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1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上六年級(jí)下冊(cè)期末常考知識(shí)點(diǎn)匯總1.-when is +主語(yǔ)+birthday?某人的生日 什么時(shí)候?when疑問(wèn)副詞,引導(dǎo)提殊疑問(wèn)句,其結(jié)構(gòu)為“when+一般疑問(wèn)句?”when可以對(duì)年、月、日以及時(shí)刻進(jìn)行提問(wèn)或者詢問(wèn)某一動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間。-It s+月+日,+年。是.年.月 .日.When is your birthday?My birthday is on May 2nd./It is on May 2nd2.how old +be+主語(yǔ)?.多大年紀(jì)/幾歲了?How old 意為“多大年紀(jì);幾歲”,用來(lái)詢問(wèn)年齡。答語(yǔ)常用-主語(yǔ)+be+基數(shù)詞 +years/months
2、old. .歲3.want to do sth. 想要做某事4.happy birthday生日快樂,其答語(yǔ)為:thank you./thanks a lot./thank you very much.5.一年十二個(gè)月份,月份前常用介詞in。Month的復(fù)數(shù)是months。6.do you want to come to my birthday party?(第2頁(yè))7.be busy doing sth.=be busy with sth.忙于(做)某事。She is busy doing her homework.=She is busy with her homework.她正忙著做家庭
3、作業(yè)。8. When is Ailces birthday?(第2頁(yè))艾麗斯的生日是什么時(shí)候?解析:Ailces為名詞所有格形式,意為“艾麗斯的”。名詞所有格表示人或物的所有和所屬關(guān)系,在句中作定語(yǔ)名詞所有格的構(gòu)成有s所有格、of所有格和雙重所有格三種形式。1)s所有格的構(gòu)成。一般情況下在單數(shù)名詞的詞尾加s。Jims book 以-s 或-es結(jié)尾的復(fù)數(shù)名詞,在詞尾加“”。The students basketball不以-s結(jié)尾的復(fù)數(shù)名詞,在詞尾加s。Childrens Day 兒童節(jié) 注意:表示兩者或兩者以上共同擁有某物或某人時(shí),只在后一個(gè)名詞后加s。Tom and Jims teache
4、r 湯姆和吉姆的老師表示兩人各自擁有不同的人或物時(shí),兩個(gè)名詞都要加s ,Lucys and Licys brothers. 露西的哥哥和莉莉的哥哥2)of 所有格的構(gòu)成名詞+of +名詞便構(gòu)成of 所有格。a picture of my family 3)雙重所有格把of所有格和s所有格結(jié)合在一起表示所有關(guān)系的結(jié)構(gòu)就構(gòu)成了名詞的雙重所有格。 a friend of my fathers, a daught of Mr.Greens9.You parents can come to our school.(第5頁(yè))Can 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞,“能;會(huì)”,表示說(shuō)話人的情感、態(tài)度和能力。不能單獨(dú)作謂語(yǔ),只能和
5、實(shí)義動(dòng)詞一起構(gòu)成謂語(yǔ),且沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化,其后的動(dòng)詞要用原形。含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的句子在變一般疑問(wèn)句時(shí),要把情態(tài)動(dòng)詞提前;變否定句時(shí),在情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后加not。Can you see the ball under the chair?I cant see the ball.第二單元1.Whats your /his/her favorite subject?(第7頁(yè)) My/His/Her favorite subject is science.解析:1)favorite形容詞,“最喜歡的;最喜愛的”,相當(dāng)于like。best,因此,上句可與what subject do you like best?
