英語高考試題—北京卷解析

1、2011年普通高等學(xué)校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試英語（北京卷）第一部分：聽力理解（略）第二部分：知識運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，45分）第一節(jié) 單項(xiàng)填空（共15小題；每小題1分，共15分）從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。例：Its so nice to hear from her again. ,we last met more than thirty years ago.A. Whats more B. Thats to sayC. In other words D. Believe it or not21. Experience of this kind

2、 in both the U.S. and Europe well before the Second World War.A. have conducted B. have been conductedC. had conducted D. had been conducted22. Barbara Jones offers to her fans is honesty and hapiness.A. Which B. What C. That D. Whom【答案】B【解析】考察名詞性從句中的主語從句。主語從句中缺少offer的賓語，選擇what。23.Tom in the library

3、 every night over the last three months.A. works B. worked C. have been working D. had been working【答案】C【解析】考查考察時(shí)態(tài)，題干中出現(xiàn)的over the last three months，用于現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)或現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。24.I dont really like Janes. Why did you invite him?Dont worry. He come. He said he wast certain what his plans were.A. must not B. need

4、 not C. would not D. might not【答案】D【解析】考察情態(tài)動詞，題干中的he wasnt certain說明他可能不來，可能來，因此使用不完全否定，might not。25. Its important for the figures regularly.A. to be updated B. to have been updated C. to update D. to have uodated【答案】A【解析】考察固定搭配和語態(tài)。Its important for to do/be done是固定用法，數(shù)字the figures被更新。選A。26. Mary w

5、as much kinder to Jack than she was to the others, , of course, made all the others upset.A. who B. which C. what D. that【答案】B【解析】考查非限定性定語從句。逗號后的非限定性定語從句中缺少主語，選擇which。27. That must have been a long trip.Yeah, it us a whole week to get there.A. takes B. has taken C. took D. was taking【答案】C【解析】考查時(shí)態(tài)，題干

6、中musthavedone是對過去的肯定推測，因此提示時(shí)間在過去，選擇一般過去時(shí)。28. Where are the children? The dinners going to be complerely ruined.I wish they always late.A. werent B. hadnt been C. wouldnt be D. wouldnt have been【答案】A【解析】考查虛擬，題干中出現(xiàn)always，從句虛擬使用一般過去時(shí)29. volleyball is her main focus, shes also great at basketball.A. Sin

7、ce B. Once C. Unless D. While【答案】D【解析】句意為：雖然排球是她的主要項(xiàng)目，但她還擅長籃球。while“雖然，盡管”。Since“自從”once“一旦”unless“除非”均不合題意。30. Maybe if I sicence, and not literature then, I would be able to give you more help.A. studied B. would study C. had studied D. was studying【答案】C【解析】考察虛擬語氣，if引導(dǎo)的從句是對過去的虛擬，因此使用過去完成時(shí)。31. The

8、shocking news made me realize terrible problems we would face.A. what B. how C. that D. why【答案】B【解析】考查名詞性從句中的賓語從句，賓語從句中缺少修飾terrible的程度副詞，選擇how，譯為“多么”32. Bob has gone to Califonia.Oh, can you tell me when he ?A. has left B. left C. is leaving D. would leave34.The employment rate has continued to rise

9、 in big cities thanks to the efforts of the local govenments to increase .A. then B. those C. it D. that【答案】C【解析】考察代詞。it用來指代前面提到的具體的事情。35. With new technology, pictures of underwater valleys can be taken color.A. by B. for C. with D. in【答案】D【解析】考察介詞的用法。In color變色，固定搭配。第二節(jié) 完形填空（共20小題；每小題1.5分，共30分）閱讀下

10、面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。I used to hate being called upon in class mainly because I didnt like attention drawn to myself. And 36 otherwise assignen（指定）a seat by the teacher, I always 37 to sit at the back of the classroom.All this 38 after I joined a sports team. It began when

