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1、愛(ài)校園() 課后答案網(wǎng)() 淘答案()旨在為廣大學(xué)生朋友的自主學(xué)習(xí)提供一個(gè)分享和交流的平臺(tái)。Khdaw團(tuán)隊(duì)一直秉承用心為大家服務(wù)的宗旨,以關(guān)注學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)生活為出發(fā)點(diǎn),最全最多的課后習(xí)題參考答案,盡在課后答案網(wǎng)()!大學(xué)答案 - 中學(xué)答案 - 考研答案 - 考試答案課后答案網(wǎng),用心為你服務(wù)!電位器放大器電動(dòng)機(jī)減速器閥門(mén)水箱浮子 杠桿_電位器放大器電動(dòng)機(jī)絞盤(pán)位置大門(mén)_11-5 解:系統(tǒng)的輸出量:電爐爐溫 給定輸入量:加熱器電壓 被控對(duì)象:電爐倉(cāng)庫(kù)大門(mén)自動(dòng)控制開(kāi)(閉)的職能方框圖門(mén)實(shí)際開(kāi)(閉)門(mén) 的位置工作原理:系統(tǒng)的被控對(duì)象為大門(mén)。被控量為大門(mén)的實(shí)際位置。輸入量為希望的大門(mén)位置。當(dāng)合上開(kāi)門(mén)開(kāi)關(guān)時(shí),
2、橋式電位器測(cè)量電路產(chǎn)生偏差電壓,經(jīng)放大器放大后,驅(qū)動(dòng)電動(dòng)機(jī)帶動(dòng)絞盤(pán)轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng), 使大門(mén)向上提起。同時(shí),與大門(mén)連在一起的電位器電刷上移,直到橋式電位器達(dá)到平衡,電動(dòng)機(jī)停轉(zhuǎn),開(kāi) 門(mén)開(kāi)關(guān)自動(dòng)斷開(kāi)。反之,當(dāng)合上關(guān)門(mén)開(kāi)關(guān)時(shí),電動(dòng)機(jī)帶動(dòng)絞盤(pán)反轉(zhuǎn),使大門(mén)關(guān)閉。受控量:門(mén)的位置測(cè)量比較元件:電位計(jì)1-4 解:受控對(duì)象:門(mén)。 執(zhí)行元件:電動(dòng)機(jī),絞盤(pán)。 放大元件:放大器。水位自動(dòng)控制系統(tǒng)的職能方框圖h chr出水 電動(dòng)機(jī)通過(guò)減速器使閥門(mén)的開(kāi)度減?。ɑ蛟龃螅?,以使水箱水位達(dá)到希望值 hr 。當(dāng) hc = hr 時(shí),電位器電刷位于中點(diǎn)位置,電動(dòng)機(jī)不工作。一但 hc hr 時(shí),浮子位置相應(yīng)升高(或降低),通過(guò)杠桿作用使電位器
3、電刷從中點(diǎn)位置下移(或上移),從而給電動(dòng)機(jī)提供一定的工作電壓,驅(qū)動(dòng)電壓 ur 相對(duì)應(yīng),此時(shí)電位器電刷位于中點(diǎn)位置)。rc(與電位器設(shè)定工作原理:系統(tǒng)的被控對(duì)象為水箱。被控量為水箱的實(shí)際水位 h 。給定值為希望水位 h測(cè)量元件:浮子,杠桿。放大元件:放大器。執(zhí)行元件:通過(guò)電機(jī)控制進(jìn)水閥門(mén)開(kāi)度,控制進(jìn)水流量。比較計(jì)算元件:電位器。c被控量:水箱的實(shí)際水位 h受控對(duì)象:水箱液面。1-1(略)1-2(略)1-3 解:習(xí)題第一章自動(dòng)控制原理(非自動(dòng)化類)習(xí)題答案電位器電壓 放 大功 率 放 大電機(jī) 加熱器電爐熱 電偶K1K21s 2 + s1TsK3K21Ts1s2 + sK1K3-21 3Ts3 +
4、(T + 1)s2 + s + K K,C (s) / R(s) =K1K3X5(s)X4(s)X3(s)X2(s)R(s)C(s)_N1(s)+X1(s)N2(s)將方塊圖連接起來(lái),得出系統(tǒng)的動(dòng)態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)圖:X5(s)-X4(s)C(s)X5(s)X4(s)X3(s)N2(s)X5(s)C(s)-X2(s)X1(s)X3(s)X2(s)X1(s)+R(s) 3 5繪制上式各子方程的方塊圖如下圖所示:N1(s)K X (s) = s2C (s) + sC (s) X 5 (s) = X 4 (s) K2 N2 (s)TsX 4 (s) = X 3 (s) X 2 (s) = K1 X1 (s) X