6、相互轉(zhuǎn)換。Sunday is our favorite day.=We like Sunday best.2.Because its fun.(第8頁(yè))解析:1)because,連詞“因?yàn)椤?,后面跟從句,陳述原因或理由,回答why提出的問(wèn)句。-Why isnt Li Ping here? -Because she is ill.2)注意:because引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句,在漢語(yǔ)中,我們常說(shuō)因?yàn)椤K?。,但是在英語(yǔ)中,因?yàn)楹退灾荒苡闷湟弧<丛谕粋€(gè)句子中,because和so不能同時(shí)使用,用because就不能用so,用so 就不能用because。3)have fun doing .,表示“做
7、。很愉快”We have fun learning English.3. I am very busy on Friday.(第11頁(yè))解析,on Friday,“在星期五”。On 常表示在星期幾或具體某一日或某一日的上午、下午、或晚上的名詞前。年月周前要用in;具體時(shí)間點(diǎn)之前用at。只說(shuō)上午、下午、晚上用in。4.from.to.,從。到。,既可指時(shí)間,又可指空間。5. finish ,作及物動(dòng)詞,后接動(dòng)詞時(shí),要用動(dòng)名詞,即:finish doing sth.第三單元1 play chess 下國(guó)際象棋(教材第13頁(yè))play 玩,演奏 。play+表示球類或棋類的名詞,表示“參加(體育比賽
8、或游戲)”,球類棋類名詞前不用任何冠詞。 如play football,play basketball,play cardsplay the guitar 彈吉他。Play+表示樂器的名詞,表示“吹奏、彈奏某種樂器”,樂器名詞前要加定冠詞the。如play the violin ,play the piano巧記play的用法:打球玩牌下象棋,其后不能把the 加;若把樂器來(lái)演奏,定冠詞the 必須跟;與人比賽或扮演,動(dòng)詞play它都管。第三單元1 play chess 下國(guó)際象棋(教材第13頁(yè))play 玩,演奏 。play+表示球類或棋類的名詞,表示“參加(體育比賽或游戲)”,球類棋類名詞
9、前不用任何冠詞。 如play football,play basketball,play cardsplay the guitar 彈吉他。Play+表示樂器的名詞,表示“吹奏、彈奏某種樂器”,樂器名詞前要加定冠詞the。如play the violin ,play the piano巧記play的用法:打球玩牌下象棋,其后不能把the 加;若把樂器來(lái)演奏,定冠詞the 必須跟;與人比賽或扮演,動(dòng)詞play它都管。2.speak English 說(shuō)英語(yǔ)(教材13頁(yè))speak在此 意為“說(shuō)(某種語(yǔ)言)”,作及物動(dòng)詞,后接表示語(yǔ)言的名詞作賓語(yǔ)。如speak Chinese/French 說(shuō)漢語(yǔ)/
10、法語(yǔ)3. Can you draw?你會(huì)畫畫嗎?(教材第13頁(yè))Can you.?句型 你能/會(huì)。?本句是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can引導(dǎo)的一般疑問(wèn)句,其結(jié)構(gòu)為“Can+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)?”,意為“.能/會(huì).嗎?”常用來(lái)詢問(wèn)某人做某事的能力或表示請(qǐng)求。如 Can you play tennis?你會(huì)打網(wǎng)球嗎?Can you look after my bird?你能照看一下我的鳥嗎?注意:can是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞,意為“能,會(huì)”,表能力,沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化,即不管主語(yǔ)是第幾人稱,是單數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù),都用can,后必須跟動(dòng)詞原形,肯定答語(yǔ):Yes,主語(yǔ)+can.否定答語(yǔ):No,主語(yǔ)+ cant.4.What club
11、 do you want to join?你想加入什么俱樂部?句型分析:本句是what 引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問(wèn)句,what是特殊疑問(wèn)詞,它既可以單獨(dú)使用,對(duì)事物進(jìn)行提問(wèn),也可以和名詞或名詞短語(yǔ)共同構(gòu)成一個(gè)特殊疑問(wèn)詞短語(yǔ),放在句首,構(gòu)成特殊疑問(wèn)句。如:What color do you like? What class are you in ?注意:特殊疑問(wèn)句是對(duì)句中的某一成分進(jìn)行提問(wèn),句首用疑問(wèn)詞,句末用問(wèn)號(hào),一般用降調(diào)朗讀。5. What about you?你呢?(教材第14頁(yè))What abot.?意為“。怎么樣”與How about.?同義,常用于詢問(wèn)消息、征求意見或建議,其中about為介詞
12、,后接名詞、代詞或動(dòng)詞的-ing形式。如:I want to walk to school.What/How about you?6. Youre very good at telling stories.你非常擅長(zhǎng)講故事。(教材第14頁(yè))1)be good at 意為“擅長(zhǎng)”,相當(dāng)于do well in,后可接名詞、代詞或動(dòng)詞的-ing形式。 Im good at English.He is good at drawing.=He does well in drawing. 2)tell的常用結(jié)構(gòu):tell后常跟雙賓語(yǔ),即tell sb.sth.(=tell sth. to sb.)意為“告