11、 a teacher suggested I try out for the basketball team. At first I thought it was a crazy 39 because I didnt have a good sense of balance, nor did I have the 40 to keep pace with the others on the team and they would tease me. But for the teacher who kept insisting on my “ 41 for it”, I wouldnt have

12、 decided to give a try.Getting up the courage to go to the tryouts was only the 42 of it! When I first started 43 the practice sessions, I didnt even know the rules of the game, much 44 what I was doing. Sometimes Id get 45 and take a shot at the wrong directionwhich made me feel really stupid. 46 ,

13、 I wasnt the only one “new” at the game, so I decided to 47 on learning the game, do my best at each practice session, and not be too hard on myself for the things I didnt 48 “just yet”.I practiced and practiced. Soon I knew the 49 and the “moves”. Being part of a team was fun and motivating. Very s

14、oon the competitive 50 in me was winning over my lack of confidence. With time, I learned how to play and made friends in the 51 friends who respect my efforts to work hard and be a team player. I never had so much fun!With my 52 self-confidence comes more praise from teachers and classmates. I have

15、 gone from “53” in the back of the classroom and not wanting to call attention to myself, 54 raising my hand even when I sometimes wasnt and not 100 percent 55 I had the right answer. Now I have more self-confidence in myself.36. A. as B. until C. unless D. though37. A. hoped B. agreed C. meant D. c

16、hose38. A. continued B. changed C. settled D. started39. A. idea B. plan C.belief D. saying40. A. right B. chance C. ability D.patience41. A. going B. looking C. cheering D. applying42. A. point B. half C. rest D. basis43. A. enjoying B. preparing C. attending D. watching44. A. less B. later C. wors

17、e D. further45. A.committed B. motivated C. embarrassed D. confused46. A. Interetingly B. Fortunately C. Obviously D. hopefully47. A. focus B. act C. rely D. try48. A. want B. do C. support D. know49. A. steps B.orders C. rules D. games50. A. roles B. part C. mind D. value51. A.process B. operation

18、C. movement D. situation52. A. expressed B. improved C. preserved D. recognized53. A.dreaming B. playing C. relaxing D. hiding54. A. by B. for C. with D. to55. A. lucky B. happy C. sure D. satisfied38.【答案】B【解析】考查動詞，根據(jù)文章敘述，在參加了運(yùn)動隊(duì)后我之前的狀況顯然是改變了。選擇B。39.【答案】A【解析】考查名詞，老師建議我參加籃球隊(duì)這顯然是一個(gè)想法，而我認(rèn)為這很瘋狂。40.【答案】C

19、【解析】考查名詞，與其他人保持同步這是我的一種“能力”的體現(xiàn)，這與“權(quán)利”、“機(jī)會”或者“耐心”沒有任何關(guān)聯(lián)。【解析】考查動詞，根據(jù)動作的先后順序，我顯示鼓起勇氣參加了選拔賽，而后文又說我不懂規(guī)則，那么昭示著我此時(shí)正在訓(xùn)練賽中，選擇C，參加比賽46.【答案】B【解析】考查副詞，修飾后一句“我不是唯一的新人”，選擇B。47.【答案】A【解析】考查動詞，該動詞與介詞on構(gòu)成詞組修飾后句“學(xué)習(xí)打球”。48.【答案】D【解析】考查動詞，修飾后句“just yet”（恰好現(xiàn)在），那么我不滿現(xiàn)狀而加倍努力訓(xùn)練，現(xiàn)在又說恰好現(xiàn)在的狀態(tài)我不對自己太過苛責(zé)，那么首先可排除“支持”，無關(guān)選項(xiàng)；而因?yàn)槲以诎l(fā)奮努力訓(xùn)