5、 3 (s) = X 2 (s) X 5 (s)2-1 解:對(duì)微分方程做拉氏變換: X1 (s) = R(s) C (s) + N1 (s)習(xí)題第二章?tīng)t溫給定 爐溫放大元件:電壓放大器,功率放大器,減速器比較元件:電位計(jì) 測(cè)量元件:熱電偶 職能方框圖:1s + 1Ks1Ts + 1sTTs+1s1s + 11Ts + 1K-31 31 42 32 4(b)R(s)1 + G G G G + G G G G(a)=R(s)ms2 + fs + KG1 + G2C (s) =1C(s)2-3 解:(過(guò)程略)0N (s) =C (s)(s + 1)(Ts + 1)1 +Ts2 + (T + 1)s
6、+ (K + 1)kR(s)C (s)= (s + 1)(Ts + 1)(s + 1)(Ts + 1) =K + ô s+Kô sX4(s)X3(s)X1(s)R(s) C(s)X5(s)X2(s)N(s)將方塊圖連接得出系統(tǒng)的動(dòng)態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)圖:C(s)X4(s)X4(s)X3(s)X5(s)N(s)N(s)X5(s)C(s)-X3(s)X1(s)X2(s)R(s)X1(s)R(s)X2(s) X 5 (s) = (Ts + 1) N (s)繪制上式各子方程的方塊如下圖:C (s) = X (s) N (s)4(Ts + 1) X 4 (s) = X 3 (s) + X 5 (s
7、) X 2 (s) = ô sR(s)(s + 1) X 3 (s) = X1 (s) + X 2 (s)2-2 解:對(duì)微分方程做拉氏變換 X1 (s) = KR(s) C (s)1 3Ts3 + (T + 1)s2 + s + K K2C (s) / N (s) = K2 K3TsC (s) / N1 (s) = C (s) / R(s) ,三個(gè)回路均接觸,可得 Ä = 1 La = 1 + G1G2 + 2G14 La = L1 + L2 + L3 = G1G2 G1 G1a =13(b)(1)系統(tǒng)的反饋回路有三個(gè),所以有R1 + G1G2G5 + G2G3G4 G4G
8、2G5G1G2G3 + 1C =三個(gè)回路兩兩接觸,可得 Ä = 1 La = 1 + G1G2G5 + G2G3G4 G4G2G5(2)有兩條前向通道,且與兩條回路均有接觸,所以P1 = G1G2G3 , Ä1 = 1P2 = 1, Ä2 = 1(3)閉環(huán)傳遞函數(shù) C/R 為 La = L1 + L2 + L3 = G1G2G5 G2G3G4 + G4G2G5a =132-5 解:(a)(1)系統(tǒng)的反饋回路有三個(gè),所以有K1K2nG (s) =Kn s1 2 3Ts2 + s + K K K(2)要消除干擾對(duì)系統(tǒng)的影響C (s) / N (s) = K n K3
9、s K1K2 K3Gn = 0Ts + 1s11 2 3K231 +sTs2 + s + K K KKKnn 1C (s) / N (s) = (K G KK3K2 ) Ts + 1 = K n K3 s K1K2 K3Gn求 C/N,令 R=0,向后移動(dòng)單位反饋的比較點(diǎn)1 2 31 + G(s)Ts2 + s + K K K=C (s) / R(s) =G(s)K1K2 K3s(Ts + 1)2-4 解 :(1)求 C/R,令 N=0G(s) = K1K2 K3R(s)1 + G1G2 + G2G3 + G3G4 + G1G2G3G4(e)G1G2G3G4C (s) =R(s)1 G2G3R
10、(s)1 + G1 + G2G1(d)(c)C(s) = G1 G2C(s) = G2 + G1G25nù1 î 2= 0.1t p =ð13-2 解:系統(tǒng)為欠阻尼二階系統(tǒng)(書(shū)上改為“單位負(fù)反饋”,“已知系統(tǒng)開(kāi)環(huán)傳遞函數(shù)”)ó % = eðî / 1î ×100% = 1.3 1 ×100%2H1 + 10K= 10HK= 0.9H 1 + 10K0= 10 K= 1010K0要使過(guò)渡時(shí)間減小到原來(lái)的 0.1 倍,要保證總的放大系數(shù)不變,則:(原放大系數(shù)為 10,時(shí)間常數(shù)為 0.2)1 + 10KHHs
