圖書館網(wǎng)絡(luò)化對(duì)管理員素質(zhì)的提升

1、 圖書館網(wǎng)絡(luò)化對(duì)管理員素質(zhì)的提升Library network administrators qualities of ascension 摘要：網(wǎng)絡(luò)化環(huán)境下，圖書館的發(fā)展和工作要求發(fā)生了很大變化，分析了網(wǎng)絡(luò)化圖書館發(fā)生轉(zhuǎn)變的特征，總結(jié)出網(wǎng)絡(luò)化圖書管理人員應(yīng)該具有的必備素質(zhì)，然后從實(shí)際出發(fā)，提出了網(wǎng)絡(luò)化圖書文獻(xiàn)管理中管理員素質(zhì)提升的實(shí)施途徑和方法。Abstract: under the network environment, the development of the library and the job requires great changes have taken place,

2、analyzed the characteristics of the networked library change, summed up the network library management staff should have the qualities required of, and then from the reality, proposed the network literature management administrator in the quality promotion of the implementation of the way and method

3、. 關(guān)鍵詞：網(wǎng)絡(luò)化；圖書館管理；管理員素質(zhì)Key words: network; Library management; Manager quality 現(xiàn)階段，我國(guó)大多數(shù)圖書館正處于傳統(tǒng)館藏與現(xiàn)代網(wǎng)絡(luò)、信息技術(shù)相結(jié)合使用的階段，圖書館網(wǎng)絡(luò)大多數(shù)是局域網(wǎng)或廣域網(wǎng)，館藏信息資源仍以紙質(zhì)印刷文獻(xiàn)為主，館藏?cái)?shù)量與圖書館面積仍是衡量圖書館規(guī)模與實(shí)力的重要指標(biāo)，而電子文獻(xiàn)主要是館藏書目信息數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)、讀者信息數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)、流通數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)。網(wǎng)絡(luò)信息化功能主要有館藏圖書查詢借閱管理、圖書預(yù)約、個(gè)人賬戶查詢、超期罰金管理、讀者建議與反饋、網(wǎng)絡(luò)資源整合與更新、數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)試用、數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)維護(hù)、電子閱覽維護(hù)等。Most librarie

4、s at present, our country is in the combination of traditional library and modern network and information technology use phase, the library network most is a LAN or wan, dominated by print literature information resources of library, collection quantity and the area is still is an important indicato

5、r of evaluating library size and strength, and electronic literature mainly library bibliographic information database, readers information database, distribution database. Network information technology functions mainly include query collection books lending management, book an appointment, individ

6、ual account query, are the fine management, Suggestions and feedback of readers, and network resources integration and update, the database, database maintenance, electronic reading room maintenance trial, etc. 而今，電腦技術(shù)、網(wǎng)絡(luò)技術(shù)、信息通訊技術(shù)及多媒體技術(shù)的快速發(fā)展與結(jié)合，極大的推進(jìn)與支撐了現(xiàn)代圖書館的建設(shè)與發(fā)展，有效地構(gòu)建起圖書館運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)的網(wǎng)絡(luò)化、數(shù)字化平臺(tái)，打破了圖書館服務(wù)受地域、

7、館舍、時(shí)間、載體、傳播方式等方面的限制，使圖書館運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)從傳統(tǒng)館藏借閱環(huán)境進(jìn)入一個(gè)開放的社會(huì)化的網(wǎng)絡(luò)環(huán)境，根本上改變了傳統(tǒng)的信息傳遞和信息處理方式，并促使圖書館建設(shè)與服務(wù)最終向基于因特網(wǎng)信息支持的數(shù)字化圖書館方向發(fā)展。Today, computer technology, network technology, information and communication technology and the rapid development of multimedia technology and the combination of great advance and support the

8、construction and development of modern library, effectively build up the library operation platform for the network, digital, broke the library services by region, library collection, time, carrier, mode of transmission constraints, the operation from the traditional library borrowing environment in

