七年級(jí)英語(yǔ)上冊(cè)U1-U5知識(shí)總結(jié)(牛津廣州版)

1、Unit1-Unit5知識(shí)總結(jié)Unit1 Making Friendsl “would like to do”表示“想做” = want to do E.g. I would like/want to play basketball.我想打籃球。Playing chess是動(dòng)詞-ing短語(yǔ)，用在is后面作表語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞-ing短語(yǔ)還可以作主語(yǔ)enjoy + doing形式l finish, keep, practise等+doing sth.work as從事工作E.g. He worked as a bus driver when he was 20. He is keen on running.

2、l be in glasses = be wearing glasses 意思是“戴著眼鏡”=I am wearing glasses舞者dance + r 演員act + or 招待員wait + er 工程師engine + erl 表示“參加某一組織”，“代表某一隊(duì)伍”時(shí)，常用介詞onl one of + superlative（最高級(jí)）+ n.(plural)（名詞復(fù)數(shù)），表示中最（怎么樣）的之一E.g. Beijing is one of the biggest cities in China.l 不定冠詞a & anl 當(dāng)?shù)谝淮翁峒澳橙嘶蚰澄飼r(shí)，在名詞前使用a或anl 當(dāng)以

3、輔音音素開(kāi)頭的單詞時(shí)，前面用aE.g. a house, a useful bookl 當(dāng)以元音因素開(kāi)頭的單詞時(shí)，前面用anE.g. an apple, an hourl 定冠詞thel 當(dāng)我們?cè)诖翁峒暗侥橙嘶蚰澄飼r(shí)，在名詞前用thel 在表示獨(dú)一無(wú)二的事時(shí)要用thel 國(guó)家名和地名前面不用the，例外：the UK, the USAl play the guitar, play volleyball 樂(lè)器前加the，球類(lèi)前不加thel 序數(shù)詞前加the，三餐前不加the，指一家人前加thel many + C.修飾可數(shù)名詞much + U. 修飾不可數(shù)名詞l at the beginning

4、 of在的開(kāi)始at the end of在的末尾in the middle在中間l why not + do sth. = why dont you do sth.Unit2 Our Daily Lifel 單數(shù)概念：onethe other兩者中的一個(gè)，另一個(gè) E.g. I have two brothers. One is a doctor, and the other is a teacher.l 單數(shù)概念：oneanother三者或三者中的一個(gè)，另一個(gè)l 復(fù)數(shù)概念：someother + n.(pl.)一些，另一些（無(wú)明確范圍）E.g. Some students come from

5、Yuexiu, some are from Baiyun and others are from Panyu.l 復(fù)數(shù)概念：somethe other + n.(pl.)一些，另一些（有明確范圍）E.g. There are nine apples on the table. Some are red, the others are green.l 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)l 頻率副詞通常位于：be動(dòng)詞，助動(dòng)詞，情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的后面，行為動(dòng)詞的前面。sometimes還可以位于句首。l 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或經(jīng)常存在的狀態(tài)、日常行為習(xí)慣或客觀事實(shí)等。l 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是be動(dòng)詞的變化：否定句：主語(yǔ) + be +

6、 not +其它一般疑問(wèn)句：be +主語(yǔ)+其它特殊疑問(wèn)句：疑問(wèn)詞+一般疑問(wèn)句？l 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是行為動(dòng)詞的變化：主語(yǔ)+行為動(dòng)詞原型（+其它）當(dāng)主語(yǔ)為第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)(he, she, it)時(shí)，要在行為動(dòng)詞后加“-s”或“-es”否定句：主語(yǔ)+dont(doesnt)+動(dòng)詞原型（+其它）一般疑問(wèn)句：Do(Does)+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形+其它特殊疑問(wèn)句：特殊疑問(wèn)詞+一般疑問(wèn)句？l 動(dòng)詞第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)形式的構(gòu)成：1. 一般的動(dòng)詞后面直接加-s，如：walkwalks2. 以-s, -x, -sh或-ch結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞后加-es，如：discussdiscusses3. 以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，變y為i再加-es，