11、+ 10.2R(s)0 1 + G(s)K=1 + 10K HG(s)ö (s) = C (s) = K10K0采用 K0 , K H 負(fù)反饋方法的閉環(huán)傳遞函數(shù)為0.2s + 1)3-1 解:(原書(shū)改為 G(s) =10習(xí)題第三章N3 (s)N3 (s)N2 (s)N2 (s)1 + G1G2G3 + G2= 1=E(s) = C (s)(1 + G2 )G3E (s) = C (s)N1 (s)N1 (s)1 + G1G2G3 + G2R(s)1 + G1G2G3 + G2E(s) = C (s) = G2G3 G1G2G3E(s) = 1 + G2 G2G3N3 (s)1 + G
12、1G2G3 + G2N2 (s)1 + G1G2G3 + G2=C (s)C (s) = 1× (1 + G1G2G3 + G2 ) = 1(1 + G2 )G3N1 (s)R(s)1 + G1G2G3 + G2= C (s) / R(s)C (s)C (s) = G1G2G3 + G2G32-6 解:用梅遜公式求,有兩個(gè)回路,且接觸,可得 Ä = 1 La = 1 + G1G2G3 + G2 ,可得1 + G1G2 + 2G11 + G1G2 + 2G1RG1G2 + G2C = G1G2 + G1 + G2 G1 =(2)有四條前向通道,且與三條回路均有接觸,所以P1
13、= G1G2 , Ä1 = 1P2 = G1 , Ä2 = 1P3 = G2 , Ä3 = 1P4 = G1 , Ä4 = 1(3)閉環(huán)傳遞函數(shù) C/R 為6nc. î = 0.1,ù = 1s1 時(shí),nîùs= 3.5st =3.52ó % = eðî / 1î ×100% = 72.8%nb. î = 0.1,ù = 10s1 時(shí),nîùs= 7st =3.52ó % = eðî / 1
14、38; ×100% = 72.8%na. î = 0.1,ù = 5s1 時(shí),n2îùn = 10解得:ùn = 14.14, î = 0.354, ó %=30%, t p = 0.238結(jié)論,K 增大,超調(diào)增加,峰值時(shí)間減小。3-4 解:(1)ù 2 = 200s2 + 10sG(s) =200(2) K = 20s1 時(shí):n2îùn = 10解得:ùn = 10, î = 0.5, ó % = 16.3%, t p = 0.363ù 2 =
15、 100s2 + 10sG(s) =1003-3 解:(1) K = 10s1 時(shí):s(s + 24.1)s(0.041s + 1)=G(s) =47.11136所以,開(kāi)環(huán)傳遞函數(shù)為:ùn = 33.71î = 0.358解得:7系統(tǒng)不穩(wěn)定。(b)用古爾維茨判據(jù)5210203104.73.25532s4 s3 s2 s1s0系統(tǒng)穩(wěn)定。(2)(a)用勞思判據(jù)= 8000D3 =001001009202010= 80D1 = 20, D2 =1009201系統(tǒng)穩(wěn)定。(b)用古爾維茨判據(jù)910001204100s3 s2 s1s0則ó % 減小, ts 減小3-5 解:
16、(1)(a)用勞思判據(jù)(3) 討論系統(tǒng)參數(shù):î 不變,ó % 不變;î 不變,ùn 增加,則 ts 減??;ùn 不變,î 增加,nîùs= 1.4st =3.52ó % = eðî / 1î ×100% = 16.3%n(2)î = 0.5,ù = 5s1 時(shí),nîùs= 35st =3.52ó % = eðî / 1î ×100% = 72.8%8勞斯表:s3 + 21s2
17、+ 10s + 10(a) 系統(tǒng)傳遞函數(shù):10(s + 1)3-7 解:3解得 K >44若系統(tǒng)穩(wěn)定,則:K 1 > 0, K > 03K40.20.83 K 1K 1Ks3s2s1s0勞思表0.2S 3 + 0.8S 2 + (K 1)s + K = 04(2)系統(tǒng)閉環(huán)特征方程為若系統(tǒng)穩(wěn)定,則: K 1 > 0, K > 0 。無(wú)解4K0.210.8K K 1s3s2s1s0系統(tǒng)不穩(wěn)定。3-6 解:(1)系統(tǒng)閉環(huán)特征方程為0.2S 3 + 0.8S 2 s + K = 0勞思表2= 3060D4 =0300002151510310(其實(shí) D4 不必計(jì)算,因?yàn)?D