13、訴某人某事”。tell sb.(not)to do sth. 告訴某人(不要)做某事如:Tell him not to come tomorrow.7 Sounds good聽起來(lái)不錯(cuò)。(教材第14頁(yè))sound作連系動(dòng)詞,意為“聽起來(lái)”,常接形容詞作表語(yǔ)。常用sound like 。后常接名詞。That sounds like a good idea.同類歸納:可接形容詞的感官動(dòng)詞:look,smell,feel,taste等都是連系動(dòng)詞,與sound 用法相同,其后均可接形容詞作表語(yǔ),意思分別為“看/聞/摸/嘗”;look/smell/feel/taste like,意為“看/聞/摸/嘗起
14、來(lái)像。”8.Please talk to Mr.Zhang after school.請(qǐng)放學(xué)后跟張老師說(shuō)。(教材第15頁(yè)) 1)句型分析:本句是一個(gè)祈使句。用來(lái)表示請(qǐng)求、命令或叮囑的句子叫祈使句。祈使句一般省略主語(yǔ),用降調(diào)朗讀。為使語(yǔ)氣委婉、顯得禮貌,說(shuō)話人常在句首或句尾加please,在句尾加please時(shí),please前,通常用逗號(hào)。Come and sit down,please。Please have a cup of tea。注意:祈使句的否定形式是直接在動(dòng)詞原形前加dont。Dont sit on the chair.It is wet.9.Are you good with ol
15、d people?你善于與老人相處嗎?(教材第17頁(yè))be good with.善于應(yīng)付。,對(duì)。有辦法,相當(dāng)于get on well with.She is good with her friends.=She gets on well with her friends.他與朋友們相處得好。拓展:與good有關(guān)的短語(yǔ):be good at 擅長(zhǎng) David is good at swimming。be good to。對(duì)。好 Be good to him,OK?be good for 。對(duì)。有益Milk is good for our health.10.They can tell you s
16、tories and you can make friends.(教材17頁(yè))他們可以給你講故事,你們可以交朋友。make friends 意為“交朋友”,表示“和。交朋友”,用make friends with sb. I want to make friends with you.11. Then we need you to help with sports for English-speaking students.(教材第17頁(yè))要你幫助說(shuō)英語(yǔ)的學(xué)生開展體育運(yùn)動(dòng)。1)help (sb.)with sth.在某方面幫助(某人)。Can you help me with my homew
17、ork?2)help sb.(to)do sth.幫助某人做某事。My brother often helps me (to)do my homework.我哥哥經(jīng)常幫我做作業(yè)。3)Need做實(shí)義動(dòng)詞,意為“需要”。此時(shí)need有人稱和數(shù)的變化,后常接名詞、代詞或動(dòng)詞不定式。4)need sb. to do sth.需要某人做某事。第四單元1. get dressed 為動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ),意為“穿上衣服”,相當(dāng)于 be dressed。get dressed是“get+形容詞”結(jié)構(gòu),強(qiáng)調(diào)“穿”的動(dòng)作。2. 注意:如果后面有表示“衣服或顏色”的名詞,dressed后面需用介詞in,即“get/be dr
18、essed in +表示衣服/顏色的名詞”,強(qiáng)調(diào)“穿”的狀態(tài)。3. what time do you usually get up,rick?里克,你通常幾點(diǎn)起床?(教材第19頁(yè))1)What time 意為“什么時(shí)候”,用來(lái)提問(wèn)具體的時(shí)間點(diǎn)。注意:回答what time 提出的問(wèn)題,必須用具體的時(shí)間,即“點(diǎn)鐘或幾點(diǎn)幾分”。2)time為不可數(shù)名詞,意為“時(shí)間”,沒有復(fù)數(shù)形式3)易混辨析:what time 與when表示什么時(shí)候的區(qū)別What time 用來(lái)詢問(wèn)具體的時(shí)間點(diǎn),表示的時(shí)間比較精確,一般指“幾點(diǎn)鐘;幾點(diǎn)幾分”等。When既可以用來(lái)詢問(wèn)時(shí)間點(diǎn),也可以用來(lái)詢問(wèn)時(shí)間段;詢問(wèn)年份、月份、
19、日期時(shí),只能用when。-What time do you get up?-At six oclock.When is your birthday?When do you usually go to school?4.辨析:intertesting和interestedInteresting “有趣的;令人感興趣的”,通常修飾物Intetested 感興趣的;對(duì)。感興趣;通常修飾人,且多用于be/get/feel/become interested in sth.結(jié)構(gòu)中。5.6:30 am。(第22頁(yè))早上六點(diǎn)半解析:時(shí)間的讀法1)鐘點(diǎn)的正讀法:先讀小時(shí),在讀分鐘;如果需要區(qū)分上下午,可在時(shí)間
