初中英語語法——并列句及連詞的用法

1、并列句及連詞的用法【用法講解】考試要求：近年來，全國各地的中考英語試題對連詞的考查主要集中在以下幾方面：1 .對并列連詞的考查，要求必須確切地理解句子的意義，在此基礎(chǔ)上確定詞與詞之間及 兩個(gè)分句之間的關(guān)系，從而確定正確的并列連詞。2 .對從屬連詞的考查，側(cè)重于對從句的理解，正確把握從屬連詞。1 .并列連詞及并列句并列連詞表示單詞、短語、從句或句子間有并列關(guān)系。用并列連詞連接起來的兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的簡單句叫做并列句。其結(jié)構(gòu)為“簡單句+并列連詞+簡單句”。常用并列關(guān)系的連詞有：and 和“；both and 兩個(gè)者B"； as well as 也“：not only but also 不但

2、，而且 ”；neither nor 既不, 也不 "， eitheror ”或者或者” 等。(1) and可以用來連接兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的單詞、短語或句子，表示一種順接的關(guān)系。and在譯成中文時(shí)，不一定要翻譯出和”來。例如： My father bought me a present, and I like it very much.爸爸給我買了一件禮物，我非常喜歡。(2) bothand可用來連接兩個(gè)并列的主語、謂語、賓語、表語和狀語等。連接兩個(gè)并列的主語時(shí)謂語動(dòng)詞通常用復(fù)數(shù)形式。例如：Both you and I are league members.我和你都是共青團(tuán)員。I can

3、speak both English and Chinese.我不僅能說英語，而且也能說漢語。(3) not only but also neithernor都能連接兩個(gè)相同的句法單位，如主語、謂語、賓語、表語等。如果它們連接兩個(gè)并列主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用就近原則。例如：He is not only tall but also strong.他不僅個(gè)子高，而且很健壯。Not only Jim but also I have visited the famous artist.不但吉姆而且我也拜訪過那位著名的藝術(shù)家。Neither he nor I can speak a foreign langu

4、age. 我和他者B不會(huì)說夕卜語。(4) as well as 語意同 not only but also，意為“除了,還有"。但是 not only - - but also . 強(qiáng)調(diào)的是后者，而 as well as強(qiáng)調(diào)的是前者。且當(dāng)as well as引導(dǎo)并列主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞的數(shù)與前面的主語保持一致。例如： He as well as his students gets up at 6 o ' clock.不僅他的學(xué)生們而且他也是6點(diǎn)鐘起床。2 .表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的連詞及并列句表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的連詞有：but但是"；while而"；however然而&quo

5、t;；though (although)”雖然”等。要注意，but和though (although)在句中只能選用一個(gè)，句意不變。例如： The doctors tried to save the patient, but they failed.=Although the doctors tried to save the patient, they failed.盡管醫(yī)生們盡力搶救那個(gè)病人，但是失敗了。Lucy likes red while Lily likes white.露西喜歡紅色，而莉莉喜歡白色。He worked hard. However, he failed.他很努力，然

6、而還是失敗了。3 .表示選擇關(guān)系的連詞及并列句(1) either or 不是就是 ”這兩個(gè)連詞主要表示一種選擇關(guān)系時(shí),需要注意的是eitheror通常引導(dǎo)兩個(gè)相同的句法單位，當(dāng)連接兩個(gè)并列主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用就近原則。例如：Either he or she is going to help you.不是他幫你就是她幫你。（2） or用在選擇疑問句中連接被選擇的對象，意為 或，還是"；用于否定句中連接并 列成分，表示和，與”的意思。例如：Would you like coffee or tea? 你想要咖啡還是茶？I don ' t like bread, rice or po

7、rridg峨不喜歡面包、米飯還有稀飯。注意：在否定句中，如果所接的兩部分都有否定詞，那么用 and而不用or連接。例如：There is no water and no air on the moon.月球上沒有水，也沒有空氣。or在祈使句中意為"否則"，句型為：“祈使句，or"="If you don ' t，you' ll”, or在這里表示“（請你干）否則你就會(huì)”，含有明顯的轉(zhuǎn)折意味。Hurry up , or you will be late.=If you don 't hurry up , you will be la

8、te.快點(diǎn)，否則你會(huì)遲到的。IV .表示因果關(guān)系的連詞及并列句表示因果關(guān)系的并列連詞有so （所以），for （因?yàn)椋?。for可譯為因?yàn)?quot;，但只是為主句中所說的話提供推斷的理由加以解釋，且 for引導(dǎo)的句子往往放于主句之后，前面用逗號隔開。Kate was ill, so she didn' t go toBChoo病了，所以她沒有去上學(xué)。I have to stay up late, for I have lots of homework to do.我不得不熬夜，因?yàn)槲矣性S多作業(yè)要做?！菊骖}再現(xiàn)】1. Study hard, you will pass the exam.

9、A. soB. orC. butD. and2. Think of a number, don't tell me what it is.A. nor B. soC. orD. but3. Don' t run in the classroom, you may hurt yourself.A. andB. orC. butD. so4. Practice more,you'll do better in playing chess.A. butB. andC. when D. after5. Be quick, we' ll be late for schoo

10、l.A. andB. butC. orD. so6. At school, we are taught knowledge how to behave well.A. neither; nor B. either; or C. not only; but also D. not; but7. I have only two tickets for TF Boys. ' concert you he can go on withme.A. Either or B. Neither norC. Both andD. Not only also8. Going to the movies i

