2020年高考英語短文改錯解題技巧

1、2020年高考英語短文改錯解題技巧一、短文改錯常見考點設(shè)置：（1）名詞命題特點：本來用復(fù)數(shù)，卻用單數(shù)；本來用單數(shù)，卻 用復(fù)數(shù)。改正方法：（1）根據(jù)名詞前的修飾限定成份（2）根據(jù)上下 文的邏輯關(guān)系、1 She said that she and my schoolmate all wished me success, （schoolmate 改為 schoolmates）2、 After class we become stranger at once、 （stranger 改為 strangers）3、 They want me to devote all my time to my stud

2、ies so that I 11 get marks in all my subject、 （subject 改為 subjects）4、 On the way up I was busy taking picture since the scenery was so beautiful、 （picture 改為 pictures）5、 There are advantage for students to work while studying at school、 （advantage 改為 advantages）6、 Now we can get millions of informat

3、ions from the Internet. （ informations 去掉 s）7、 He had no ideas that the kitchen was not for guests、 （ideas 改為 idea）8、 She is one of the most intelligent girl in our class、（girl 改為 girls）9、 I looked at his other hands、 （hands 改為 hand）10、 Most of them are peasant and some often go fishing in the sea、

4、（peasant 改為 peasants）11、 We have made great progresses with Mr、 Liu teaching us、（ progresses 去掉 es）12、What a fine weather it is today!（去掉 a） （2）代詞 命題特點：1、男女性代詞用反；2、單數(shù)指代復(fù)數(shù)；3、代詞詞性用錯；4、缺少人稱代詞。改正方法：根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系以及人稱代詞的數(shù)和格的 一致問題、1 Rose is such a kind girl that we all like him very much、（him 改為 her）2、 The Sm

5、iths did his best to make me feel at home、 （his 改為 their）3、 I have a good friend who s name is Liu Mei、 （who s 改為 whose）4、 It was about noon when we arrived at the foot of the mountain. The three of them were very excited、 （them 改為 us）5、 Soon I began to enjoy talking to myself as I was learning to e

6、xpress me in simple English、 （me 改為 myself）6、 My story book is much more interesting than her （her 改為 hers）7、 One day I wrote a little story and showed to my teacher、 （showed 后力口 it）8、 Some students may also save up for our college or future use、 （our 改為 their）9、 Do you think necessary for you to le

7、arn Japanese well?（think后加it） （3）介詞命題特點及改正方法：介詞涉及 搭配錯誤，因此可從以下方面確定錯誤：1）介詞的基本用法； 2）習(xí)慣搭配；3）動詞詞類確定錯誤，如talk, serve, wait 等。4）對是否是及物動詞判斷錯誤。如果動詞是及物動詞，其后 直接接賓語，不需要介詞，如果有介詞，那就是介詞的多余，出 現(xiàn)錯誤。而不及物動詞不可以直接接賓語，如果賓語需借助恰當(dāng) 的介詞，要是缺少了這個介詞，就會出現(xiàn)錯誤。記?。航樵~短語 常常考，固定搭配要記牢。介詞后邊跟賓語，結(jié)合語境細(xì)推敲。1We do not seem to get much time to tal

8、k about together.（去掉about或在后加it）2、 I was so tired that I fell asleep at the moment my head touched the pillow、 （去掉 at）3、 The patients are taken good care well in the nursing home, （care 后力口 of）4、 The main problem was in that I always thought in Chinese and tried to translate anything into English.（去

9、掉was后的in）5、 Finally they found a hotel to stay、 （stay 后力口 at）6、 We 11 talk with our plan for the weekend over dinner、 （with 改為 about）7、 I am writing to thank you with your kind help, （with 改為 for）8、 He was looking for a glass the cupboard. （glass 后加in）9、 Please help with me and give me some advice、

10、（去 掉with） （4）時態(tài)、語態(tài)錯誤命題特點及改正方法：現(xiàn)在時與過 去時的誤用，句中一般沒有時間狀語。每年都考。要注意聯(lián)系上 下文，著眼于整個語篇的時態(tài)。通常整篇都是過去，突然一個句 子用現(xiàn)在時；或者通常整篇都是現(xiàn)在，突然一個句子用過去時。其中又以一般現(xiàn)在時和過去時互改為多。語態(tài)錯誤主要包括主動 語態(tài)與被動語態(tài)的錯用以及不及物動詞用了被動語態(tài)。1They did not want me to do any work at home； they want me to devote all my time to my studies so that I can make great progr

11、ess （did 改為 do）2、 The time passes quickly Evening came、 （passes 改 為 passed）3、 She liked it very much and reads it to the class, （reads 改為 read）4、 I don t know that they don t like to talk with me、 Sometimes, we talked to each other very well in class、（talked 改為 talk）5、 I will write again and send yo