9、to an open social network environment, and fundamentally changed the traditional way of information transmission and information processing, and promote library construction and service in the end to develop in the direction of digital library based on Internet information support. 在網(wǎng)絡(luò)化、信息化條件下，圖書館工作

10、與建設(shè)要緊跟時(shí)代發(fā)展步伐，與先進(jìn)支撐技術(shù)相適應(yīng)，逐步向館藏?cái)?shù)字化、管理自動(dòng)化、服務(wù)信息化和信息資源共享網(wǎng)絡(luò)化方向發(fā)展，這就需要努力探索、大膽進(jìn)行改革和創(chuàng)新，內(nèi)容包括網(wǎng)絡(luò)化圖書館軟硬件建設(shè)、管理體制與理念改革與轉(zhuǎn)變、圖書館管理人員素質(zhì)與水平的提升建設(shè)以及圖書館學(xué)科化、專業(yè)化和個(gè)性化等方向特色建設(shè)等。下面就現(xiàn)今網(wǎng)絡(luò)化圖書館特征下，圖書館管理中管理員必備素質(zhì)及素質(zhì)提升的途徑與方法進(jìn)行探討和分析。Under the condition of network and information, library work and the construction should follow the pace

11、 of development, and advanced technology support, step by step to the library management automation, digital and service develop in the direction of informatization and networking of information resources sharing, which requires efforts to explore, bold reform and innovation, the content including s

12、oftware and hardware construction, the management system of the networked library and concept reform and transition, the library management quality and level of construction and disciplinization, specialization and individuation and so on library characteristic construction, etc. Here are today'

13、s networked library features, library administrators qualities required in the management and quality promotion ways and methods were discussed and analyzed. 一、網(wǎng)絡(luò)化圖書館的轉(zhuǎn)變特征the characteristic of the transition of the networked library網(wǎng)絡(luò)化環(huán)境下，圖書館所處的信息環(huán)境與特征發(fā)生了巨大的變化，主要表達(dá)在以下幾個(gè)方面。Under network environment,

14、library information environment and the characteristics of great changes have taken place, mainly reflected in the following respects. 從服務(wù)對(duì)象來(lái)看，圖書館的社會(huì)功能和社會(huì)責(zé)任越來(lái)越引起人們的重視，其服務(wù)對(duì)象已從先前較普遍的學(xué)校師生向社會(huì)大眾延伸，在現(xiàn)今知識(shí)爆炸的時(shí)代和終身學(xué)習(xí)的觀念下，越來(lái)越多的普通大眾在有意識(shí)地利用網(wǎng)絡(luò)圖書館豐富的信息資源，不斷提高和充實(shí)自己。From the point of service object, the library'

15、;s social function and social responsibility increasingly aroused people's attention, its service object is already from the previous common school teachers and students to the society, in the current era of knowledge explosion and the concept of lifelong learning, more and more ordinary people

16、consciously in the use of network library rich information resources, continuously improve and enrich myself. 從信息服務(wù)內(nèi)容來(lái)看，從傳統(tǒng)的館藏查詢、借閱已擴(kuò)展到電子資源的檢索服務(wù)、網(wǎng)上信息資源的導(dǎo)航服務(wù)、信息傳遞、電子郵件服務(wù)、專利查詢、網(wǎng)上咨詢等動(dòng)態(tài)服務(wù)；信息種類不再局限于讀者所需的圖書、期刊、報(bào)紙，已擴(kuò)展到科技報(bào)告、產(chǎn)品樣本、專利文獻(xiàn)等。From the point of information service content, from the traditional libra

17、ry query, borrowing has expanded to electronic resources retrieval service, online information resource navigation service, information transfer, electronic mail services, patent dynamic query, online consulting services; Required information types are no longer confined to the readers of books, per

