèi)容選擇最佳答案。Mei Ling has a new classmate in her class. His name is Peter. He comes from New York. Everything is new to Peter. He doesn”t speak Chinese.

43、 But he can speak English well.He can play many foreign games，too. Miss Yang asks Mei Ling to look after him. Mei Ling is very glad. She thinks she can learn English from Peter. Now she is showing Peter around their schoo1. She is telling him something about their schoo1. At noon Peter is sitting at

44、 the table with Mei Ling and some other friends. They are having their lunch at schoo1. Mei Ling teaches Peter how to use chopsticks. She and her friends tell him something about Chinese food. Peter says Chinese are friendly and Chinese food is very nice. They teach him to speak Chinese. Peter tries

45、 so hard. Soon he can say a few Chinese words. They are friends now. 46. Peter is Mei Ling”s new friend who comes from _. A. Canada B. Japan C. America D. England47. What does Miss Yang ask Mei Ling to do?A. Take care of Peter. B. Go around the school.C. Cook some Chinese food. D. Help Peter with ho

46、mework.48. Where does Peter have lunch with his friends?A. In his own house. B. At school.C. At a big hotel. D. In Miss Yang room. 49. From the passage we know that Peter likes _ in China. A. the student and the schools B. the teachers and the gamesC. the people and the food D. nothing to eat50. Whi

47、ch of the following is not true?A. Mei Ling feels happy to look after Peter.B. Peter is visiting his new school with Mei Ling. C. Mei Ling shows Peter around everywhere. D. Peter can speak very good Chinese. B)閱讀短文，然后根據(jù)內(nèi)容回答問題。 It is a beautiful spring morning. There isn”t a cold in the sky，and the sun is warm but not too hot，so Mr. Andrews is surprised when he sees all old gentleman at the bus stop with a big， strong black umbrella in his hand. Mr Andrews says to him, “Are we going to have rain today，do you think?”“No,” says the old gentle