18、3 < 0 )13302 = 153= 47, D =53D1 = 10, D2 =11001510109610100.610.051s3s2s1s0勞思表:0.05s3 + 0.6s2 + s + 10 = 0解法二、系統(tǒng)的閉環(huán)特征方程為:Kssss當(dāng) r (t ) = t ×1(t) 時(shí), e = 0.1 ;當(dāng) r (t ) = t 2 ×1(t ) 時(shí), e = 。1穩(wěn)定域?yàn)椋?#238; > 0, 0 < K < 200î3-9 解:(1)解法一、因?yàn)?#245; = 1 ,屬于型無(wú)差系統(tǒng),開(kāi)環(huán)增益 K = 10 ,故當(dāng) r (t)
19、 = 1(t ) 時(shí), ess = 0 ;2î> 0, K > 0 時(shí)系統(tǒng)穩(wěn)定當(dāng) 2î > 0,2î 0.01Ks02îK1K0.012î2î 0.01Ks3s2s1勞思表:0.01s3 + 2î s2 + s + K = 0系統(tǒng)穩(wěn)定。3-8 解:系統(tǒng)閉環(huán)特征方程為:100110110s2s1s0勞思表:s2 + 101s + 10(b) 系統(tǒng)傳遞函數(shù):10系統(tǒng)穩(wěn)定。101000121200 / 2110s3 s2 s1s0101 +s(s + 4)(s2 + 2s + 2)s 0s 0s2s2 7(s +
20、 1)sss= 8 / 711輸入 r (t ) = t ×1(t) 時(shí), R(s) = 1 , e = lim sE = lim ss(s + 4)(s2 + 2s + 2)s 0s 0ss1 + 7(s + 1)sss1 = 01當(dāng)輸入 r (t) = 1(t ) 時(shí), R(s) = 1 , e = lim sE = lim s1 + G(s)sE i RR(s)(s)R(s) =E = ö1系統(tǒng)穩(wěn)定。1071507167.59.47s4 s3 s2 s1s0勞思表:s4 + 6s3 + 10s2 + 15s + 7 = 0解法二、系統(tǒng)的閉環(huán)特征方程為:K7ssss=
21、。1當(dāng) r (t ) = t ×1(t) 時(shí), e = 8 = 1.14 ;當(dāng) r (t ) = t 2 ×1(t ) 時(shí), e8ss(2)解法一、因?yàn)?#245; = 1 ,屬于型無(wú)差系統(tǒng),開(kāi)環(huán)增益 K = 7 ,故當(dāng) r (t ) = 1(t ) 時(shí), e = 0 ;s(0.1s + 1)(0.5s + 1)1 +s0s 0s3s3 10sss= 11輸入 r (t ) = t 2 ×1(t ) 時(shí), R(s) = 2 , e = lim sE = lim ss(0.1s + 1)(0.5s + 1)1 +s 0s 0s2 10s2sss= 0.111輸入 r
22、 (t ) = t ×1(t) 時(shí), R(s) = 1 , e = lim sE = lim ss(0.1s + 1)(0.5s + 1)s 0sss 0 101 +sss1 = 01當(dāng)輸入 r (t) = 1(t ) 時(shí), R(s) = 1 , e = lim sE = lim s1 + G(s)sE i RR(s)(s)R(s) =E = ö1系統(tǒng)穩(wěn)定。11s2輸入 r (t ) = 10t, R(s) =10調(diào)節(jié)時(shí)間 ts = 4T = 1min, T = 0.25 minTs + 1R(s)為一階慣性環(huán)節(jié)3-10 解:系統(tǒng)傳遞函數(shù)為= G(s) =1C (s)1 +
23、s2 (0.1s + 1)s 0s0s3s3 8(0.5s + 1)sss= 0.2521輸入 r (t ) = t 2 ×1(t ) 時(shí), R(s) = 2 , e = lim sE = lim s1 +s2 (0.1s + 1)s 0s 0s2 8(0.5s + 1)s2sss= 011輸入 r (t ) = t ×1(t) 時(shí), R(s) = 1 , e = lim sE = lim ss2 (0.1s + 1)s 0s0ss1 + 8(0.5s + 1)sss1 = 01當(dāng)輸入 r (t) = 1(t ) 時(shí), R(s) = 1 , e = lim sE = lim