18、iodicals, newspapers, has been extended to science and technology reports, product samples, patent documents, etc. 從信息服務(wù)的領(lǐng)域看，已從較單一的教學(xué)、科研所涉及的領(lǐng)域擴(kuò)展到自然科學(xué)和社會(huì)科學(xué)的更廣泛各個(gè)領(lǐng)域，學(xué)科范圍和知識(shí)點(diǎn)更多更廣。From the field of information service, has grown from a single teaching and scientific research areas extend to a broader fi

19、elds of natural science and social science, disciplines and knowledge points more wider range. 從信息服務(wù)的載體看，已從單一的印刷型圖書、期刊發(fā)展到電子圖書、電子期刊、全文數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)等數(shù)字化信息資源，呈現(xiàn)出多元化的特征。Look from the carrier of information service, has grown from a single printed books, journals to electronic books, electronic journal and full-te

20、xt database such as digital information resources, and shows the characteristics of diversification. 從服務(wù)模式來(lái)看，已由單向的提供轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)殡p向互動(dòng)，從單一的借閱、導(dǎo)讀發(fā)展到對(duì)原始文獻(xiàn)的二次分析、研究和整理，信息需求者更多的主動(dòng)參與到信息的檢索與提取過(guò)程中。From the point of service mode, has been provided by the one-way into bidirectional interaction, from a single library, gu

21、ide development to the secondary analysis of the original literature, research and sorting, information demanders more actively involved in the information retrieval and extraction process. 從館藏資源來(lái)看，已從傳統(tǒng)意義上的實(shí)體館藏?cái)U(kuò)大到基于因特網(wǎng)的虛擬館藏，其中實(shí)體館藏是指圖書館所擁有的以不同的實(shí)物載體形式而存在的各種印刷型文獻(xiàn)、聲像文獻(xiàn)、縮微文獻(xiàn)及電子文獻(xiàn)等；虛擬館藏是指圖書館只有使用權(quán)，本館讀者必須借助

22、電腦通信網(wǎng)絡(luò)等才可以利用的本館以外的數(shù)字化信息資源的總和。From the point of collection resources, has expanded from traditional entity collection to virtual collections based on the Internet, which in different collection refers to the entities have existed in the form of physical carrier and all kinds of printed literature, au

23、dio-visual, miniature literature and electronic literature, etc.; Only use virtual collection refers to the library, library reader must with the help of computer communication network, etc. Can be used outside of library digital information resources are combined. 二、網(wǎng)絡(luò)圖書館管理員的必備素質(zhì)the network library

24、 administrators qualities required. 網(wǎng)絡(luò)信息時(shí)代，圖書館的發(fā)展很大程度上取決于是否擁有一支業(yè)務(wù)能力強(qiáng)、綜合素質(zhì)好的圖書信息管理隊(duì)伍。圖書館管理人員在具備傳統(tǒng)圖書管理的優(yōu)良素質(zhì)的同時(shí)，網(wǎng)絡(luò)信息技術(shù)對(duì)圖書管理人員的專業(yè)技能和信息數(shù)字化管理水平也提出了更高的要求。針對(duì)網(wǎng)絡(luò)化圖書館的轉(zhuǎn)變特征，為適應(yīng)新時(shí)代網(wǎng)絡(luò)化、數(shù)字化圖書館的建設(shè)和發(fā)展，一個(gè)合格的網(wǎng)絡(luò)圖書館管理人員在管理中應(yīng)具備以下綜合素質(zhì)。Network information age, the development of the library depends largely on whether to ha

25、ve a business ability, good comprehensive quality book information management team. Library management in the traditional books management excellent quality at the same time, network information technology to the expertise and information digitization management of librarians level are also put forw

26、ard higher request. According to the change characteristics of networked library, in order to adapt to the new era of network, the construction and development of digital library, a qualified network library management personnel should possess the following comprehensive quality in the management. 1

27、思想道德素質(zhì)The ideological and moral qualities 思想道德素質(zhì)是網(wǎng)絡(luò)圖書管理員做好圖書管理工作的最基本要求，是圖書管理工作的前提和保障，應(yīng)做到以下幾個(gè)方面。Ideological and moral qualities is the network the minimum requirements for the librarian to do a good job of books management, books management work is the premise and guarantee, should do the following s

