北師大版初二(上)英語第4講：unit2語法篇

1、Unit 2語法篇理解并掌握情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 can, must, 和 have to 的用法情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can, must 和 have to 都是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞本身有一定的詞義，但不能獨(dú)立作謂語，只能和動(dòng) 詞原形一起構(gòu)成謂語，表示說話人的語氣和態(tài)度。1. can 的用法can 沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化，其否定形式為 can not ，可縮寫為 cant 。 can 的過去式是 could ，用 于一般過去時(shí)的句子中。 Can 的主要用法：(1)表示許可，意為“可以” 。例如：You can do it tomorrow. 你可以明天做。You can t go now.現(xiàn)在你不能走。(2)表示請求(對方

2、)許可，意為“能，可以”，一般用于句型“ Can l/we?，肯定回答一般為“ Yes, you can. ”，否定回答一般為“ Sorry, you can ”t。. 例如：-Can we leave now? 我們現(xiàn)在可以走了嗎？-Yes, you can. 是的，可以。(3)表示能力，意為“能，會” ，具體指體力或腦力方面的能力。例如：l can play basketball. 我會打籃球。Can you sing well? 你唱歌唱得好嗎？2. must 和 have to 的用法must 和 have to 都表示“必須” ，其用法和區(qū)別如下：第2頁must必須表示主觀看法沒有人

3、稱、時(shí)態(tài)和數(shù)的變化只用于一般 現(xiàn)在時(shí)，可表 示現(xiàn)在或?qū)?來mustn 表示禁止”；一定不要have to必須；不得不表示客觀要求有人稱、時(shí)態(tài)、 數(shù)的變化可用于多種 時(shí)態(tài)，可表示 過去、現(xiàn)在或 將來don have to 表示“不必”例如:We must study hard.我們必須努力學(xué)習(xí)。I had to borrow some money from my elder sister.我不得不向姐姐借了一些錢。You mustn t tell her about it.你絕對不要告訴她這件事。3. need 的用法(1) need 作為情態(tài)動(dòng)詞時(shí)，后面必須跟動(dòng)詞原形。無人稱、數(shù)和時(shí)態(tài)的變化，

4、常用于否定句和 疑問句中。例如：You needn t go this week. 這周你不必去。由 need 引導(dǎo)的一般疑問句，肯定回答一般用must，否定回答一般用needn。例如：-Need I come?-Yes, you must./ No, you needn t.(2) need 作為實(shí)義動(dòng)詞，有人稱、數(shù)和時(shí)態(tài)的變化(在變?yōu)榉穸ň浜鸵蓡柧鋾r(shí)需借助于助動(dòng)詞)當(dāng)主語是人時(shí)，后可接名詞和 動(dòng)詞不定式，即：need sth./ need to do sth.，例如：He needs some help. 他需要一些幫助。It s cold outside. You need to wea

5、r more clothes.外面很冷，你需要多穿點(diǎn)衣服。need 后跟不定式且用于否定句中時(shí)，表示“不必”，指沒義務(wù)或沒必要做某事。例如：You don t need to do it at once.你不必馬上做那件事情。當(dāng)主語為物時(shí)，后接名詞或 v-ing。例如：The flowers need water.這些花需要水。The flowers need watering.這些花需要澆水。第3頁注意:1.以 must 開頭的一般疑問句，肯定回答用 must， 否定回答用 needn 或 don t have to 例如:-Must I go with them?我必須跟他們走嗎？-Yes

6、, you must.是的，你必須去。 /No, you needn t. / you don不，a 沒必要。2. have to 不能直接構(gòu)成否定句或疑問句，而是要借助于助動(dòng)詞。例如：You don t have to get up early.你不必早起。Does she have to wash the clothes now? 現(xiàn)在她必須洗衣服嗎？1. Childre n _sit in the front seat of a car. It2. I_ follow you. Would you please repeat it?3. We_pay to get into the co

7、n cert. It s free.4. -_you come with me to Lang Lang s pia no concert this evening?-Id love to, but I have to study for my math test.A. ShouldB. MayC. MustD. Can5. -Excuse me, may I keep the book a little Ion ger?-Sorry. You_retur n it today.A. mustB. must ntC. canD. cant6. -Look, some one left a bo