20、練，現(xiàn)在“想要”或者“支持”的東西自然是要嚴(yán)格要求的，那么排除A、B，最終選擇D，不對自己恰在此時(shí)知道的東西過多苛責(zé)。51.【答案】A【解析】考查名詞，破折號的作用是解釋說明，那么知道尊重我的努力的朋友一定是看到我的成長的朋友，也即我在這個(gè)過程中認(rèn)識的朋友，于是選擇A。都會去舉手，這表示一種將要做的動作，于是選擇D。55.【答案】C【解析】考查形容詞，even的出現(xiàn)提示讓步關(guān)系可以知道，我舉手甚至再不百分百確定答案的時(shí)候，于是選擇C。第三部分：閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2分，共30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)

21、涂黑。A“I Went Skydiving at 84!”As a young girl growing up in the 1930s, I always wanted to fly a plane, but back then it was almost unheard of a woman to do that. I got a taste of that dream in 2011,when my husband arranged for me me ride in a hot air balloon for my birthday. But the experience turned

22、 out to be very dull. Around that time ,I told my husband that I wanted to skydive. So when our retirement community（社區(qū)）announced that they were having an essay competition and the topic was an experience of a lifetime that you wanted to have, I decided to write about my dream.In the essay, I wrote

23、about my desire to skydive, stating George Brush Sr. did it at age 80. Why not me? I was just 84 and in pretty good health. A year went by and I heard nothing. But then at a community party in late April 2009, they announced that I was one of the winners. I just couldnt believe it. One june 11, 2009

24、, nearly 40 of my family and friends gathered in the area close to where I would land while I headed up in the airplane. My instructor, Jay, guided me through the experience. The plane was the noisiest one I had ever been in, but I wasnt frightenedI was really just looking forward to the experience.

25、 When we reachen 13,000 feet, Jay instructed me to throw myself out of the plane. When we first hit the air, the wind was so strong that I could hardly breathe. For a second I thought, “What have I gotten myself into?” But then everything got calmer. We were in a free fall for about a minute before

26、Jay opened the parachute（降落傘）, then we just floated downward fo zhout five minutes. Being up in the clouds and looking at the view below was unlike anything I have ever feltmuch better than the hot air ballon. I was just enjoying it.Skydiving was really one of the greatest experiences of my life. I

27、hope other people will look at me and realize that you dont stop living just because you are 84 years old. If theres something you want to experience, look into it. If its something that is possible, make it happen.56. What happened to the auther in 2001?A. She flew an airplaneB. She entered a compe

28、titionC. She went on a hot air balloon rideD. She moved into a retirement community57. The author mentioned George Bush Sr. in her essay to .A. build up her own reputationB. show her admiration for himC. compare their health conditonD. make her argument persuasive58. How did the authou feel immediat

29、ely after she jumped out of the plane?A. Excited B. Scared C. Nervous D. Regretful59. What did the author enjoy most when she was skydiving?A.The beautiful clouds B. The wonderful viewC. The company of Jay D. The one-minute free fall57.答案D。推理判斷題。由In the essay, I wrote about my desire to skydive, sta

30、ting George Brush Sr. did it 59.答案C。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章Being up in the clouds and looking at the view below was unlike anything I have ever feltmuch better than the hot air ballon. I was just enjoying it.可以得出答案。BSubmission GuidelinesBefore sending us a manuscript（稿件）, look through recent issues（刊物）of the Post

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37、，a contributor must_.A. provide his special qualification B. be a regular reader of the postC. produce printed version D. be over 45 year old 62.from the passage we can learn that the post A. allows article submission within six weeksB. favor science articles within 2，000 wordsC. have a huge demand

38、for humorous worksD. prefers nonfiction to fiction article 【文章大意】說明文。介紹編輯記者們提交任務(wù)的準(zhǔn)則和規(guī)范。CStudents and Technology in the ClassroomI love my blackberryits my little connection to the larger world that can go anywhere with me . I also love my laptop computer ，as it holds all of my writing and thought .D

39、espite this love of technology ,I know that there are times when I need to move away from these device and truly communication with others.On occasion ,I teach a course called History Matters for a group of higher education managers. My goals for the class include a full discussion of historical the

