2018北京中考英語試題及答案解析

1、2018年北京市咼級中等學校招生考試英語試卷姓名_ 準考證號_考場號_ 座位號_1. 本試卷共 10 頁，共五道大題，39 道小題，滿分 60 分。考試時間 90 分鐘。2. 在試卷和草稿紙上準確填寫姓名、準考證號、考場號和座位號。3. 試題答案一律填涂或書寫在答題卡上，在試卷上作答無效。4. 在答題卡上，選擇題用 2B 鉛筆作答，其他試題用黑色字跡簽字筆作答。5.考試結(jié)束，將本試卷、答題卡卡和草稿紙一并交回。知識運用（共 14 分）、單項填空（共 6 分，每小題分）從下面各題所給的 A B、C、D 個選項中，選擇可以填入空白處的最佳選項brother and I like football.

2、play it together once a week.B. TheyC. WeD. Youbirthday, Peter! Here s a gift _ you.3. do you usually go to school, Mary-By bike.A. When B. HowC. WhereD. Whypeople like pan dasthey are cute.A. though B. ifC. whileD. because5. I _ o now, or I ll miss my train.A. can B. might C. must D. couldis of the

3、 three boys, but he is the tallest.A. you ng B. you nger C. you ngest D. the you ngestlikes readi ng. Hepicture books with his dad every eve ning.A. read B. reads C. is read ing D. has read,what were you doing at nine Last ni ghtIa movie in the cinema with my friends.考生須知A. forB. inC. withD. fromA.

4、was watch ing B. watch C. have watched D. will watch9. David a tennis player, He to play tennis when he was six years old.A. beg insB.will beg in C. bega n D. has begu n10. - Lucy, is your un cle a teacher-Yes, he is. He_ history for n early 20 years.A. teaches B. has taught C. is teachi ng D. will

5、teach11. A new intern ati onal airport_ in the city n ext year.A. completes B. is completed C. will complete D. willbe completed12. .Alice, could you tell me_ don.Sure. Last Sun day |A. whe n Mr. Smith leftB. whe n Mr. Smith will leaveC. whe n did Mr. Smith leaveD. whe n will Mr. Smith leave二、完形填空（共

6、 8 分，每小題 1 分）閱讀下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后從短文后各題所給的的A B C D 四個選項中，選擇最佳選項。Real Solutions （ 解決方法）to ProblemsThirty engineers were working as a team in a company. They were young andeager to lear n. The man ageme nt decided to teach them about finding real soluti onsto problemsOn eday, the team was called for a 13

7、in a hall. They were quite surprised and allreached the hall hold ing various 14._ Asthey en tered, they found a box placed in the cen ter, full of flat ballo onsThe man ager asked every one to pick a ballo onand blow it up. The n they were asked to write their nameson their respective（ 各自的）balloons

8、 15 so that the ballo ons would nt blow out. All tried, but not everyone was壓力） .16 . Five ballo ons blew out due to pressure（Those who failed to mark theirnames on theballo ons were 17 out of the game. As a result,25 engineers cameto the next level. All the balloons carrying their n ames were 18 an

9、d the n put into a room, here andthere.The engineers were told to pick the balloon with his orher nameon,AII the 25 engineers began to search for therespective balloons in a rush.It was almost 15 minutes but no one was able to 19 the right one.The sec ond level of the game was over.Then camethe fina

10、l level, the engineers were asked to pick any balloon and giveit to pers on n amed on the ballo on. With in a couple of minu tes, all ballo ons 20 thehands of the respective engin eers.The manager announced this was the real solution to the problem. Many times inour life, sharing and helping others

11、give us real solutions toproblems.13A gameB showC concertD patry14.A. purposesB. suggesti onsC. thoughtsD. pla ns15. A quietlyB. carefullyC. secretlyD. clearly16A bonestB readyC patientD succeesful17A checkedB helped IC ruledD cleaned18.A. collectedB. weighedC. tiedD. clea ned19A markB hideC numberD

12、 find20 A. freed-B. reached- C. lifted- DHh!-閱讀理解（共 36 分）三、閱讀下列短文.根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從文后各所給的AB、C D 四個選項中，選出最佳選項。（共 26 分，每小題 2 分）ARoger: Hi, there ! It was my15th birthday last Saturday. Someof myfriendsand Ala n, my cous in, came to celebrate it. Every one brought me a gift,*we played games, sang songs and had

13、a big birthday cake. It was really a won derfulday! Did you do anything special last weekJessica: Yes, My class were on a school field trip last week. First,We went to the University ofNorth Carolina to learn about the historyof its basketball team. Manybasketball stars were students there.Then we v

14、isited a museum. We lear ned about how the pla ne was inven ted and tookmany pictures there.Sara: Well, I was lucky eno ugh to go to a conference （慈善）last Wednesday.I was excited to meet a lot of kind people there. One of them was a boy n amedRichard. He spoke at the conference about the charity wor

15、k that he had done in thepast few years.Martin: It was a differe nt week tha n usual. Last Thursday, my school band（樂隊）went to Atlanta to perform in a competition. I played the violin and we won a prize! OnFriday we went to the Georgia Aquarium and got to see different kinds of sea life fromover the