12、u the photos we take together, （take 改為 took）6、 We had guests last night who have not stayed in a B&B hotel before（have 改為 had）7、 We fed monkeys, visiting temples and told stories、（visiting改為visited） （5）副詞或并列連詞邏輯 意義錯誤（and/but/or/so誤用及前后不一致）指的是依據(jù)上下文 或者全篇文章的語境判斷，該詞的邏輯意義不符合該處的語境， 如表轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的用了并列關(guān)系的詞，表結(jié)果的用了

13、表原因的詞等 這類錯誤。命題特點：主要考查and、or. but、so等并列連詞的 誤用。改正方法；1）根據(jù)句意確定錯誤；2）根據(jù)句子的邏輯關(guān)系 確定錯誤。1、She is smiling at me but nodding at me、 （but 改為 and）2、 It looks as if my parents treat me as a visitor and a guest、 （and 改為 or）3、 The food was expensive and the service was good、 （and 改為 but）4、 I came into the living roo

14、m and saw one of them just go through the kitchen door but turn on the light （but 改為 and）5、 Hurry up, and you will miss the first bus、 （and 改為 or 或 otherwise）6、 She worked hard, and she was admitted to Beijing University、（and 改為 so）7、 Many peasants own their air-conditioners but some even have their

15、 own cars、（but 改為 and） （6）從句連詞命題 特點及改正方法：句子結(jié)構(gòu)方面的錯誤主要涉及句子成份和復(fù)合 句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞等。解答這類題從以下方面來思考：1）句子結(jié)構(gòu)是否 完整，成份是否冗缺；2）復(fù)合句中連接主句和從句的關(guān)系詞或連 接詞是否得當(dāng)?shù)取?It was about noon we arrived at the foot of the mountain, （noon 后力口 when）2、 I don t know that they don t like to talk with me、 （that 改為 why）3、 The main problem was in th

16、at I always thought in Chinese and tried to translate everything into English.（去掉that前的in）4、 What interested us most was what he gave his lessons lively and interesting （第二個 what 改為 that）5、 They did not want breakfast because that they were going out early in the morning、 （去掉 that）6、 That she said a

17、t the meeting surprised everyone in the room, （that 改為 what）7、 He came out to see that was happening outside in the street、 （that改為what） （7）冠詞命題特點及改正方法： 英語中冠詞只有三個，只能從以下幾個方向出題：1）不定冠詞a 和an互改；2）不定冠詞a或an和定冠詞the互改；3）根據(jù)需 要增刪冠詞：定冠詞the的多余或缺失，如季節(jié)、月份、星期、 球類、三餐、稱呼或頭銜等前不能加the卻加了 the, same等常 和the一起使用的詞漏掉了 the；可數(shù)

18、名詞的單數(shù)形式前面沒有冠 詞或其他限定詞。1、As everyone knowst it s famous mountain with all kinds of plants and animals. （famous 前力口 a）2、 He built a telescope through which he could study sky、（sky 前加 the）3、We may be one family and live under a same roof, but（a 改為 the）4、 On Thursday I will have to decide what I want to

19、do over a weekend、 （a 改為 the）5、 Rose comes from an European country but she can speak Chinese、（an 改為 a）6、 All of us think it is a bad weather it is today、 （去掉a）7、I hope you ve had pleasant journey home （had 后力口 a）8、We all think Betty is a honest girl、 （a 改為 an）9、 Up to now about8 astronauts has walk

20、ed in the space、（去掉 the）10、 With the help of Mr. Li I have made a great progress.（去掉a） （8）形容詞和副詞命題特點及改正方法：主 要考查形容詞和副詞的誤用、形容詞及副詞的比較級等。1）形容 詞或副詞形式的錯用：該用形容詞的形式卻用了副詞的形式，或 者該用副詞的形式卻用了形容詞的形式；2）形容詞或副詞級別的 錯用：指該用形容詞或副詞的比較級或最高級卻用了原級，或者 該用原級形式卻用了比較級或最高級，或者該用最高級卻用了比 較級等。此外，還有比較級的修飾語使用不當(dāng)，如比較級不能修 飾比較級，如果出現(xiàn)比較級修飾比較

21、級的情況，則前面的比較級 是錯誤地，可能需要去掉或者修改該詞語。常見的比較級修飾語 有：a bit, a little, slightly, much far, even 等。常見的最 高級修飾語有：almost, （by）far, nearly, quite, really, second, third 等。3）有無Ty結(jié)尾的副詞錯用。這類錯誤一種情況是該詞本身是副 詞，不加Ty卻加了；另一種情況是兩個詞都是副詞，一個以Ty 結(jié)尾，一個是本身的形式，應(yīng)該用以Ty結(jié)尾的副詞，卻用了沒有 以-ly結(jié)尾的副詞形式，不該用以Ty結(jié)尾的副詞卻用了。事實 上，一般說來，以Ty結(jié)尾的副詞表示抽象意義，而不