11、s good, I really only like listening to music.A. andB. butC.soD. or【答案與解析】1. Do句意：好好學(xué)習(xí)，你就會(huì)通過考試，由設(shè)空后可知，本句是表示并列關(guān)系，所以用D。A. so那么，所以；B. or否則；C. but但是。所以本題答案為D。2. Do句意：想一個(gè)數(shù)字，但不要告訴它是什么。not也不；so所以；or否則；but但是。根據(jù)題意可知前半句與后半句之間是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故選 D。or意為“否則，要不然”3. Bo句意：不要在教室里跑，否則你可能會(huì)傷到你自己。符合語境，故答案為 B項(xiàng)。4. B。句意：多練習(xí)，你下象棋的水平會(huì)更

12、高些。由句意可知前后分句之間是順承關(guān)系，故答案為B項(xiàng)。5. Co句意為：快點(diǎn)，否則我們上學(xué)就遲到了。or意為“否則”，表連接，符合題意,故選Co6. C。句意：在學(xué)校，我們不僅被傳授知識， 而且被傳授如何做到行為得體。neither-nor既不也不； eitheror要么要么； not onlybut also不但而且; notbut不是而是; 故選 Ao7. A。句意為：我有兩張TF Boys音樂會(huì)的票。你和他其中一個(gè)人可以跟我去。A項(xiàng)意為“或者或者”，表示兩者中的一個(gè)；根據(jù)語境可知，只有兩張票，說話人只能和其中 一人一起去，故選 A。8. B。句意：看電影是不錯(cuò)，但是我卻只喜歡聽音樂。an

13、d和，而且；but但是；so因此;or或者，否則。根據(jù)句意可知選B項(xiàng)。并列句及連詞的用法【鞏固練習(xí)】I .單項(xiàng)選擇。1. Help others whenever you can you 1l make the world a nicer place to live.A. andB. orC. unlessD. but2. These story books for children are awfully written. They are interesting exciting.A. either, orB. neither, norC. both, andD. not only, bu

14、t also3. Would you like to go to the concert with me?一I ' d love to,I ' m afraid I have no time.A. soB. orC. andD. but4. Where was your brother at this time last night?-He was writing an e-mail I was watching TV at home.A. as soon asB. afterC. untilD. while5. you your brother can join us. We

15、 want one of you.A. Both, andB. Neither, nor C. Either, orD. Not only, but also6. the story is short and there are no new words in it, it is difficult to understand.A. ButB. ThoughC. AndD. For7. - Mom, shall we have supper now? Oh, we w on' t have supper your dad comes back.A. untilB. sinceC. wh

16、ileD. after8. He won ' t pass the exam he works hard.A. whenever B. because C. if D. unless9. Tony is a quiet student, he is active in class.A. so B. and C. but D. or10. They will lose the game they try their best,A. unless B. once C. since D. after11. You won ' t feel happy at school you ge

17、t on well with your classmates.A. though B. when C. unless D. because12. This is my twin sister, Lucy. Not only she but also I good at drawing.A. isB. amC. areD. can13. The restaurant is nice and the food is not bad.I still prefer eating at home.A. AndB. ButC. SoD. Or14. Be quick, we' ll be late

18、 for school.A. and B. or C. so D. but15. The rain is very heavy we have to stay at home.A. but B. because C. so D. and16. I don' t think your uncle really likes drama series No,he still watches the programme .A. andB. soC. orD. but17. You have coughed for several days, Bill. Stop smoking,you'

19、; ll get better soon.A. butB. afterC. orD. and18. 一 Rose Jack watched Prince William' s wedding on TV yesterday.What a pity! They missed the exciting moment.A. Both, and B. Not only; but also C. Either; or D. Neither, nor19. The box was too heavy for me to carry,I pulled it into my room.A. soB.

20、andC. butD. or20. I believe it I see it with my own eyes.A. won ' t; andB. will; butC. will; untilD. won ' t; tinII.用適當(dāng)?shù)牟⒘羞B詞填空(and , but , so, for , or)。1. Go along the street, you'll find the shop .2. The weather was very cold , many people were ill .3. People think we look the same , I

21、 can see that we're different.4. I know him I can't remember his name .5. You may go with him stay at home alone .6. Let's take the stone away, there may be an accident.7. The shop was quite new, it had opened only the week before .8. My glasses were broken , I need a new pair.【答案與解析】I.單

22、項(xiàng)選擇。1. Ao由于前后句子表示順接關(guān)系，所以選擇and。句意為 無論什么時(shí)間你能幫助別人，你都能使世界更美好”。2. Bo句意為這些書對于孩子們來說，寫得太糟糕了，它們既不有趣，也不讓人興奮所以應(yīng)該選B項(xiàng)，意為 既不也不”。3. Do答語表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，所以選用but。句意為 我想去，但我擔(dān)心沒有時(shí)間4. Do表示兩個(gè)并列的動(dòng)作同時(shí)進(jìn)行，答語意為他在寫郵件，而我在看電視 ”。5. Co句意為 你或者你弟弟可以加入我們，我們想要你們其中一位”。前后句表示選擇關(guān)系，所以選either - or,意為 或者或者”。1.8。 本題是考查引導(dǎo)詞though的用法表示 雖然、盡管”的意思。注意選項(xiàng)D作連詞連接并列句不能放在句首。7. A ° until用于否定句中，表示句子的動(dòng)作直到until短語所表示的時(shí)間才開始發(fā)生，即表示動(dòng)作的起點(diǎn)。While跟連續(xù)性的動(dòng)詞；since連接的句子主句一般用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，從句用過去時(shí)。8. Do根據(jù)句意 池將不會(huì)通過考試，除非他努力學(xué)習(xí)"。whenever無論何時(shí)，because因?yàn)?，if如果，unless除非。故選D。9. Co 考查but用法，quiet和active正好相反，用 but表示意思的轉(zhuǎn)折。10. A。句意為 如果他們不努力，比賽就會(huì)失敗。" unles意為 如果不&qu