20、后加am或Pm。4:30 pm讀作 four thirty pm2)鐘點(diǎn)的倒讀法:前半小時(shí)的讀法:分鐘數(shù)+past+鐘點(diǎn)數(shù);30分鐘用half;15分鐘用a quarter。8: 14讀作fourteen past eight 8:30讀作half past eight 8:15讀作 a quarter past eight后半小時(shí)的讀法:所差分鐘數(shù)+to+下一整點(diǎn)數(shù);15分鐘用a quarter.8:46 讀作fourteen to nine 8:45 讀作a quarter to nine或 fifteen to nine6.do my homework.(第22頁(yè))做我的家庭作業(yè)。解析d
21、o ones homework 固定搭配“做某人的家庭作業(yè)” ,do作動(dòng)詞“做;干”,指做具體的工作,強(qiáng)調(diào)行為動(dòng)詞。其后的賓語(yǔ)常常是lesson,work,homework,exercise等。homework意為“家庭作業(yè)”,是不可數(shù)名詞,其中ones代表形容詞性物主代詞,在句中根據(jù)前面的主語(yǔ)選用相應(yīng)的物主代詞。Tom does his homework after school.注意:do ones homework中的do是實(shí)義動(dòng)詞,變否定句時(shí),要在其前加助動(dòng)詞do的適當(dāng)形式,(do,does,did),再加not,變疑問(wèn)句時(shí),要將助動(dòng)詞do的適當(dāng)形式提到主語(yǔ)前,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用動(dòng)詞原形。I
22、dont do my homework after school.Does Li Ming do his homework by himself?Lucy doesnt do her homework on Sunday.7. 辨析:many和muchMany很多的,修飾可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式。Much很多的;大量的,修飾不可數(shù)名詞。8. After school,I sometimes play basketball for half an hour.(第23頁(yè)) 放學(xué)后,我有時(shí)打半個(gè)小時(shí)的籃球。解析:1)sometimes作頻度副詞,意為“有時(shí)”,相當(dāng)于at times或from time t
23、o time可以放在句中,也可以放在句首,常與一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)或一般過(guò)去時(shí)連用。Sometimes my father drives me to school.有時(shí)爸爸開車送我去上學(xué)。2)注意:對(duì)頻度副詞提問(wèn)要用how often,意為“多久一次”。3)“for+一段時(shí)間”是介詞短語(yǔ),表示某事持續(xù)了多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間,對(duì)其提問(wèn)用疑問(wèn)詞how long。You can keep this book for a week.這本書你可以借一周。-How long will you stay in Beijng? -For about three days.9. In the evening,I either wat
24、ch TV or play computer games.(第23頁(yè))晚上,我要么看電視,要么玩電腦游戲。解析:either.or.意為“或者。或者。;要么。要么?!?。連接句中兩個(gè)并列的成分,表示兩者之一。You may either stay at home or go with us.你要么呆在家里要么跟我們一道去。He is either in the classroom or in the library.他不是在教室就是在圖書館。注意:either 。or。連接兩個(gè)主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)與最近的一個(gè)主語(yǔ)在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致,這就是我們常說(shuō)的“就近一致原則”。10.At twelve,sh
25、e eats lots of fruit vegetables for lunch.在十二點(diǎn),她午飯吃很多水果和蔬菜。(第23頁(yè))解析1)lots of “許多;大量”,既可以修飾可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式,(相當(dāng)于many);又可以修飾不可數(shù)名詞,(相當(dāng)于much);只用于肯定句中,與a lot of 是同義短語(yǔ)。11.Here are your clothes.這是你的衣服。(第24頁(yè))解析:這是一個(gè)倒裝句。在英語(yǔ)中,以副詞here。There開頭的句子,如果主語(yǔ)是名詞,則用倒裝語(yǔ)序,連系動(dòng)詞是用is還是are取決于后面的名詞是單數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù)。Here is a card for you.There
26、 comes the bus.公共汽車來(lái)了。Here are your keys.注意:主語(yǔ)為代詞時(shí),不用倒裝。Here she comes.她來(lái)了。Here you are。給你。第五單元1. How do you get to school?(第25頁(yè))how疑問(wèn)詞,意為“如何;怎樣;以何種方式;用什么手段”。本句為how引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問(wèn)句,用來(lái)詢問(wèn)去某地的交通方式。其回答方式主要有兩種:1)take +a/the +表示交通工具的名詞,是動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ),在句中作謂語(yǔ)。2)by+表示交通工具的單數(shù)名詞或on/in+a/the+表示交通工具的單數(shù)名詞,是介詞短語(yǔ),作方式狀語(yǔ)。How do you g