22、以Ty結(jié)尾 的副詞表示具體的動作程度，如think highly of對評價很 高，jump higho 1）根據(jù)adj、或adv、的基本用法確定錯誤； 2）修飾名詞用形容詞，系表結(jié)構(gòu)用形容詞；3）修飾行為動詞、 形容詞、過去分詞及整個句子用副詞，在句首用副詞。1、 I would describe myself as shy and quietly、 （quietly 改為 quiet）2、 There have been reports in America about people trying to steal person information for bad purposes（p

23、erson 改為 personal）3、 The life of the people in the village has great improved, （great 改為 greatly）4、 To catch the first bus she hurried to the station as rapid as she can、（rapid 改為 rapidly）5、 Finding information on the Net is easily （easily 改為easy）6、 They came back lately and had some tea、 （lately 改

24、為 late）7、 There are many foreigners coming to Qingdao for a tour in recently years、（recently 改為 recent）8、 Climate in Beijing is much cold than that in Nanjing、（cold 改為 colder）9、 The soup tastes great delicious、 （great 改為 greatly）10、 I am sure I can get along good with my host family、（good 改為 well） 1

25、11、 rtunate he passed the driving test, （fortunate 改為 fortunately）12、 My mum makes the better biscuits in the world, so I decided to ask her for help、 （better 改為 best）13、 I found the test difficult, but I tried hardly to do it、 （hardly改為hard） （9）非謂語動詞命題特點及改正 方法：1）動詞不定式的to不可以省略而省略，2）應(yīng)該用過去分詞而用 現(xiàn)在分詞，3）

26、該用現(xiàn)在分詞而用過去分詞；4）該用非謂語動詞而 用了謂語動詞。14、 rning their own money allows them spend on anything as they please、 （spend 前力口 to）15、 My parents will do all they can make sure that I get a good education, （make 前力口 to）16、 Soon I began to enjoy talk to myself on paper as I was learning to express myself in simple

27、 English、 （talk 改為 talking）17、 The quake destroyed many houses and buildings made many people homeless, （made 改為 making）18、 Repairing last month, now the bathroom opens、 （repairing 改為 repaired）19、 We fed monkeys, visiting temples and told stories, （visiting 改為 visited）20、 Some students may also to s

28、ave up for our college or future use、 （去掉 to）21、 There are a lot of people learned English in China、（learned 改為 learning）22、 You should had a balancing diet to grow a healthy man. （balancing 改為 balanced）23、 When she returned she found her bike losing、 （losing改為lost） （10）定語從句中的關(guān)系代詞命題特點改正方 法：1）關(guān)系代詞和人稱

29、代詞的錯用；2）關(guān)系代詞和人稱代詞的 疊用3）關(guān)系代詞遺漏24、 She moved to Canada, there he picked up some English、（there 改為 where）25、 saw a pretty girl, she came from the US、（she 改 為 who）26、 He s reading the same book that she did last week、（that 改為 as）27、 Do you know the boy his father is a doctor? （his 改 為 whose）28、 Tom boug

30、ht the new bike which he found it two weeks ago、（去掉 it,與 which 重復(fù)）29、 Finally they arrived at the cinema, that was standing on the water （that 改為 which）30、 Suddenly he found a temple, which was built itlOO years ago、（去掉 it,與 which 重復(fù)）31、 Do you know the girl spoke to the boy just now?（在 spoke 前加 who

31、）32、 On Teachers Day they talked about some things and persons whom they remembered in the past, （whom 改為 that）33、 The film was directed by Li An is very interesting（在 was 前加 which 或 that）34、 I 11 tell you all which he told me yesterday （which 改為 that）35、 He came from Canada from him I learned a lot

32、 of knowledge、（him 改為 whom）36、 I 11 never forget the days when we spent together, （when去掉或改為that/which） （11）主謂一致 命題 特點改正方法：謂語動詞的形式跟主語不一致。其錯誤類型表現(xiàn) 為：1）主語時復(fù)數(shù)形式，而謂語動詞卻用了單數(shù)，2）或者主語 是單數(shù)形式，謂語動詞卻用了復(fù)數(shù)形式；3）第三人稱單數(shù)漏掉 s； 4）再就是就近原則對主語的影響。1She go to school by bike at630 in the morning, （go 改為goes）2、Is there any books on the writing desk?（is 改為 are）3、 What surprised us most are that he had passed theCollege Entrance Examination （are 改為 was）4、Here is the answers to the questions, （is 改為 are）5、 White as well as her parents come from the US、 （come 后力口 s）6、 The girl whose father is a doctor come from