新聞?dòng)⒄Z(yǔ)標(biāo)題特點(diǎn)

1、I. The headline(標(biāo)題)nTwo types：n1、主標(biāo)題(headline)，usu. Larger printing or sometimes colorful printing to attract the readers attentionn2. 次標(biāo)題(sub-headline), usu. under the headline, to provide further information or to explain the headlineheadlinenthe title of a newspaper story that is printed in large

2、 letters:The Sydney Morning Herald carried the headline: Sorry Maam, Most Australians Want a Republic. nthe headlines1 the most important stories in the news:The fuel crisis continues to dominate the headlines.2 make/hit/grab the headlines-to become famous by being reported in the newsFeatures of th

3、e headlinenI. Omission(省略省略)n1.Function words (虛詞)such as articles, prep, conj, auxiliary v. or pron are often omitted in the headline. “To be ” is also often omittednEg. 1). Italian Ex-mayor Murderedn = (An ) Italian Ex-mayor (Is)Murderedn2) Married Women (Are)to Get Care Allowancen3). Rail Chaos G

4、etting Worsen =(The) Rail Chaos (Is) Getting Worsen4) Journalist fired in spy debate=(A Journalist is fired in spy debate)n5) Irish group kills ex-chiefn= (An) Irish group kills (its) exchief2. “And” is often replaced by “,” Eg. 1). Thailand , Malaysia Ink Sea Treaty=Thailand (and)Malaysia Ink (a)Se

5、a Treaty2)Woman Kills Husband , Herself=(A) Woman Kills (Her)Husband (and)Herself3. Link verb “be ”or some other verbs like “say, show/reveal, etc.”are replaced by “:” or “” Eg. 1) Chinese acrobats：masters of stunts (=The Chinese acrobats are masters of stunts)2) Mao : We Should Support Third World

6、Countries= Mao (Says) (That) We Should Support (the )Third World Countries(3) Little anti-US feelingdiplomat=(A diplomat says there is little anti-US feeling)(4) Economy Grows Slowly as Unemployment, Inflation RiseEconomists(Economists Say that Economy Grows Slowly as Unemployment and Inflation Rise

7、)II. Simplification of the tense （動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)簡(jiǎn)化）1. “Present tense”（一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)） is used very often1). Things which happened in the past (過(guò)去發(fā)生的事情) eg. 13 die as crowded Van Crosses M42) Things which are happening. Eg. Schools Ask Parents for Money toward Books3) Things which are going to happenEg. Swedish Oil Del

8、iveries Halt as Strike Spreads 4) Things which have happenedEg. EU Plans to Boost Frances Recoveryn2. “to do ”（動(dòng)詞不定式）is used to stand for “future tens”（將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)）Eg.1) Peking to Fire Test Rocket to South Pacific2) At Least 4 to Leave Cabinet as Clinton Begins New TransitionIII. Acronyms(首字母縮略詞) / abbrevi

9、ations (縮寫(xiě)詞 ) 1. Initial names/acronyms of proper names (organizations / agencies/disease) and common names (professions/ranks) are often used in headlines.Eg. 1). EUs Future : The Vision and the Slog EU= European Union2) IMF to recruit new members(IMF=International Monetary Fund)3）RAFs New Jet Make

10、s Debut(RAF=Royal Air Force)CIA= Central Intelligence AgencyGOP=grand old party/Republican NATO=north Atlantic Treaty Organization APEC,OPEC, WHO, IOC, MIT, FBI, NASA etc.nABM=anti-ballistic missile 反彈道導(dǎo)彈nICBM=Intercontinental Ballistic MissilenSALT=strategic arms limitation talks限制戰(zhàn)略武器會(huì)談nWMD=weapon

11、s of mass distruction nEST=Eastern Standard TimenGMT=Greenwich Mean TimenPR,UFO,World Shocked as Top Soccer Star Gets AIDS(AIDSacquired immune deficiency syndrome) PC,fax sales expected to soarn1 Aussie PM sacks gentle treasurer(Aussie PMAustralian Prime Minister)n2 Rally calls for more black MPs(MP

12、smembers of parliament) US Refuses ME talks date changenWASHINGTON-The US administration on Thursday turned down Arab request for setting a new starting time for the Middle East peace talks. -The Guardian, Dec.6, 19912. Abbreviations are also often used in headlines to save space and make headlines