27、o to work? By bus.I walk to school./I get to school on foot.我步行到校。I ride my bike to school./I get to school by bike./I get to school on my bike.我騎自行車到學(xué)校。I take the bus to school./I get to school by bus./I get to school on the bus.我乘公共汽車到校。 注意:on foot;by bike;by bus;by subway;by train;by car等詞組的名詞前不能
28、加任何冠詞或其他修飾詞。get此處用作不及物動(dòng)詞,意為“到達(dá)”,表示到達(dá)某地,常與to連用,后跟地點(diǎn)、方位名詞作賓語(yǔ)。注意:但如果后面跟的是there,here,home等副詞時(shí),則不需要加to。Theyll get to Beijing at six tonight.(接地點(diǎn)名詞)When do you get home?(接地點(diǎn)副詞)2.I ride my bike.我騎自行車。解析1)ride ones bike 意為“騎自行車”,也可表達(dá)成go by bike或go on ones bike,某些表示交通方式的動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)可用介詞短語(yǔ)替換。Mary often rides her bike
29、 to go to school .=Mary often goes to school by bike.=Mary often goes to school on her bike.注意:ride ones bike 是動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ),在句中作謂語(yǔ)。而by bike或on ones bike 都是介詞短語(yǔ),只能作狀語(yǔ)。2)交通方式的表達(dá):用動(dòng)詞表達(dá)take +a/the+交通工具;walk/ride/fly/drive+to +地點(diǎn)用介詞表達(dá)by+交通工具;in/on+a/the/ones +交通工具注意:on foot,by bike,by bus,by subway,by train,by c
30、ar等詞組的名詞前不能加任何冠詞或其他修飾詞。3.one hundred and five.(第26頁(yè))一百零五。解析1)hundred 數(shù)詞,意為“百”。百位數(shù)中的十位和個(gè)位不為零時(shí),應(yīng)說(shuō)成“hundred and+?!保?02讀作one hundred and two.339讀作three hundred and thirty nine.2)當(dāng)表示具體的“幾百”時(shí),用“基數(shù)詞+hundred”表示,注意此時(shí)hundred不加-s。eight hundred students;three hundred trees 3)拓展hundreds of 意為“數(shù)百的;成百上千的”,表示一個(gè)不確定的
31、數(shù)量。其后可接可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式。注意這時(shí)hundred后有是s,且后面有介詞of,但不能與數(shù)詞連用。There are hundreds of people in the restaurant.與hundred用法類似的單詞還有:thousand“千”,million“百萬(wàn)”,billion“十億”。3How long does it take.?(第26頁(yè)).花費(fèi)多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間?解析how long 意為“多久;多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間”,用來(lái)詢問(wèn)某個(gè)動(dòng)作所持續(xù)的時(shí)間,其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞,答語(yǔ)為表示一段時(shí)間的名詞性短語(yǔ)。How long will I have to wait?我要等多久呢?About thr
32、ee days.大約三天。4It takes.它花費(fèi).(第26頁(yè))解析take 此處作動(dòng)詞,表示“花費(fèi)”,常用于It takes sb. some time to do sth.句型中,意為“做某事花費(fèi)某人多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間”。It takes me an hour to get to the railway station.到火車站花費(fèi)我一個(gè)小時(shí)時(shí)間。It took me two huors to finish the work.我花了兩個(gè)小時(shí)去完成這份工作。注意:it是形式主語(yǔ),真正的主語(yǔ)是句子后面的動(dòng)詞不定式短語(yǔ)(to do),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞有時(shí)態(tài)的變化。It will take my parents
33、one week to clean our house.我父母講花一星期打掃我們的家。 5.How far is it from your home to school?(26頁(yè))從你家到學(xué)校有多遠(yuǎn)?解析;1)how far意為“多遠(yuǎn)”,用來(lái)詢問(wèn)距離或路程,常用句型How far is it from A to B?或How far is B from A?意為“從A到B 有多遠(yuǎn)?”其答語(yǔ)“Its .meter(s)/mile(s)/kilometer(s) (away).”意為“有。米/英里/千米(遠(yuǎn))”。-How far is it from the park to the school?