40、mes and ideas .Because I want students to thoroughly study the material and exchange their ideas with each other in the classroom ,I have a rule no laptop ,ipads ,phones ,etc .When students were told my rule in advance of the class, some of them were not happy .Most students assume that year reasons

41、 for this rule include unpleasant experiences in the past with students misusing technology . Theres a bit of truth to that.Some students assume that I am anti-technology . Theres no truth in that at all . I love technology and try to keep up with it so I relate to my students.The real reason why I

42、ask students to leave technology at the door is that I think there are very few places in which we can have deep conversions and truly engage complex ideas. Interruptions by technology often break concentration and allow for too much dependence on outside information for ideas . I want students to t

43、hink differently and make connections between the course the material and the class discussion .Ive been teaching my history class in this way for many years and the educations reflect student satisfaction with the environment that I create .Students realize that with deep conversation and challenge

44、 , they learn at a level that helps them keep the course material beyond the classroom .Im not saying that I wont ever change my mind about technology use in my history class, but until I hear a really good reason for the change ,Im sticking to my plan. a few hours of technology-free dialogue is jus

45、t too give up.63.some of the students in the history class were unhappy with_A. the course material B. others misuse of technology C. discussion topics D. the authors class regulator 64.the underlined word “engage ”in para.4 probably means _A. explore B. accept C. change D. reject 65.according to th

46、e author ,the use of technology in the classroom may _A. keep students from doing independent thinking B. encourage students to have in-depth conversationsC. help students to better understand complex themes D. affect students concentration on course evaluation66.it can be inferred from the last par

47、agraph that the author _A. is quite stubborn B. will give up teaching history C. will change his teaching plan soon D. values technology-free dialogues in his class 【文章大意】議論文，文章論述的主題是，"students and technology"，文章以教師的口吻談到為何不允許學(xué)生在課堂上玩ipad、手機(jī)等通訊工具，因?yàn)閠echnology會影響我們的深入交流。63.答案D。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第二段內(nèi)容可

48、以得出。持她的values technology-free dialogues in his class的觀點(diǎn)。DAs the railroads and the highways shaped the American West in the past centuries, a new electhical generating（發(fā)電）and transmission（輸送）systen for the 21th century will leave a lasting mark on the West, for better or worse. Much of the real signi

49、ficance of railroads and highways is not in their direct physical effect on the scenery, but in the ways that they affect the suurouding community. The same is true of big solar ppants and the power lines that will be laid dowm to move electricity around.The 19th century saw land grants（政府撥地）offered

50、 to railroad companies to build the transcontinental railroads ,leaving public land in between privately owned land . In much of the west ,some of the railroad sections were developed while others remained undeveloped ,and in both cases the landownership has presented unique challenges to land manag

51、ement ,with the completion or the interstate highway system ,many of the small towns which sprang up as railway stops and developed well ,have lost their lifeblood and died .Big solar plants and their power lines will also have effects far beyond their direct footprint in the west .this is not an ar

52、gument against building then ,we need alternative energy badly .and to really take advantage of it we need to be able to move electricity around far more readily than we can now .So trade-offs will have to be made .some scenic sport will be sacrificed .some species (物種)will be forced to move ,or wil

53、l be carefully moved to special accommodations ,deals will be struck to reduce the immediate effects .The lasting effects of these trade-offs are another matter .the 21st century development of the American west as an ideal place for alternative energy is going to throw off a lot of power and money

54、to do a lot of good .but it is just as likely that they will be spent wastefully and will leave new problems behind ,just like the railroad and the highway .The money set aside in negotiated trade offs and the institution that control will shape the west far beyond the immediate footprint of power p

55、lants and transmission lines .so lets remember the effects of the railroad and the highways as we construct these new power plants in the west .67.what was the problem caused by the construction of the railways ?A. small towns along the railways became abandoned .B. some railroad stops remained .C. land in the west was hard to manage .D. land grants went into private h