24、 s1 + G(s)sE i RR(s)(s)R(s) =E = ö1系統(tǒng)穩(wěn)定。0.14183.28s3 s2 s1s0勞思表:0.1s3 + s2 + 4s + 8 = 0解法二、系統(tǒng)的閉環(huán)特征方程為:K當(dāng) r (t ) = t ×1(t) 時(shí), ess = 0 ;當(dāng) r (t ) = t ×1(t) 時(shí), ess = 0.25 。22(3)解法一、因?yàn)?#245; = 2 ,屬于型無(wú)差系統(tǒng),開(kāi)環(huán)增益 K = 8 ,故當(dāng) r (t) = 1(t ) 時(shí), ess = 0 ;1 +s(s + 4)(s2 + 2s + 2)s0s 0s3s3 7(s + 1)sss
25、= 11輸入 r (t ) = t 2 ×1(t ) 時(shí), R(s) = 2 , e = lim sE = lim s12在擾動(dòng)點(diǎn)之后引入積分環(huán)節(jié) 1/s,s 0所以對(duì)輸入響應(yīng)的誤差, ess = lim sE(s) = 0 。s(0.05s + 1)(s + 5) + 2.5Kss(0.05s + 1)(s + 5) + 2.5KE (s) = s(0.05s + 1)(s + 5) 2.5s(0.05s + 1) 1 = (0.05s + 1)(s + 5) 2.5(0.05s + 1)s(0.05s + 1)(s + 5)s(0.05s + 1)(s + 5) + 2.5KN
26、(s)1 + 2.5KE i N ö2.5(0.05s + 1)s= E (s) = s + 5 =2.5s(0.05s + 1)(s + 5)s(0.05s + 1)(s + 5) + 2.5KR(s)1 + 2.5KE i R =ös(0.05s + 1)(s + 5)1= E(s) =(3)在擾動(dòng)點(diǎn)前的前向通道中引入積分環(huán)節(jié) 1/s,s 05 + 2.5Kss= 0.0455 。比較說(shuō)明,K 越大,穩(wěn)態(tài)誤差越小。e = lim sE(s) =2.5(2)當(dāng) K=20 時(shí)s 0s0(0.05s + 1)(s + 5) + 2.5Ks5 + 2.5Kss= 0.0238e
27、2.5= lim sE(s) = lim s (0.05s + 1)(s + 5) 2.5(0.05s + 1) 1 =ss(1)當(dāng) K=40 時(shí)輸入 R(s) =, N (s) =11(0.05s + 1)(s + 5) + 2.5KsE (s) = (0.05s + 1)(s + 5) 2.5(0.05s + 1) 1(0.05s + 1)(s + 5)1 +N (s)2.5KE i N ö= E (s) = s + 5 2.5(0.05s + 1)(s + 5)1 +R(s)2.5KE i R ö1= E(s) =s 03-11 解:用梅森公式:ess = lim s
28、E (s) = 2.5(C )D穩(wěn)態(tài)誤差:ss (0.25s + 1)2210E (s) = R(s) C (s) = 10 T1s + 21s(T2 +ô K )s + 5 + k C(s)ô s +113E i N s3ssnE i R s3ssre= = lim sös 0= , e= lim sös 011s3s3令 R(s) =, N (s) =11E i N s2ssnE i R s2ssr= = lim sös 0e= 2(K + 5) ,= lim sös0e11s2s2令 R(s) =, N (s) =11E i N
29、 sssnE i R sssre= lim sös 0= lim sös01 = 21 = 0 ,ses令 R(s) =, N (s) =1121ô s2 + Ks + 5s)Ts + 2(T s2 + K211 +N (s)s(T s + 2)(T s + Kô s + K + 5) + (ô s + 1)1E i N × (ô s + 1)=ö= E(s) =(ô s + 1)(T2 s + 2)s(T2 s + 5) + Ks(ô s + 1)(ô s + 1)21Ts + 2(