34、=How far is the school from the park?從公園到學(xué)校有多遠(yuǎn)?-It about 3 miles.大約3英里。2)辨析how far 與how longhow far 多遠(yuǎn),用來(lái)詢問(wèn)距離,指路程的遠(yuǎn)近。how long 多長(zhǎng),詢問(wèn)時(shí)間,指時(shí)間的長(zhǎng)短;也可詢問(wèn)長(zhǎng)度,指物體的長(zhǎng)度。How far is it from the post office to the bank?How long does it take you to go to the park?-How long is the table?About 1meter.6.Does Jane walk t
35、o school?(第27頁(yè))簡(jiǎn)步行去學(xué)校嗎?1)句型分析:在一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)中,當(dāng)句子的主語(yǔ)是第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞也應(yīng)使用第三人稱單數(shù)形式(一般在詞尾加-s),在變一般疑問(wèn)句時(shí),在句首加助動(dòng)詞does,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用原形,變否定句時(shí),在主語(yǔ)后謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞前加doesnt,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞變?yōu)樵?。Mary likes music.-does Mary like music?-Mary doesnt like music. 2)walk在此作動(dòng)詞,意為“步行”,表示步行去某地,可用短語(yǔ)walk to。,相當(dāng)于go 。on foot,后跟表示地點(diǎn)的名詞,后跟副詞時(shí),可省略to。They walk to scho
36、ol every day.=They go to school on foot.The park is near here.Lets walk there.9.Mary wants to know what he thinks of the trip.(教材第28頁(yè))瑪麗想知道他認(rèn)為這段旅程怎么樣。解析:1)這是一個(gè)含有what引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句的主從復(fù)合句。主句是Mary wants to know,其后what he thinks of the trip.是賓語(yǔ)從句。含有賓語(yǔ)從句的句子,無(wú)論主句是陳述句還是疑問(wèn)句,賓語(yǔ)從句都必須用陳述語(yǔ)序,疑問(wèn)詞仍在句首,位置不變,。即“主句+賓語(yǔ)從句(主語(yǔ)+
37、謂語(yǔ)+其他)?!绷硗猓e語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)態(tài)與主句的時(shí)態(tài)要一致。I know where you live.Do you know which class he is in?2)注意:意為語(yǔ)序與陳述語(yǔ)序的對(duì)比:How does she get to school?Thomas wants to know how she gets to school.Whats the weather like today?Do you know what the weather is like today?3)think of “認(rèn)為;”,常和what連用,即:what do you think of .,“你覺得。
38、如何;你認(rèn)為。怎么樣?”用于征求別人的意見。相當(dāng)于how do you like.?What do you think of /about this film?=How do you like this film?Its very interesting.For many students,it is easy to get to school.(第29頁(yè))解析1)for在本句中作介詞,“對(duì);對(duì)于”。I am too old for the job. For me ,dog is a good pet.2)for作介詞,還可表示“為了;給”,表示目的。This letter is for yo
39、u. My mother buys a book for me.3)many形容詞,意為”許多”,后跟可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式.I have many books.注意:much 也表示“許多”,但它修飾不可數(shù)名詞。There is much water in the glass.3)its +adj.+to do sth.句型,意為“做某事是。的”,其中it是形式主語(yǔ),真正的主語(yǔ)是后面的動(dòng)詞不定式。It is easy to ride a bike. It is better to stay at home.It is difficult to finish this work.知識(shí)拓展:its +
40、adj.+for/of sb.+to do sth.的用法當(dāng)前面的形容詞是描述人的性格、品質(zhì)的,用of,its +adj.+of sb+to do sth。表示,形容詞多用clever,good,kind,nice。,wrong等。It s nice of you to help me learn English.你幫助我學(xué)英語(yǔ)真是太好了。如果形容詞是描述某事對(duì)某人來(lái)說(shuō)有何影響,則用its +adj.+for sb+to do sth。句子的形容詞都用important,necessary,impossible,difficult,easy,bad 等。It s bad for you to