8、ok.-Oh, yeah This book_ be Kitty s. Only she likes to read this kind of books.A. canB. mustC. mayD. might7. -Do we have to finish our homework this after noon?s too dan gerous.A. needB. n eed ntC. mustD. must ntA. cantB. dontC. needntD. mustntA. cantB. must ntC. might not D. donthave to第4頁-Yes, you_

9、 .A. mustB. canC. mayD. n eed8. -Mr. Wang, can I finish my homework tomorrow?-Sorry, you_.A. can B. donC. neednD. won 解析：1. mustn 表t“禁止”。題意為“兒童禁止坐在汽車的前排座位，太危險(xiǎn)了”。故選 D。2. can 意為“不能”，題意為“我不能跟上你。你能重復(fù)一次嗎？ ”故選 A。3. don t have 表示“不必，不需要”，題意為“去音樂會不需要為我們付款，它是免費(fèi)的。 ”故選D。4. can 表示請求對方許可，意為“能，可以”。題意為“一今天晚上能和我一起去

10、朗朗的鋼琴音樂會嗎？一我想去，但是我得為數(shù)學(xué)考試做準(zhǔn)備?！惫蔬x D。5. must 表示“必須”。題意為“我能再多借幾天嗎？抱歉，你必須今天把書還回來”故選A。6. 由下句的“ Only she likes to read this kind of books ”，可知此處需用 must 表示肯定的推測，題意為“一看！有人落下一本書。一這本書一定是Kitty 的，只有她喜歡這類書?！惫蔬x B。7. have to 意為“必須，不得不”，故答語需要 must,題意為“一我們必須今天下午完成作業(yè)嗎？一 是的，你們必須完成?！惫蔬x A。8. can 表示“不能”，can 引導(dǎo)的一般疑問句，否定回答用

11、can ,t 意為“一王老師，我可以明天寫作業(yè)嗎？一對不起，你不能”，故選 A。答案：1-5 DADDA6-8 BAA基礎(chǔ)演練一、用 can, can t, must, mustn t, havei 空1. Mary_ play a musical in strume nt very well.2. You can play basketball in the classroom, you_ play it in the playground.第6頁3. -Where is my watch. I can t find it.-Don t worry. It _ be somewhere in

12、 your room.4. You_ clean the room right now; you can do it tomorrow.5. You_ tell anyone. It s a secret.6. I m not working tomorrow, so I _ get up early.7. Tom can t come out, he_ do his homework.8. You _smoke here.9. You_ drive fast near a school.10. That woman _be Li Lei s mother. I know her.二、單項(xiàng)選擇

13、. You can do your homework first.A. Must; mustnBt. Can; mustntC. Must; needn2. -Can I go to the park, Mum?B. must C. can t D. Have tonot park your car here. Its for our customers only.鞏固提高第 5 頁1. -I do the laundry first?-Certainly. But yoube back by six o clock.A. canB. mayC. mightD. must3. The manb

14、e my English teacher. I dont know him.A. needB. may C. willD. can5. -Yoube excited that you re going back to your hometown soon.-Yes, I cant wait any longer.A. shallB. canC. needD. must-No, yout D. May; needntA. might4. Hi, guy! You、根據(jù)中文提示完成句子1你可以用木材，但不可以用塑料。You_, but you_ use plastic.2你必須在老師和同學(xué)面前測試

15、它。You_test it_ your teacher and your classmates.3. 當(dāng)我們在圖書館時(shí)，不能大聲喧嘩。When we are in the library, we_shout.4. 我們不得不每天穿校服。We_ school un iforms every day.5你必須現(xiàn)在回家嗎？_you_ now?6你現(xiàn)在不必做作業(yè)，你可以明天做。You_ do your homework now, you_ do it tomorrow.7. 我們不可以那樣跟老師說話。We_our teacher like that.8. 你可以借我的書，但必須按時(shí)歸還。You_my

16、book, but you_ it_ .9. 你認(rèn)為學(xué)生可以在課堂上睡覺嗎？Do you thi nk students_?10. 你可以用木材、紙張，但一定不要用其他的東西。You_use_ and_, but you_ use_ .二、翻譯1.我哥哥花了兩周教我彈吉他。2.我們通常晚飯后散步。3. 孩子們一個(gè)接一個(gè)地下了公交車。4. 我認(rèn)為 Tony 不會講漢語。5. 準(zhǔn)時(shí)是很重要的。答案基礎(chǔ)演練一、 用 can, can t, must, mustn t, hav 填空1. can2. can3. must 4. Don t have to5. mustn t6. don t have