30、T s2 + Kô s2 + Ks + 5s)211 +s(T s + 2)(T s + Kô s + K + 5) + (ô s + 1)R(s)1× (ô s + 1)E i R =ös(T1s + 2)(T2 s + Kô s + K + 5)1= E (s) =系統(tǒng)開(kāi)環(huán)õ = 1 ,故對(duì) R 為型,干擾 N 作用點(diǎn)之前無(wú)積分環(huán)節(jié),系統(tǒng)對(duì) N 為 0 型解法二、用梅森公式R(s)N(s)3-12 解:解法一、原系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu)圖變換為s 0所以對(duì)輸入響應(yīng)的誤差, ess = lim sE(s) = 。K1s(0.05
31、s + 1)(s + 5) + 2.5K sE (s) = R(s)öE i R + N (s)öE i N =(0.05s + 1)(s2 + 5s 2.5) 1(0.05s + 1)(s + 5)sss(0.05s + 1)(s + 5) + 2.5KN (s)1 + 2.5KE i N ö2.5(0.05s + 1)= E(s) = s + 5 1 =2.5(0.05s + 1)(s + 5)ss(0.05s + 1)(s + 5) + 2.5KR(s)1 + 2.5KE i R =ös(0.05s + 1)(s + 5)1= E (s) =14n
32、n n 1 +s2 + 2îù ss 0s 0ùs2ù 2ssse = lim sE R(s) = lim s11 = 2îs2(2) 輸入 r (t) = 1(t), R(s) =1n n 1 +s2 + 2îù ss0s0sù 2ssse = lim sE R(s) = lim s1 = 01s(1)輸入 r (t) = 1(t), R(s) =1n1 + G(s)s2 + 2îù ssE i RR(s)(s)R(s) =G(s) = n ,誤差傳遞函數(shù) E = ö1ù
33、23-14 解:開(kāi)環(huán)傳遞函數(shù)為s0根據(jù)定義 e = r c , ess = essr + essn = essn = lim sEn (s) = 0.1 。si0.5s2 + s + 200(b)系統(tǒng)開(kāi)環(huán)õ = 1 ,為型系統(tǒng),故 essr = 0 ;又 En (s) = N (s)iöC i N =2000.1信號(hào) essn = 0 ,從而有 ess = essr + essn = 0 。r (t ) = t ×1(t) 時(shí),essr = 0 ,又在 n(t)作用點(diǎn)以前原系統(tǒng)串聯(lián)了一個(gè)積分環(huán)節(jié),故對(duì)階躍干擾R(s)s2 + s + 1,因?yàn)榉肿臃帜负髢身?xiàng)系數(shù)對(duì)應(yīng)
34、相等,故系統(tǒng)為無(wú)差,在解法二、=s 0ss + 1s2C (s)輸入 R(s) =, N (s) =,所以 ess = lim sE(s) = 011E(s) = R(s) C(s) = R(s) (R(s)iöC i R + N (s)iöC i N )N (s)s(s + 1) + 1R(s)s(s + 1) + 1C i N C i R =,ö=(a) 解法一、解得,ös(s + 1)C (s)s + 1C (s)系統(tǒng)對(duì) r(t)為型,對(duì) n(t)為 0 型。3-13:154-2 解:4-1 解:習(xí)題第四章16作圖測(cè)得 î = 0.5 的
35、阻尼線與根軌跡交點(diǎn) s1,2 = 0.33 ± j0.58 ,根據(jù)根之和法則,9所以,無(wú)超調(diào)時(shí) K 的取值范圍為 0 < K = 0.1925 。392333d 1 + 1 ( 1) ×+ 1 =1當(dāng) 0<K<3 時(shí)系統(tǒng)穩(wěn)定, K =31333ù =± 2, K = 3與虛軸交點(diǎn):1 + GH = s(s + 1)(0.5s + 1) + K = 0.5s3 + 1.5s2 + s + K 0.5( jù )3 + 1.5( jù )2 + jù + K = 02分離角為 ±ð3(k =