13、1). No Hope for 118 Crew of Russian SubSub =submarine2) University Entry Hard for Would-be VetsVet=veteran3) New Groups to Boost Hi-tech ResearchHi-tech =high technology4) 0verseas co-op to get boost (co-op-co-operations)5). EEC warns Nuke Arms Spread (NukeNuclear weapon)6) Reagan VSRight wing on Ba

14、llistic Missile Defence (VSVersus)IV. Midget words(小字)n-midget words or single-syllable words are often used in headlineEg.1) the Gems of War (gems =jewels寶石)2). TV Airs “Facts” on Arms DeliveryAir= to make known 3) Soviets Assail US on A-testsAssail = to criticize strongly4) Governor to Axe Aid? Ax

15、e= dismiss from a job, to cut ,take away5) Unions Back Peace MoveBack= support6) Bus Ban on Pupils after Attack on CrewBan= prohibition7) Club Faces Shutdown for Barring WomenBar=not to allow, exclude8) Man Claims Ghost sightingClaim= to declare to be true9) Bombs Claims 40Claim =to kill10) Peace Dr

16、ive SucceedsDrive = campaign, efforts11) Womens Groups Eye Court VoteEye = to watch with interest12) Fuel Strike Hits HospitalHit = to affect badly13) 7 held for Gambling Hold = to keep in police control, detain14) Thailand, Malaysia Ink Sea TreatyInk = to sign15) Post Office Profits Top $40 million

17、Top =to exceed16) Reagan weighs Tax IncreaseWeigh =to consider 簡(jiǎn)短小詞n標(biāo)題除偏愛(ài)使用短小動(dòng)詞外，還常常選用簡(jiǎn)短、字母數(shù)少的名詞或名詞詞組。如accord與agreement， aide與assistant，aim與purpose，rally與amass assembly，drive與campaign，talk與negotiation 等。例如：nQUAKE DEATH TOLL MAY TOP 2000(THE DEATH TOLL IN THE EARTHQUAKE MAY EXCEED 2000)地震死亡人數(shù)估計(jì)已逾兩干nN

18、EW GROUPS BOOST HITECH RESEARCH(NEW GROUPS PROMOTE HIGH TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH)新興集團(tuán)推動(dòng)高新技術(shù)研究nBAKER，JAPAN VISIT OFF，ARMS ISSUE HOT(BAKERs JAPAN VISIT IS OFF AND THE MILITARY WEAPONS ISSUE IS HOT)軍備問(wèn)題爭(zhēng)論激烈貝克取消訪日之行Classifications of the headline（標(biāo)題分類）According to the form and the content :1. Summary(摘要式)/st

19、atement(陳述式)： the main points are summarizedstated in the headline, easy to understandEg. Taiwan Recognizes Mainland Currency2. Question(設(shè)問(wèn)式):1) Sth is likely to happen in futureEg. Oil price to Rise? OPEC to Raise Oil Output?2) doubts about somethingEg. A Europe “With One Voice”?3. Quotation (引語(yǔ)式):

20、Eg. “We Have to Save Our People”, “We Wont Quit” Lead(導(dǎo)語(yǔ)導(dǎo)語(yǔ))-it is usu. located in the first paragraph or first few paragraphs, and summarizes the news/information usually including 5 Ws & 1 H (When, Where, Who, What, Why, How)Forms of lead(導(dǎo)語(yǔ)形式)：1). Summary lead(概括式)，一般放在開(kāi)頭，以一個(gè)完整的句子總結(jié)出新聞的諸要素。這種導(dǎo)語(yǔ)主要用

21、于重大新聞?dòng)残侣劊╤ard news）,包括了5 Ws & 1 H 的信息。句法上常常帶有較長(zhǎng)的分詞短語(yǔ)同位語(yǔ)從句). Narrative lead(敘述式)，常用于特寫(xiě)文章（features）或時(shí)間性不強(qiáng)的一般新聞軟新聞(soft news)。敘述性導(dǎo)語(yǔ)一般分為段，合起來(lái)成為導(dǎo)語(yǔ)區(qū)（lead block）. 3) Comparative lead(對(duì)比照式),把兩個(gè)人或兩件事情進(jìn)行對(duì)比對(duì)照，用以強(qiáng)調(diào)現(xiàn)在的變化。 Eg. When Buster Jones took over the little bar on Main Street in Wellston, his hair was the co