28、everal aspects. 1強(qiáng)烈的事業(yè)心。圖書館館藏資源是人類社會(huì)生活和歷史文化的記錄和總匯，是各行各業(yè)的人們進(jìn)行學(xué)習(xí)和參考的知識(shí)源泉，承擔(dān)著傳播人類文明和智慧結(jié)晶的使命，圖書管理員要意識(shí)到自己所從事工作的重要作用和意義，充分認(rèn)識(shí)到自己的工作在現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)中的地位和作用，因而要樹立正確的人生觀和價(jià)值觀，熱愛自己的職業(yè)，做到愛崗敬業(yè)，干好干精，更好地發(fā)揮自己在經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展和社會(huì)進(jìn)步過(guò)程中的職能作用。strong career-ambition. Library collection is the record of human social life and historical and cul

29、tural resources and club, is people from all walks of life to learn and reference the source of knowledge, taking on the mission of dissemination of human civilization and wisdom crystallization, the librarians to realize important role and significance of his work fully to realize his own work in t

30、he position and role of the modernization construction, thus to set up the correct outlook on life and values, love their career, wuxi, doing good, better play to their function in the process of economic development and social progress. 2高度的責(zé)任感。圖書管理員從事的既是一項(xiàng)學(xué)術(shù)性、技術(shù)性、創(chuàng)造性都很強(qiáng)的工作，同時(shí)也是一項(xiàng)復(fù)雜、細(xì)致、繁瑣而又默默無(wú)聞的工作，

31、需要管理員具備嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)細(xì)致的作風(fēng)和埋頭苦干的精神，具有高度的責(zé)任感和盡心、耐心、細(xì)心的工作態(tài)度。high sense of responsibility. Is a librarian in academic, technical, creative, strong work, is also a complex work, careful, complicated and obscure, require administrator have rigorous and meticulous attitude and hard work spirit, high sense of responsi

32、bility and diligent, patience and careful work attitude. 3服務(wù)第一，讀者至上的信念。管理員良好的服務(wù)態(tài)度是提高服務(wù)效率的基本保證，圖書文獻(xiàn)管理工作要一切以讀者為中心，讀者至上，做到熱情周到、積極主動(dòng)，耐心細(xì)致，想讀者之所想，急讀者之所急，以服務(wù)讀者為榮，以讀者滿意為準(zhǔn)。service first, the supremacy of the reader. Administrator good service attitude is the basic guarantee, improve the service efficiency o

33、f books document management work to all readers as the center, customer-focused, enthusiasm thoughtful, proactive, patient, careful, want want to readers, readers are eager, to serve the readers, the readers satisfaction shall prevail. 2.良好的心理素質(zhì)Good psychological quality 圖書文獻(xiàn)管理員的工作性質(zhì)決定了要與年齡、職業(yè)、文化層次、

34、興趣愛好等不同的讀者打交道，為讀者提供信息和資料，并從他們那里獲得反饋信息。這需要具有良好的心理素質(zhì)，要具有心理耐壓、心理應(yīng)急、心理平衡能力，具有較強(qiáng)的語(yǔ)言表達(dá)能力、人際交流和溝通能力，這樣才能與讀者和用戶建立起一種互相信任、相互理解的相容愉悅關(guān)系，維護(hù)圖書管理的良好形象。Books document administrator of the nature of the work and decided to age, occupation, cultural level, hobbies, etc. Different readers, for readers to provide info

35、rmation and data, and get feedback from them. It needs to have good psychological quality, have psychological pressure, psychological emergency, psychological balance ability, has the strong language expression ability, interpersonal communication and communication ability, such ability with readers

36、 and users to establish a kind of the compatible pleasure relationship of mutual trust, mutual understanding, maintain the good image of the library. 3.專業(yè)技能素質(zhì)Professional skill 專業(yè)文化技能素質(zhì)是圖書館管理員做好管理工作的根本要求，是勝任本職工作的必要保證，應(yīng)具有以下知識(shí)技能。Professional skills quality culture is the fundamental requirement of the