41、eat much junk food.吃太多的垃圾食品對(duì)你沒好處。11.There is a very big river between their school and the village.(第29頁(yè))解析1)there be 意為“有”,表示存在,即某地有某人或某物。Be后的詞為該句型的真正主語(yǔ),be 動(dòng)詞在數(shù)上,和它后面的名詞保持一致。如果是可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞,be 用單數(shù),如果是可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù),be 用復(fù)數(shù),即“就近原則”。There is a clothes store near the library.易混辨析:there be 某地存在某物。Have表示某人或某物“擁有
42、”某物,強(qiáng)調(diào)東西的歸屬。There are five pencils in the pencil box. Do you have a watch ?2)between介詞,“在。之間”,一般指在兩者之間。常和and 連用,構(gòu)成both。and?!霸?。和。之間”,連接兩個(gè)并列的成分。My house is between the park and the zoo.12.One 11-year-old boy,Liangliang, crosses the river every school.(第29頁(yè))解析“數(shù)詞+單數(shù)名詞+形容詞”結(jié)構(gòu),相當(dāng)于一個(gè)復(fù)合形容詞,注意連字符,一般用在名詞前作定語(yǔ)
43、,其中表示計(jì)量的名詞必須要用單數(shù)形式。a five year-old boy, an 800-meter long bridge.一座800米長(zhǎng)的橋13But he is not afraid.(第29頁(yè))解析afraid形容詞,“害怕的;畏懼的”,是一個(gè)表語(yǔ)形容詞。其用法為:1)be afraid of sth。意為“害怕某事或某物”。Most of the girls are afraid of dogs.2)be afraid to do sth.意為“害怕做某事”Her sister is afraid to stay at home alone.3)be afraid of doin
44、g sth.恐怕做某事,指擔(dān)心或擔(dān)憂做某事會(huì)引起某種后果。 dont be afraid of asking for help.4)be afraid+(that)從句,“恐怕?!?I m afraid (that) he can t come.5)為某件已經(jīng)發(fā)生或可能發(fā)生的事表示歉意或作出判斷,相當(dāng)于sorry,這種說(shuō)法顯得比較文雅,謙遜。I m afraid Ive broken your bike.真抱歉我把你的自行車弄壞了。14.They have to cross a very big river between their school and the village.(第29頁(yè))
45、解析have to,“不得不;必須;得”,強(qiáng)調(diào)由于外界客觀因素要求主語(yǔ)不得不做某事,有人稱、數(shù)和時(shí)態(tài)的變化,其后接動(dòng)詞原形。Because he had no money,he had to drop(輟學(xué),退出) out of school。辨析:have to 與musthave to必須;不得不表示客觀的需要,有人稱、數(shù)、時(shí)態(tài)的變化dont /doesnt have tomust必須;一定表示說(shuō)話人主觀上的看法,must只有一種形式mustnt表示“禁止”You dont have to tell him about it. You mustnt tell him about it.15
46、.Thanks for your last e-mile.解析:1)thanks for .,因。而感謝,謝謝你。,相當(dāng)于thank you for。,其后接名詞,代詞或動(dòng)詞的-ing形式。表示感謝的內(nèi)容或原因。Thanks for your help. Thanks for inviting me.2)thank sb.for.,“因.而感謝某人”。 Thank you for inviting me.3)last,上一個(gè),剛過(guò)去的;最后的。本句中l(wèi)ast 為形容詞,作定語(yǔ),“上一個(gè);剛過(guò)去的”。Last 作形容詞,還可表示“最后的”。Our group was the last(最后的)o
47、ne at last(上一次的)speech contest。在上次的演講比賽中,我們組是最后一名。第六單元1. dont run in the hallways.不準(zhǔn)在走廊里跑。(第31頁(yè))解析1)Dont +動(dòng)詞原形是祈使句的否定形式,意為“不要.;禁止.”,相當(dāng)于“you mustnt +動(dòng)詞原形”。Dont be late for class next time。2)祈使句的用法:用來(lái)表達(dá)命令、要求、請(qǐng)求、勸告的句子。其肯定形式以動(dòng)詞原形開頭。常在句首或句末加please以示禮貌。句末用please,前面通常加逗號(hào)。2. Dont arrive late for classs.(第31
48、頁(yè))不準(zhǔn)上課遲到。解析:1)arrive late for 與be late for 同義。都表示“做事遲到”。arrive late for側(cè)重到達(dá)的時(shí)間晚,be late for 側(cè)重狀態(tài)。2)arrive 作不及物動(dòng)詞,“到達(dá);抵達(dá)”,后跟介詞in或at ,in后接大地方,at 后接小地方。Arrive后若是接地點(diǎn)副詞,則不需要介詞。3)辨析arrive,get,reacharrive不及物動(dòng)詞后接地點(diǎn)名詞,需用介詞in或at。Arrive in+大地方;arrive at+小地方get不及物動(dòng)詞get to+地點(diǎn)名詞reach及物動(dòng)詞直接跟表示地點(diǎn)的名詞He arrived in /g