36、 1) ð331 ,(k = 1),分離點(diǎn)坐標(biāo) s = ðá =3(2k + 1)ð3(k = 0)ð3 條漸近線與實(shí)軸夾角3a漸近線交點(diǎn)為 ó =(0 1 2) = 1160D4-3 解:根軌跡如圖極點(diǎn) P1 = 0, P2 = 1, P3 = 2 ,共有三條漸近線17由根軌跡可以看出適當(dāng)增加零點(diǎn)可以改善系統(tǒng)穩(wěn)定性,使本來(lái)不穩(wěn)定的系統(tǒng)變得穩(wěn)定。ó % = 25%4-5 解:(題目改為單位負(fù)反饋)nîù0.01s2 + 0.08s + 1= 0.88s , ùn = 10 , î =
37、0.4 , ts =系統(tǒng)可以 看作 ö (s) =3.510.590.67231與零點(diǎn) z=構(gòu)成偶極子,所以主導(dǎo)極點(diǎn)為 s , s ,即(2)由于極點(diǎn)為 s1 = 110.67s + 1s,t = 3T = 2s,ó % = 0即ö (s) =10.6712,3= 4 ± j9.2 ,主導(dǎo)極點(diǎn)為 s ,系統(tǒng)看成一階系統(tǒng)。1.5 , s4-4 解:(1) s1 = 1nî = 0.5 ,ùn = 0.667 ,其階躍響應(yīng)下的性能指標(biāo)為ó % = 16.3% , ts = îù = 10.5s 。13.51(
38、s s )(s s2)s2 + 0.667s + 0.445,從而得到=主導(dǎo)極點(diǎn),系統(tǒng)近似為二階,即ö (s) =0.445s1s2 s1 + s2 + s3 = p1 + p2 + p3 ,求得 s3 = 2.34 。s3 對(duì)虛軸的距離是 s1,2 的 7 倍,故認(rèn)為 s1,2 是18s(s + 8)(1) G(s) =1605-3 解:s2 + 44.37s + 986.96G(s) =986.96 R = 44959(Ù)10ð ×106 R= 0.7081ð 2100ð 2 ×106= 1013(H ) L =110
39、41 100ð 2 L ×106 + 10ð ×106 Rj,1LCs2 + RCs + 1G(10ð j) =設(shè) G(s) =15超過(guò)10D ,所以不滿足要求。5-2 解:ù = 2ð f = 2ð × 5 = 10ð , G(10ð j) = 3.54 = 0.708, G(10ð j) = 90D5-1 解: 0 = arctan ùT = arctan 2ð f × T = arctan 2ð ×10 × 0
40、.01 = 32.14 ,相位差D第五章習(xí)題答案19s(s + 0.5)(s2 + 3.2s + 64)(3) G(s) =64(s + 2)s(s + 1)(s + 20)(2) G(s) =100(s + 2)20L(ùk ) = 20 lg K 20 lg ùk = 0 , K = ùk = 100 ,由圖可知ùr = 45.3 ,nnùù 21s(s2 + 2 î s + 1)由一個(gè)放大環(huán)節(jié)、一個(gè)積分環(huán)節(jié)、一個(gè)振蕩環(huán)節(jié)組成(c) G(s) =K80s( 1 s + 1)40 K = 40G(s) =80Tccc1=
41、0 ,1ù = 1 = 80 T =,穿越頻率ù = 40 , L(ù ) = 20 lg K 20 lg ùs(Ts + 1)由一個(gè)放大環(huán)節(jié)、一個(gè)積分環(huán)節(jié)、一個(gè)慣性環(huán)節(jié)組成(b) G(s) =K0.1s + 1G(s) =10T20 lg K = 20, K = 10 ;ù1 = 10 T = 0.11Ts + 1由一個(gè)放大環(huán)節(jié)、一個(gè)慣性環(huán)節(jié)組成K5-4 解:(a) G(s) =s(s2 + s + 1)(s2 + 4s + 25)(4) G(s) =s(s + 0.1)21伯德圖:50s (s + 1)s (s + 50)221, 20 l
42、g K = 14=52505-5 解:(1) G(s) =s(0.25s2 + 0.2s + 1)G(s) =10(s + 1)L = 20 lg K = 20 , K = 102î,在 ù1 = 1 處, = 8 î = 0.2ù1 = 1 ô = 1 , ù2 = 2 ùn = 2 , 20 lg1nnùù 2s(s2 + 2s + 1)1î(e) G(s) =K (ô s + 1)101s2 (s + 1)2K = 0.1990 ,G(s) = 0.1990(10s + 1) )