37、 librarian to do a good job of management, necessary guarantee is competent for his job and should have the following knowledge and skills. 1扎實(shí)的專業(yè)基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)。一個(gè)合格的圖書管理員首先要熟練掌握?qǐng)D書館基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)和基本技能，了解圖書館的功能、構(gòu)成、作用等，熟知圖書、期刊等紙質(zhì)文獻(xiàn)和電子文獻(xiàn)的分類和檢索知識(shí)，掌握?qǐng)D書學(xué)、版本學(xué)、文獻(xiàn)學(xué)、信息檢索、分類編目等專業(yè)知識(shí)。solid professional basic knowledge. A qualified

38、librarian, first of all, to master basic knowledge and basic skills, library knowledge library of function, composition, function, etc., known as books, journals and other paper documents and electronic literature classification and retrieval of knowledge, master the book study, edition study, docum

39、ent and information retrieval, classification, cataloguing and other professional knowledge. 2電腦網(wǎng)絡(luò)和信息通訊知識(shí)。在網(wǎng)絡(luò)環(huán)境下，圖書館的圖書管理工作是以電腦的應(yīng)用為核心的，并輔以縮影、光盤、聲像、通訊等新技術(shù)，針對(duì)讀者需求，開展電子資源的檢索服務(wù)、網(wǎng)上信息資源的導(dǎo)航、信息傳遞、電子郵件推送、拓展專利查詢、網(wǎng)上咨詢等服務(wù)形式，形成了高密度存貯、遠(yuǎn)程傳輸、快速檢索的圖書情報(bào)處理特點(diǎn)，這就要求管理員不僅有扎實(shí)和豐富的圖書館基礎(chǔ)專業(yè)知識(shí)，還要掌握電腦使用操作技術(shù)、網(wǎng)絡(luò)通訊技術(shù)、數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)技術(shù)、系統(tǒng)開發(fā)和維護(hù)、

40、信息存儲(chǔ)技術(shù)、信息檢索與處理技術(shù)、多媒體技術(shù)等，從而對(duì)管理員提出了更高的素質(zhì)要求。computer networks and information and communication knowledge. Under the network environment, the management of books in the library work in the computer application as the core, supplemented by miniature, disks, audio-visual, communications and other new tec

41、hnology, in view of the readers needs, electronic resources retrieval services, Internet information resource navigation, information transfer, electronic mail, extend patent query, online consulting services such as form, form the high density storage, remote transmission, rapid retrieval, and info

42、rmation processing characteristics, which requires the administrators not only have a solid foundation for professional knowledge and rich library, but also master computer operation technology, network communication technology, database technology, system development and maintenance, information st

43、orage technology, information retrieval and information processing technology, multimedia technology and so on, thus puts forward higher quality requirements to the administrator. 3豐富的外語(yǔ)知識(shí)。作為網(wǎng)絡(luò)化圖書館的圖書管理人員還要掌握外語(yǔ)知識(shí)，提高服務(wù)水平。雖然多數(shù)圖書館均有一定數(shù)量的外文文獻(xiàn)，但這些外文文獻(xiàn)的利用率并不高，主要原因之一是圖書管理員和讀者對(duì)外文文獻(xiàn)種類、內(nèi)容不太了解。因此，圖書管理員只有具備了一定的

44、外語(yǔ)素質(zhì)，才能將外文文獻(xiàn)、外文數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)有效地處理并推介給讀者，才能在互聯(lián)網(wǎng)上搜索更多有價(jià)值的外文資源為讀者服務(wù)。the knowledge of foreign languages. As a networked library books management personnel to master foreign language knowledge, improve the level of service. Although most libraries have a certain amount of foreign literature, but the utilization of

45、 foreign literature is not high, one of the main reason is the librarians and readers in foreign language literature category, content don't understand. Librarians, therefore, only have a certain quality of foreign language, to foreign language literature, foreign language database effectively d

