被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的中值得注意的幾點(diǎn)

1、 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的中值得注意的幾點(diǎn) 語(yǔ)態(tài)有兩種：主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)和被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的發(fā)出者為主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)；主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的接受者為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。1）若賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)是不帶to 的不定式，變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)，該不定式前要加"to"。此類動(dòng)詞為感官動(dòng)詞。feel, hear, help, listen to, look at, make, observe, see, notice, watchThe teacher made me go out of the classroom.-> I was made to go out of the classroom (by the teacher).We s

2、aw him play football on the playground.-> He was seen to play football on the playground.2）情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+ be +過(guò)去分詞，構(gòu)成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。 Coal can be used to produce electricity for agriculture and industry.let 的用法1）當(dāng)let后只有一個(gè)單音節(jié)動(dòng)詞，變被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)，可用不帶to 的不定式。 They let the strange go.-> The strange was let go.2） 若let 后賓補(bǔ)較長(zhǎng)時(shí)，le

3、t 通常不用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，而用allow或permit 代替。The nurse let me go to see my classmate in the hospital.-> I was allowed / permitted to see my classmate in the hospital.短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是一個(gè)整體，不可丟掉后面的介詞或副詞。This is a photo of the power station that has been set up in my hometown. My sister will be taken care of by Grandm

4、a.Such a thing has never been heard of before.表示"據(jù)說(shuō)"或"相信" 的詞組believe, consider, declare, expect, feel , report, say, see, suppose, think, understandIt is said that 據(jù)說(shuō)It is reported that 據(jù)報(bào)道 It is believed that大家相信It is hoped that大家希望It is well known that 眾所周知It is thought that大家認(rèn)

5、為It is suggested that據(jù)建議It is taken granted that 被視為當(dāng)然It has been decided that 大家決定 It must be remember that務(wù)必記住的是It is said that she will leave for Wuhan on Tuesday.不用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的情況1) 不及物動(dòng)詞或動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)無(wú)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：appear, die disappear, end (vi. 結(jié)束), fail, happen, last, lie, remain, sit, spread, standbreak out, come tr

6、ue, fall asleep, keep silence, lose heart, take place.After the fire, very little remained of my house.比較： rise, fall, happen是不及物動(dòng)詞；raise, seat是及物動(dòng)詞。 (錯(cuò)) The price has been risen.(對(duì)) The price has risen.(錯(cuò)) The accident was happened last week.(對(duì)) The accident happened last week.(錯(cuò)) The price has rai

7、sed.(對(duì)) The price has been raised.(錯(cuò)) Please seat.(對(duì)) Please be seated.要想正確地使用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，就須注意哪些動(dòng)詞是及物的，哪些是不及物的。特別是一詞多義的動(dòng)詞往往有兩種用法。解決這一問(wèn)題唯有在學(xué)習(xí)過(guò)程中多留意積累。 2) 不能用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的及物動(dòng)詞或動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)：fit, have, hold, marry, own, wish, cost, notice, watch agree with, arrive at / in, shake hands with, succeed in, suffer from, happen to

8、, take part in, walk into, belong toThis key just fits the lock. Your story agrees with what had already been heard. 3) 系動(dòng)詞無(wú)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：appear, be become, fall, feel, get, grow, keep, look, remain, seem, smell, sound, stay, taste, turn It sounds good. 4) 帶同源賓語(yǔ)的及物動(dòng)詞，反身代詞，相互代詞，不能用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：die, death, dream, liv

9、e, lifeShe dreamed a bad dream last night. 5) 當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)是不定式時(shí)，很少用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。 (對(duì)) She likes to swim. (錯(cuò)) To swim is liked by her.主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義1)wash, clean, cook, iron, look, cut, sell, read, wear, feel, draw, write, sell, driveThe book sells well.這本書銷路好。This knife cuts easily. 這刀子很好用。2)blame, let(出租), remain, keep

10、, rent, buildI was to blame for the accident.Much work remains.3) 在need, require, want, worth (形容詞), deserve后的動(dòng)名詞必須用主動(dòng)形式。The door needs repairing.= The door needs to be repaired.This room needs cleaning. 這房間應(yīng)該打掃一下。This book is worth reading.這本書值得一讀。4) 特殊結(jié)構(gòu)：make sb. heard / understood (使別人能聽見/理解自己)，h

11、ave sth. done ( 要某人做某事)。被動(dòng)形式表示主動(dòng)意義be determined, be pleased, be graduated (from), be finished, be prepared (for), be occupied (in), get marriesHe is graduated from a famous university. 他畢業(yè)于一所有名的大學(xué)。注意： 表示同某人結(jié)婚，用marry sb. 或get married to sb. 都可。He married a rich girl.He got married to a rich girl.need/want/require/worth注意：當(dāng) need, want, require, worth(形容詞)后面接doing也可以表示被動(dòng)。Your hair wants cutting.你的頭發(fā)該理了。The floor requires washing. 地板需要沖洗。The book is worth reading.這本書值得一讀。典型例題The library needs_, but it'll have to wait until Sunday.A. cleaning B