學術會議Oral Presentation Skills

1、I. PREPARATION AND PLANNING1.ESSENTIAL PREPARATION AND PLANNING CHECKLIST- My Aim/purpose？- My Title？- My Target Audience?- My Main Points?- My STRUCTURE OF AN ORAL PRESENTATIONTHE BEGINNING OR THE INTRODUCTIONGet the audiences attention and signal the beginning. Right. Well. OK. Erm. Lets begin. Go

2、od. Fine. Great. Can we start? Shall we start? Lets get the ball rolling. Lets get down to business.THE BEGINNING OR THE INTRODUCTIONTHE BEGINNING OR THE INTRODUCTIONIntroduce oneself, (name, position, and company) Good morning everyone, Id like to start by introducing myself. My name is. I am a stu

3、dent at the INT I am a doctoral candidate, I am X. Y. from 3 Com. Im the manager of I am a researcher from Ive been working on the subject now for X years. Ive had wide experience in the field of .THE BEGINNING OR THE INTRODUCTIONGive title and introduce subject I plan to speak about. Today Im going

4、 to talk about. The subject of my presentation is. The theme of my talk is. Ive been asked to give you an overview of.Give your objectives (purpose, aim, goals) What I would like to do today is to explainto illustrate.to give you the essential background information on.to outline.to have a look at.

5、What I want my listeners to get out of my speech is. If there is one thing Id like to get across to you today it is thatTHE BEGINNING OR THE INTRODUCTIONTHE BEGINNING OR THE INTRODUCTIONAnnounce your outline. I have broken my speech down/up into X parts. I have divided my presentation (up) into Y pa

6、rts. In the first part I give a few basic definitions. In the next section I will explain In part three, I am going to show. In the last part I would like/want to give a practical example.THE BEGINNING OR THE INTRODUCTIONQuestions and comments from the audience. Id ask you to save your questions for

7、 the end. There will be plenty of time at the end of my speech for a discussion. You may interrupt me at any moment to ask questions or make comments. Please stop me if you dont understand any thing I say but could you keep any specific questions until after Ive finished.THE BEGINNING OR THE INTRODU

8、CTIONMake a transition between the introduction and the body. Now let us turn to point one. Let us now move on to the second part, which is, as I said earlier.THE MIDDLE OR THE BODYA. ContentB. QuantityC. Sequencing your ideasD. Keeping the audiences attentionTHE MIDDLE OR THE BODYE Signposting or s

9、ignaling where you are. Listing information Lists are often a necessary evil. Vary your language whenever possible and avoid reading directly. There are three things we have to consider: one, two, and three. A, B, C. Now let us look at the first aspect which is. First of all, In the first placeTHE M

10、IDDLE OR THE BODYLinking ideas, sections/making transitionsIndicate the end of one section and the beginning of the next. Thats all I would like to say about. (subject of part A) and now let us turn to . Now that weve seen. let us turn toTHE MIDDLE OR THE BODYTo be clear and concrete. Use examples,

11、rephrasing, summaries etc.:THE MIDDLE OR THE BODYTo give an example: Now lets take an example. An example of this can be found. To illustrate this Lets see this through an example. For example, For instance,THE MIDDLE OR THE BODYTo rephrase: Let me rephrase that, In other words Another way of saying

12、 the same thing is That is to sayTHE MIDDLE OR THE BODYTo emphasize What is very significant is. What is important to remember. Id like to emphasize the fact that. Id like to stress the importance of. What I tried to bring out. What we need to focus on.THE MIDDLE OR THE BODYTo summarize: To summariz

13、e To sum up, Let me summarize by saying So that concludes my overview In conclusion Briefly said In short, What Ive tried to show in this part. To recap what weve seen so far.THE MIDDLE OR THE BODYTo refer to what you have said previously: As I have already said earlier. As we saw in part one. To re

14、peat what Ive said alreadyTHE MIDDLE OR THE BODYTo refer to what you will say: We will see this a little later on. This will be the subject of part 3. We will go into more detail on that later.THE MIDDLE OR THE BODYTo refer to what an expert says: I quote the words of . In the words of According to.

15、 Here Id like to quote As Mr. X says in his book. There is a famous quotation that goes.THE MIDDLE OR THE BODYTo refer to common knowledge: As you all may well know. It is generally accepted that. As you are probably aware (of).THE END OR CONCLUSIONThe end or the conclusion of your talk should inclu

16、de four parts: brief reminder of what you tried to show in your speech and how you tried to do so, a short conclusion, thanks to the audience for listening, and an invitation to ask questions, make comments or open a discussion.THE END OR CONCLUSIONNaturally you need to signpost the end of your talk

17、. This may take the form of a recapitulation of the main points. Id like to summarize/sum up At this stage I would like to run through/over the main points. So, as we have seen today. As I have tried to explain this morning BT finds itself in.THE END OR CONCLUSIONAbove all when you conclude do not d

18、o it abruptly or as if surprised to get to the end of your talk. In conclusion I would like to say that. My final comments concern. I would like to finish by reminding everyone that.THE END OR CONCLUSIONAnd finally you may well have to deal with questions. Id be happy to answer any questions. If the

19、re are any questions please feel free to ask. Thank you very much for your attention and if there are any suggestions or commentsGeneral and miscellaneous tips.Test the visual to see if people at the back of the room can see it.Stand to the side of the screen and face the audience.Mask to reveal onl

20、y what you want the audience to see.Use a pointer or a pen to draw attention to a specific point.Visuals should be adjusted to the audience.Visuals should supplement the spoken message.Large enough for everyone to see. (Good idea to give out a paper copy, i.e. a handout, not at the same time though,

21、 as the audience may not look at you)Dont display too much information, too many colors or typefaces.Does the layout work?Are there any spelling mistakes or grammatical errors? Remember they are going to be in plain view all the time of your visual.How should you present a visual in a presentation?L

22、ets look at the current distribution of the market, as you can see.Im going to show you now the most recent figures available.My next slide concerns the method by which.Positive body language eye contact to keep audiences attention facial expressions should be natural and friendly. Dont forget to sm

23、ile.raise eyebrows to show surpriseopen eyes wide posture stand straight but relaxed (do not slouch or lean) movement - to indicate a change of focus, keep the audiences attentionmove forward to emphasizemove to one side to indicate a transition gestureup and down head motion or other movements to indicate importancepen or pointer to indicate a part, a place (on a transparency).shrug of the shoulders to indicate I dont know!hands - back and forth = two possibilities, more or lessarm - movement back, forthNegative body language loss