現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)講解

1、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)講解一 基本結(jié)構(gòu)：助動(dòng)詞have/has+過(guò)去分詞(done)二句型：否定句：主語(yǔ)+have/has+not+過(guò)去分詞+其他.一般疑問(wèn)句：Have/Has+主語(yǔ)+過(guò)去分詞+其他.簡(jiǎn)略答語(yǔ): Yes, 主語(yǔ) + have/has.(肯定)No, 主語(yǔ) + haven't/hasn't.(否定)三用法（1）現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示過(guò)去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果I have spent all of my money (so far).(含義是:現(xiàn)在我沒有錢花了.) Guo zijun has (just/already) come. (含義：郭子君現(xiàn)在在這兒)My

2、father has gone to work.(含義是:我爸爸現(xiàn)在不在這兒) （2）現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)可以用來(lái)表示發(fā)生在過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻的,持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作（用行為動(dòng)詞表示）或狀態(tài)（be動(dòng)詞表示）常與for（+時(shí)間段）,since（+時(shí)間點(diǎn)或過(guò)去時(shí)的句子）連用.for+時(shí)段since+過(guò)去一個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)（譯為：自從以來(lái)）since+時(shí)段+agosince+從句（過(guò)去時(shí)）It is+時(shí)段+since+從句（過(guò)去時(shí)）Mary has been ill for three days.I have lived here since 1998.四has gone (to),has been (to), has bee

3、n (in) 的區(qū)別 Have/Has gone(to) :去了(現(xiàn)在不在說(shuō)話現(xiàn)場(chǎng))Where is your father？He has gone to Shanghai.Have/Has been (to) :去過(guò)（已不在去過(guò)的地方）My father has been to Shanghai.Have/has been in：呆了多久（還在所呆的地方）My father has been in Shanghai for two months. /since two months ago.五現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的標(biāo)志1.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的含義之一是過(guò)去完成的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在仍有影響,用以下四大標(biāo)志詞可以表達(dá)這種

4、含義:* 以already, just和yet為標(biāo)志He has already got her help.他已得到她的幫助。He has just seen the film.他剛剛看過(guò)這場(chǎng)電影。He hasn't come back yet.他還沒有回來(lái)。* 以ever和never為標(biāo)志This is the best film I have ever seen.這是我曾經(jīng)看過(guò)的最好的一部電影。He has never been to Beijing.他從沒有到過(guò)北京。* 以動(dòng)作發(fā)生的次數(shù)為標(biāo)志He says he has been to the USA three times.

5、他說(shuō)他已經(jīng)去過(guò)美國(guó)三次了。* 以so far（到目前為止）為標(biāo)+beforeHe has got to Beijing so far.到目前為止他已到了北京。She has passed the exam so far.到目前為止她已經(jīng)通過(guò)了考試。2.過(guò)去已經(jīng)開始的動(dòng)作一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在, 甚至有可能繼續(xù)延續(xù)下去,我們可以從動(dòng)作“延續(xù)”的特性和“時(shí)間”點(diǎn)段的區(qū)分入手,進(jìn)一步學(xué)習(xí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。*  for+時(shí)段  since+過(guò)去一個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)（過(guò)去 從句）為標(biāo)志 注意： 1)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)不能單獨(dú)與過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用, 如yesterday, last week, three

6、years ago 等; 2)不能與when連用 2.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)往往同表示不確定的過(guò)去時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用  現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)練習(xí)(一)A)選用have, has填空:1.I _ told him the news.2.She _ come back from school.3.You _ won the game.B)按要求改寫下列各句:4.They have bought a computer.(改成否定句)_5.He has lost his book.(先改成一般疑問(wèn)句,再作肯定與否定回答)_C) 單項(xiàng)選擇6. -Where have you _, Kate?-I've

7、_ to the bank.A. gone, goneB. been, beenC. gone, beenD. been, gone7. Her grandfather _ for two years.A. diedB. has diedC. has been deadD. has been died8. It's six weeks _ I met you last.A. whenB. sinceC. beforeD. for9. Tom and Jack have arrived at West Hill Farm already.A. have gotB. have gone t

8、oC. have been toD. have reached現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)練習(xí)（二）一、 單項(xiàng)選擇。1、Both his parents look sad . Maybe they _what's happened to him .（呼和浩特）. knew . have known . must know .will know2、He has _ been to Shanghai , has he ?. already .never .ever . still 3、Have you met Mr Li _？. just . ago .before . a moment ago4、The

9、famous writer _ one new book in the past two years . is writing .was writing .wrote .has written5、Our country _ a lot so far .Yes . I hope it will be even _ . has changed ; well . changed ; good. has changed ; better . changed ; better 6、Zhao Lan _already _in this school for two years . was ; studyi

10、ng . will ; study. has ; studied . are ; studying 7、We _ Xiao Li since she was a little girl . know . had known . have known . knew8、Harry Potter is a very nice film .I_ it twice . will see . have seen . saw .see9、These farmers have been to the United States . Really ? When _ there ?. will they go .

11、 did they go. do they go . have they gone10、_ you _ your homework yet ? Yes . I _ it a moment ago . Did ; do ; finished . Have ; done ; finished. Have ; done ; have finished . will ; do ; finish11、 His father _ the Party since 1978 . joined . has joined . was in . has been in 12、Do you know him well

12、 ? Sure .We _ friends since ten years ago . were . have been . have become . have made 13、How long have you _ here ?About two months . been . gone . come . arrived 14、Hurry up! The play _ for ten minutes . has begun . had begun. has been on . began15、 It _ ten years since he left the army . is . has

13、 . will . was16、 Miss Green isn't in the office . she_ to the library .has gone . went .will go . has been 17、My parents _ Shandong for ten years . have been in . have been to. have gone to . have been18、The students have cleaned the classroom, ?A. so they B. dont they C. have they D. havent the

14、y19、 has Mr White been a member of Greener China since he to China?A. How soon, comes B. How often, gotC. How long, came D. How far, arrived20、 His uncle_for more than 9 years.A. has come here B. has started to workC. has lived there D. has left the university二、 句型轉(zhuǎn)換。1、He has never surfed, ?（改成反意疑問(wèn)句

15、）2、They have been here since 2000. (對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn))_they been here?3、The old man _ last year. He for a year. (die) （動(dòng)詞填空）4、This factory opened twenty years ago.(同義句轉(zhuǎn)換)This factory _ for twenty years.5、Miss Gao left an hour ago. (同義句轉(zhuǎn)換)Miss Gao _ _ _ _ an hour ago.6、Her mother has been a Party member for three years .（同義句） Her mother _ the Party three years _ .7、The Green Family mo