17、to7. has to8. can t 9. mustn t10. must二、 單項(xiàng)選擇1-5 CDCDD鞏固提高一、根據(jù)中文提示完成句子1. can use wood; cant2. must; in front of3. mustnt4. have to5. Must; go home6. donthave to; can7. mustntspeak to第 7 頁8. borrow; must; on time9. can sleep in class10. can; wood; paper; can t; other things二、翻譯1. It took my brother t

18、wo weeks to teach me to play the guitar.2. We usually take a walk after supper.3. The children got off the bus one by one.4. I don t think Tony can speak Chinese.5. It is important to be on time.一、單項(xiàng)選擇1. People_always be careful with fire, or it can be dangerous.2. It rained heavily, so we_ stay at

19、home watching TV.3. Reading everyday can make you_.A. became a superstar B. getting cleverC. to have funD. feel good4. -Listen! Someone is singing in the next room. Is it Jane?-No, it _be her. She is at school now.A. may not B. mustnt C. cantD. wont5._ nice the ice cream looks! I cant wait to taste

20、it.A. How aB. HowC. What aD. What6. Look! They are still working on _ the problem.A. solveB. solvedC. solvingD. to solve第 8 頁A. canB. needn t C. mustD. shouldntA. couldB. had toC. must D. have to7. The story of Yu Gong is_ . I m_ in it.A. in teresti ng; in terest ingB. in terest; in terest ingC. in

21、teresti ng; in terestedD. in terest; in terested8. They didn t go to bed_ they finished their homework.A. un tilB. afterC. whe nD. as soon as9. Accord ing to the new traffic law, every one in a car二、完形填空anyone to play with. Dont1!” says his mother, You will soon make friends here. ”O(jiān)ne morning, ther

22、e is a 2 at the door. Bob s mother, Mrs. Read, ope ns it. There sta nds a woma nwith brow n hair. It is Mrs. Miller. She comes to borrow some3. She wants to 4 cakes. Mrs.Read gives her two. In the after noon, there is ano ther knock at the door. Mrs. Read ope ns it and sees a boy5_ there. My name is

23、 Jack Miller, ” he says, My mother sends you this cake and the two eggs. ” Well,thank you, Jack. ” Says Mrs. Read, “6and meet my son Bob. ”Look! Bob and Jack are havi ng cake and milk. They are playi ng football. Now they are7! Jacksays, fm glad you live next door. ” Bob says, “must thank your mothe

24、r for coming to 8 eggs” Jack laughs andtells Bob, My mother doesn twant the two eggs, but she wants to make friends 9 your mother. ” Bob says, Thatsa funny way to make friends. It s a (n)10 way, too. It can work! ”O(jiān)nly if you re willing to make friends can you always find some ways.1. A. worryB. fri

25、ghte n2. A. shoutB. cry3. A. cakesB. desks4. A. cookB. paywear the seat belt.A. canB. mayC. mustD. will10. Our teacher often asks usquestions in groups.A. discussB. to discussC. discuss ingD. discussedThe Read family comes to a new big city, but Mrs. Readsson. Bob, is not happy. He doesn thave5. A.

26、lifti ngB. sitti ngC. exciteD. i nterestC. knockD. barkC. milkD. eggsC. askD.makeC. sta ndingD.lying第 9 頁第 12 頁6. A. Come inB. Go awayC. Get outD. Turn around7. A. classmatesB. enemiesC. friendsD. brothers8. A. lendB. borrowC. giveD. take9. A. intoB. toC. afterD. with10. A. easyB. difficultC. foolis

27、hD. bad答案一、單項(xiàng)選擇 1-5 CBDCB 6-10 CCACB、 完形填空 1-5 ACDDC 6-10 ACBDA、單項(xiàng)選擇4. Tom is a good boy and he writes（附：單選 1-5, 2019-2019 北京市東城區(qū)（南片）八年級上學(xué)期期末考試英語試卷 二、閱讀理解Studying in groups is becoming more and more popular in class. It has many advantages. For example, we can not onlysave time but also encourage ea