43、2c( 或 者采用 精 確表示 : L(ù ) = 20 lg K + 20 lg 102 + 1 20 lg12 20 lg(1 + 1) = 0 ,s2 (s + 1)2ccL(ù ) = 20 lg K + 20 lg10 20 lg(ù 2 + 1) = 0 , K = 0.2 ,G(s) = 0.2(10s + 1)ù1 = 0.1 得ô = 10 ; ù2 = 1 得T = 1組成s2 (Ts + 1)2由一個(gè)放大環(huán)節(jié)、一個(gè)微分環(huán)節(jié)、兩個(gè)積分環(huán)節(jié)、兩個(gè)慣性環(huán)節(jié)(d) G(s) =K (ô s + 1)s(s2 +
44、 30s + 2.5 ×103 )G(s) =2.5 ×103 ×1001 2î 22î 1 î 2nn20 lg,得到ù 50 ,î = 0.3 (0.954 舍去)。= 4.85 ,ù =1ùr22P = 0, N = 0 無(wú)穿越,故 Z = P 2 N = 0 穩(wěn)定155s( s + 1)(s + 1)11, 20 lg K = 10.46(2) G(s) =s(s + 5)(s + 15) 3 250有一次負(fù)穿越, P = 0 , Z = P 2N = 2 故不穩(wěn)定1023s(0.5s
45、+ 1)(0.02s + 1)5-6 解: G(s) =,ù1 = 2,ù2 = 50, 20 lg K = 2010P = 0, N = 0 無(wú)穿越,故 Z = P 2 N = 0 穩(wěn)定155s2 ( s + 1)(s + 1)s (s + 5)(s + 15)211, 20 lg K = 10.46=(3) G(s) = 3 250(s + 1)10 (s + 1)24 ùn Lh = 20 lg G( jùg ) = 20 ù 1 g= 180 ,得ù = 102g求ùg , 90 arctanDDùn
46、49;2î gùn = 10,î = 0.05s(0.01s2 + 0.01s + 1)5-7 解: G(s) =K10(5 j + 1)(0.2 j + 1)gh 20 lg 5 = 13.98 dBL = 20 lg G( jù ) = 20 lg10DDDDDDDã = 180 arctg (0.5ùc ) arctg (0.02ùc ) 90 = 180 66 5 90 = 190.01= 10得 0.5ùg i0.02ùg = 1 ùg =1(90 + arctg (0.5ù
47、g ) + arctg (0.02ùg ) = 180DD20 lg K 20 lg ùc 20 lg(0.5ùc ) = 0 ,得ùc 20 = 2 5 4.47 (精確解 4.2460);25(2)= 70.36D= 180D 90D + 78.69D 84.29D 14.04D= 180 90 + tg (5ùc1 ) tg (10ùc1 ) tg (0.25ùc1 )111DDã1 = 180 + G( jùc1 )Ds(10s + 1)(0.25s + 1)G(s) =2(5s + 1)1
48、15;10 ×1c1= 1 K = 2ù = 1 K × 5得ô 2 = 5, T1 = 10,T3 = 0.25T3T1ô 2(1)= 0.2,= 0.1,= 4111s(T1s + 1)(T3 s + 1)5-8 解: G(s) =K (ô 2 s + 1) 10 1 = 0.1 902因?yàn)?#249;c = 0.1 ,ã = 180 90 arctgDDD0.01× 0.1s(0.01s2 + 0.01s + 1)G(s) =0.1ggg(0.01× ù )2 + (1 0.01ù
49、; 2 )2ùc= 0.1,得 K = 0.1 ù = 0.1K26= ã1系統(tǒng)穩(wěn)定性不變= 180 90 + tg (5ùc1 ) tg (10ùc1 ) tg (0.25ùc1 )111DD111DD= 180 90 + tg (0.5ùc 2 ) tg (ùc 2 ) tg (0.025ùc 2 )ã 2 = 180 + G( jùc 2 )Ds(s + 1)(0.025s + 1)G(s) =20(0.5s + 1) K ' = 2010 ×10= 1ùc 2 = 10 = 10ùc1 K ' × 0.5 ×10s(s + 1)(0.025s + 1)G(s) =K ' (0.5s + 1)(3)右移 10 倍頻程,則T1 = 1,ô 2 = 0.5, T3 = 0.025P = 0, N = 0 (無(wú)穿越) Z = P
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