7、如：studystudies4. 特殊變化，如：dodoesl with+身體特征，經(jīng)常用來(lái)描述一個(gè)人的動(dòng)作、體態(tài)特征、外貌或身上的裝飾品E.g. the girl with big eyes, the boy with his hands on his headl be in+顏色+衣服表示穿著什么顏色的衣服E.g. be in the blue T-shirt, be in the white shirtUnit3 Troubles-ed修飾人，-ing修飾物l interesting、exciting通常用來(lái)描述事物interested、excited通常描述人l keep意為“保持”，

8、連系動(dòng)詞。后跟形容詞構(gòu)成系表結(jié)構(gòu)。表示“保持某種狀態(tài)”。類(lèi)似用法的連系動(dòng)詞還有feel, become等E.g. feel hot, become more beautifull 一般過(guò)去時(shí)l 表示過(guò)去某一時(shí)間所發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)，一般與表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。l 規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式變化方式：1. 一般的動(dòng)詞后面加-ed2. 以-e結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞后面加-d3. 以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞變y為i，再加-ed4. 以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾，末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母的動(dòng)詞，先雙寫(xiě)這個(gè)輔音字母，再加-edl bewas/werebringbroughtbuyboughtcancouldcomecamedodiddr

9、ivedrovefallfellgetgotgivegavegowenthearheardknowknewmeetmetleaveleftputputrideroderunransaysaidseesaw speakspoke standstoodstealstoletaketookteachtaughtwearworel -ed發(fā)音規(guī)則：清輔音后發(fā)/t/，濁輔音、元音后發(fā)/d/， t、d后發(fā)/id/E.g. askedturnedarguedstartedendedfew修飾可數(shù)，less修飾不可數(shù)l fewer and fewer friends朋友越來(lái)越少less and less mo

10、ney錢(qián)越來(lái)越少Unit4 Hobbiesl all的部分否定和全否定：肯定句：All the stars are the same. 所有的星星都是一樣的。部分否定：Not all the stars are the same. = All stars are not the same.全否定句：None of the stars are the same. (none /nn/ 所有都不)l Its + adj. + to do sth. 做什么事情是怎樣的。It是形式主語(yǔ)，真正的主語(yǔ)是to do sth.E.g. Its important to learn English well.

11、= To learn English well is important. = Learning English well is important.l as well as連接兩個(gè)并列主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用“就遠(yuǎn)原則”，也就是跟最前邊的主語(yǔ)保持一致。E.g. The teacher as well as the students wants to see the film.l when從句可放在主句前或后，當(dāng)位于主句之前時(shí)，句中要用逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)。l when時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句中，主句與從句的時(shí)態(tài)要一致。l 區(qū)別except/besides和except for：except：指“（不包括本身在內(nèi)的）除之外

12、”，“-”E.g. He gets up early every day except Sunday.besides：指“（包括本身在內(nèi)的）除之外”，“+”E.g. Five others were late besides me.except for：指前后比較范圍是不同類(lèi)型的E.g. Except for one old man, the bus was empty.Unit5 Encyclopaediasl 當(dāng)neithernor連接兩個(gè)主語(yǔ)時(shí)，主謂一致采用“就近原則”，即跟后邊的那個(gè)主語(yǔ)保持人稱(chēng)和數(shù)的一致。E.g. Neither you nor she is wrong. Neith

13、er she nor you are wrong.l a number of“許多的；大量的”，=many，修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。E.g. A number of students are playing on the playground. l Countable & Uncountable Noun可數(shù)與不可數(shù)名詞：?jiǎn)螖?shù)復(fù)數(shù)近this這個(gè)these這些遠(yuǎn)that那個(gè)those那些l 修飾可數(shù)名詞：不定冠詞(a, an)，數(shù)詞many, (a)few, several, a number of修飾不可數(shù)名詞：much, (a)little, a great deal of共同的：some, all, a lot of, lots ofl 可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)的構(gòu)成方法：1. 一般在名詞后加-s：dogdogs2. 以s, x, sh, ch結(jié)尾的名詞加-es：watchwatches3. 以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的名詞改y為i再加es：countrycountries4. 以o結(jié)尾的名詞，加-s或-es：potatopotatoes, tomatotomatoes5. 以f, fe結(jié)尾的名詞，改f, fe為v加-es：knifeknives6. 需要記憶的特殊復(fù)數(shù)形