46、ealt with and introduce to the readers, can search on the Internet more valuable resources in a foreign service for readers. 三、管理員綜合素質(zhì)的提升途徑,administrator of comprehensive quality promotion way網(wǎng)絡(luò)化、信息化的圖書館工作條件下，要求圖書管理員必須具備上述綜合素質(zhì)，才能適應(yīng)圖書館的建設(shè)、改革與發(fā)展步伐，才能從容應(yīng)對(duì)圖書館各項(xiàng)管理工作，更好服務(wù)于讀者。這要求網(wǎng)絡(luò)化圖書管理員通過(guò)多種途徑不斷提高發(fā)展自己，找出差距

47、，迎頭趕上。Library work under the condition of network, informationization, demands the librarians must possess the above quality, to meet the needs of the library construction, reform and development, to calmly deal with the management of the library work and better serve the readers. This requires netw

48、orking librarians to constantly improve their development, through various channels to find out gap and catch up. 1在崗自學(xué)。大多數(shù)圖書管理人員不便參加脫產(chǎn)學(xué)習(xí)，更好的形式是自學(xué)。圖書管理人員可在各自的工作崗位上結(jié)合本人實(shí)際和具體的業(yè)務(wù)工作，充分利用圖書館資源優(yōu)勢(shì)學(xué)習(xí)新知識(shí)、學(xué)習(xí)新技術(shù)。把業(yè)務(wù)學(xué)習(xí)當(dāng)作經(jīng)常工作去抓，并不斷將所學(xué)知識(shí)和技術(shù)運(yùn)用到實(shí)際工作中，在工作中加深對(duì)所學(xué)知識(shí)和技術(shù)的理解和運(yùn)用。 the on-the-job self-study. Most librarians

49、inconvenience to attend off-job learning, better is in the form of self-study. Books management personnel can work in their respective positions on the combination of practical and specific business work, make full use of library resources to learn new knowledge, learn new technology. Business learn

50、ing as often work to grasp, and continue to apply knowledge and technology practice, in the work to deepen the understanding of knowledge and technology and application. 2積極參加學(xué)術(shù)交流活動(dòng)。在條件允許的情況下，應(yīng)盡可能多地派人參加各種級(jí)別的學(xué)術(shù)交流活動(dòng)，以促進(jìn)管理人員整體學(xué)術(shù)水平的提高。圖書館應(yīng)給管理員營(yíng)造一種學(xué)術(shù)氛圍，支持和鼓勵(lì)有科研能力的管理人員積極開展科學(xué)研究，撰寫科研論文。有目的地組織圖書管理人員去其他圖書館學(xué)習(xí)，

51、參加業(yè)務(wù)培訓(xùn)，加強(qiáng)館際交流與協(xié)作。take an active part in academic exchanges. In conditions allow, we should send someone as much as possible to participate in various levels of academic exchanges, to promote the improvement of the overall academic level in management. Library should give administrators to create an

52、academic atmosphere, support and management of scientific research ability are encouraged to actively carry out scientific research, writing a research paper. Purposefully organize books to the library to study other management personnel, to participate in business training, strengthen the interlibr

53、ary communication and collaboration. 3組織培訓(xùn)。組織管理員參加兄弟院校的圖書管理方面的培訓(xùn)，或者推薦新進(jìn)圖書館的高水平管理員對(duì)一些圖書管理員進(jìn)行定期培訓(xùn)。通過(guò)強(qiáng)制性業(yè)務(wù)培訓(xùn)來(lái)提升管理員的業(yè)務(wù)素質(zhì)，并進(jìn)行相關(guān)的績(jī)效考核，建立催促競(jìng)爭(zhēng)機(jī)制。the organization training. Organization administrator for book management aspects of the training of other universities, or recommend new library of high level administrator for some librarian training on a regular basis. Through mandatory business training to improve administrator's service quality, and carries on