49、ot to/reached Shanghai yesterday.他昨天到達(dá)上海。We were tired when we arrived /reached/got home.我們到家時(shí)很累了。3.Dont run in the hallway.(第31頁(yè))不要在走廊里奔跑。解析:這是一個(gè)祈使句。祈使句用來(lái)表示請(qǐng)求、命令、勸告、建議等。祈使句的主語(yǔ)一般都是第二人稱you,但往往省略。其肯定形式用動(dòng)詞原形開頭,否定句式是在動(dòng)詞原形前加dont 。常在句首或句末加please以示禮貌,句末用please時(shí),前面通常加逗號(hào)。Stop e in,please.Dont play football i
50、n the street.2)祈使句用法助記祈使句,祈使句,請(qǐng)求、命令或建議。主語(yǔ)是you常省去,動(dòng)詞原形開頭記。否定形式要注意,句首要把t 加,要將客氣用please,句首、句末沒關(guān)系。4.Dont listen to music in class.(第31頁(yè))解析:1)listen to music,“聽音樂”,其中,listen是不及物動(dòng)詞,后面接賓語(yǔ)時(shí),要加介詞to。Listen!The girl is singing .Listen to the teacher carefully.2)listen ;hearListen,不及物動(dòng)詞,后面接賓語(yǔ)時(shí),要加介詞to。側(cè)重于“聽”的動(dòng)作。
51、表示有意識(shí)的聽。This girl likes to listen to the radio.Hear,及物動(dòng)詞,強(qiáng)調(diào)“聽”的結(jié)果。聽到;聽見Can you hear anything?你能聽到什么嗎?3)in class ,固定短語(yǔ),“在課上;上課時(shí)”,after class,“在課下;下課后”。5.Dont fight.(第31頁(yè))解析:fight動(dòng)詞,“打架”。Stop fighting ,you two.1)fight for,為.而戰(zhàn)斗,后面常接抽象名詞,表示為事業(yè)。自由等而斗爭(zhēng)。表示戰(zhàn)斗的目的。They are fighting for freedom.They fight for
52、 their country.2)fight about,為。而爭(zhēng)吵,后接名詞、動(dòng)詞、或賓語(yǔ)從句,表示吵架的原因。The two boys often fight about the toys.這兩個(gè)男孩經(jīng)常因玩具而爭(zhēng)吵。3)fight against,對(duì)抗.;為反對(duì)。而斗爭(zhēng);后接事物名詞、人和國(guó)家。表示在困難中抵抗。They fought against the enemy.他們和敵人作戰(zhàn)。I ll fight against you. 我會(huì)反抗你。4)fight with,“與。共同作戰(zhàn),用某種武器與某人交戰(zhàn)(相當(dāng)于fight against);和.打架”。只接表示人或國(guó)家的名詞。Dont
53、 fight with me.不要和他打架。We must fight with you.我們必須和你一起并肩作戰(zhàn)。6.wear a hat.(第32頁(yè))戴帽子。解析:1)wear為及物動(dòng)詞,“穿;戴”,強(qiáng)調(diào)穿、戴的狀態(tài).指習(xí)慣性的“穿(戴)假發(fā)或眼鏡等”He always wears a red T-shirt.She likes wearing sunglasses.2)put on,“穿上,戴上”,強(qiáng)調(diào)穿的動(dòng)作。It s cold outside.Put on your coat ,please.3)be in +顏色/衣服,“穿著.顏色的衣服”,表狀態(tài)。She is in red.4)
54、wear,“穿(戴)著”,強(qiáng)調(diào)狀態(tài)。Lucys mother often wears a pair of glasses.7.This is very important.(第32頁(yè))。解析:1)important,形容詞,“重要的”,多用作be動(dòng)詞的后面,前面也常加very,表示“非常重要”。其名詞形式是importance。They are very important.2)常用句型為:it is important for sb.to do sth.“做某事對(duì)某人來(lái)說(shuō)是重要的”。It is important for us to learn English well.8.Can we b
55、ring music players to school?(第32頁(yè))我們可以把音樂播放器帶到學(xué)校嗎?解析1)本句為含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can的一般疑問(wèn)句,肯定回答用:Yes,.can.否定回答用:No ,.cant.這是請(qǐng)求許可的句型。用來(lái)請(qǐng)求別人允許自己做某事。用于疑問(wèn)句。Can we use youe car?2)can還可表示“能力”?!澳埽粫?huì)”We can speak a little English.3)辨析;bring;take;get;carryBring “帶來(lái);拿來(lái)”,指從別處帶到說(shuō)話者所在的地方。Take,“帶走;拿走”,指從說(shuō)話者所在的地方帶到遠(yuǎn)處去,常與介詞to 連用,方向上
56、與bring正好相反。His father often takes him to the zoo on weekends.Get “得到;獲得”無(wú)方向性,常與介詞from連用。People often get money from me.Carry“搬運(yùn)”,無(wú)方向性.The box is too heavy for the boy to carry.9.Oh,and we also have to be quiet in the library.(第32頁(yè))解析:1)quiet,形容詞,安靜的,平靜的,通常在句中作表語(yǔ)或定語(yǔ),其反義詞是niosy,“吵鬧的;嘈雜的”。其副詞形式是quietly。dont be niosy.You must be quiet.2)have to 必須;不得不。強(qiáng)調(diào)客觀情況,有人稱和時(shí)態(tài)的變化,后只能接動(dòng)詞原形。其否定形式是dont/doesnt have to,“不必”。Do you ha
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