28、ch other when we study in groups.I still remember when I was in Grade 8, my physics was very poor. I had a really hard time with it. Once in class, the teachersasked us to discuss it with each other, but I was very shy, I could not do it like what they told me. My physics teacher encouraged1. There

29、iswrong with this computer. It doesnt work.A. somethingB. anythingC. everythingD. nothing2. -you help me mend the radio?-Yes, I can.A. MayB. MightC. MustD. Can3. -Which colour do you like, blue or green?-Blue.A. goodB. betterC. bestD. the bestA. carefulB. the most careful C. carefullyD. the most car

30、efully5. -Is Mike at home?-No. Hewith his brother.A. swimsB. was swimmingC. is swimmingD. swamin his class.第 13 頁me to face others and talk with someone else bravely. Then I studied with some classmates together. When I did not understandany questions, they could give me some advice, I could quickly

31、 find out the ways to deal with the problems. After that, I felt veryrelaxed and asked my classmates a lot of questions about physics. I did not feel stressed out at all. At last, I finished myhomework by myself for the first time. How excited I was!Because of studying in groups, I am not worried ab

32、out physics any more. With my classmatesget more confidence. It also gives me more chances to improve myself in many ways. So let s sin groups.1. _ was poor for the writer in Grade 8.A. English B. Physics C. Maths D. Geography2. Why could the author not do it like what they told her?A. Because she w

33、as very shy.B. Because she was afraid.C. Because she could not know how to do it.D. Because she could not know what to do3. The underlined word poor ”“in the passage means_.A. 窮的 B. 差的 C. 稀少的 D. 可憐的4. Which of the following is WRONG in this article?A. I felt relaxed after studying in groups.B. We ca

34、n save time and encourage each other when studying in groups.C. I was excited because I could finish my homework alone at last.D. I am still worrying about physics because of studying with my classmates.5. What is the best title of the article?A. To study in groups B. To do homework in groupsC. To s

35、tudy aloneD. To do homework alone第14頁BSummer Camps for Childre nZEM, Educatio n Lan guage Summer CampAges: 8-14You can come to this 2-week camp to lear n Spanish in a good environment. There you can take part in lots of activities, such ascamp ing, swim ming and mountain-bik ing with Spanish childre

36、 n.An glia Summer SchoolAges: 8-19Our summer school is something special. You can learn about stage work, such as acting, singing and dancing. As well asimproving these skills you will also be able to learn about teamwork.Scie nee CampAges: 4-14Our camp provides the cha nce for childre n to make dis

37、coveries. It is not only for fun but also educati on al.This camp has many activities in areas such as chemistry, n ature, and tech no logy. You can also do ple nty of exciting scienceexperiments here.A Rock Star CampAges: 8-16This camp is perfect for creat ing superstars. We are ready to discover a

38、nd train musical childre n who want to becomesuperstars.6. How many days does the Lan guage Summer Camp last?A. 7 daysB. 10 daysC. 14 daysD.15 days7. Which of the followi ng cannot you lear n in An glia Summer School?A. Acti ngB. SingingC. Dan ci ngD. Campi ng8. Peter is very interested in animals.

39、Which summer camp do you think he should take part in?A. A Rock Star CampB. An glia Summer School第15頁D. ZEM, Educati on Lan guage Summer Camp9. If you are fifteen years old this year, how many summer camps can you take part in?10. Where can you probably read this passage?A. In a book about childre n

40、B. On poster about summer activities for childre nC. In a magaz ine about superstarsD. On a website about schools for childre nWhen I was seve n years old, my family made me an ant farm. First, we put clea n sand in a thin glass box.Then we waited for the ants to arrive.After the ants were in the gl

41、ass farm, they started to make tunn els （ 隧道）.I was amazed that each oneknew exactly what to do. Each had its own job.On the fifth day a tragedy happe ned. I put my face so close to the glass farm that I kno cked it over.All the tunn els fell dow n. Although the ants rema ined alive after their eart

42、hquake, one by one they bega nto die. I was scared as I watched them give up buildi ng their tunn els to carry the bodies to a corner of the farm.My mother said that the ants were dying of sad ness. They simply could not sta nd that their tunn els weregone.Although much time has passed, I still think of that ant farm. Mom had hoped it would teach me about the natural world, but it taught me much more.Over the years, I came to realize the importa nee of teamwork .Work ing together, the an