16、 world. It was really cool!21. Whe n did Roger have his birthday partyA. Last Wed nesday22. Who went on a school field trip last week23. Martin went to Atlanta會議）on charityB. last thursdayC. Last FridayD. Last Saturday.A. Ala n. B. JessicaC. Sara D. Richard.A. speak at a conferenceB. orga nize a par

17、tyC. perform in a competiti onA Beautiful Mome ntWhenl wasinhigh school. I workedpart-time helping Dad sell fruitsand vegetables at a matket. On eday, as Iwas prepari ng the fruits. A littleboy came by with his mom and sister. He was about eight years old, and thegirl, fiveorsix. They were lookingth

18、e fruits in front of me. I heardthekids say to their mom(in French) , They re good! I knew it was French.Because I can speak and un dersta nd it.Then I noticed how momwas picking the fruits. At first I thought she was reallylooking at the fruits because she was facing them. But thenI no ticed how mu

19、ch she had to feel and smell each one as she picked them out. Andoften asked her son if it looked okay, but looked way above where his face was. Puttingwhat I saw together, I was sure she was blind.Both of the kids continued to help their mom pick out the fruits .The son made sure the fruits were no

20、t obviously bad, and the daughter han ded themto her mom. The woma n the n felt each one and smiled, and the daughter would putthem into their basket . The kids were smiling while helping their mom pick the fruitsout.Their smile and gen tle manner moved me in a way that n ever happe ned before .It w

21、as so beautiful to see such young kids so willi ngly help.Most kids that age would be pick ing out can dies or toys in a store for themselves, instead ofhelpi ng their mom pick out fruits as the two kidsdid.It was great to witness the moment, but not so great because I didn t tell the momhow beautif

22、ul her children were in their Ianguage .this is what I regret to this day.24. The wome n and her kids came to the market to buy ._D. visit a uni versityA. fruits B. vegetables C. can diesD. toys25. Accordi ng to what he saw, the writer was sure the mother could ntA. speak B. see C. smell D. hear26.

23、The writer was moved because _._A. the mother was brave to face her problems.B. the kids were polite and kind to each otherC. the mother was careful in picki ng out thingsD. the kids were so willing to help their motherCSome primary schoolchildre n have bee n raised in homeswith moregreen space arou

24、nd. They are likely to comewith larger volumes ofwhite and grey matterincertain areas of the brain. These differences areassociated（ 關(guān)聯(lián)）with beneficial effects on cognitive function （認知功能） .This is the main conclusion of a study led by the Barcelona Institute for GlobalHealth.The study was performed

25、 amon g253 schoolchildre nin Spa in . Life longexposure（接觸）to green space in the living places was recorded usingthe information on the children s addresses from birth up through to the time of thestudy. Brain structure was studied using 3D magnetic resonance imagi ng （MRI）.Worki ng memory and in at

26、te ntive ness （注意力不集中） weregraded with computers.“This is the first study that shows the association between Iong-term exposureto green space and brain structure.” Says Dr. Payam Dadvand ,the leading researcher of the study, “Our findings suggest that exposure to greenspace early in life could resul

27、t in beneficial structuralchangesin the brai n. ”The findings show that Iong-term exposure to greenness is positively associatedwith white and grey matter volumes in several parts of the brain. Some of them arerelated to higher scores on cog nitive tests. Moreover, larger volumes of white and greyma

28、tter in those parts might lead to better work ing memory and less in atte ntive ness.Exposure to nature has been thought to be necessary for brain development inchildren. Another study of 2, 593 children shows thatchildre n in school with more gree n space have a greater in crease in work ing memory

29、and a greater decrease in in atte ntive ness.Huma ns are believed to be tied to n ature. Playi ng in gree ner areasoffers childre n opport un ities to search and lear n. Accord in gly, gree n space isthought to prompt importa nt exercises in discovery, creativity and risk taki ng. Theseexercises in

30、turn positively in flue nce brain developme nt.Dr. Dadvand s study suggests how such structural changes could bring about theben eficial effects of gree n spaces on cog nitive developme nt, it also adds to the proofthat suggests the lastingeffects of early lifeexposure to gree nn ess on our health a

31、nd the ben efitsof in creas inggree nn ess in cities.Further studies are needed to prove the findings in other populations, settings andclimates. And researchers need to examine differences accord ing to the n ature andquality of gree n space.27. The sec ond paragraph is mainly about .A. how the stu

32、dy was performed B. what was recorded in the studyC. how long the study lasted D. who took part in the study28. The word “ prompt ” in paragraph 6 probably means “” .A. con trol B. en courageC. bala nce D. cha nge29. What can we lear n from the passageA. Worki ng memory in flue nces white and grey m

33、atter in the brai n.B. Dr. Dadva nd stressed the importa nee of cha nging the en vir onment.C. Studies proved the in flue nee of gree nn ess on populati ons outs of Spain.D. Li ving in gree ner n eighborhoods ben efits childre n in brain developme nt.DWeoften reach a point in our life when we should

34、 be ready for change that will helpus uniock our self-improvement power. However, there salways something staring at us right under our nose but we don t see it. The only timewe think of uni ock ing our self-improveme nt power is whe n everyth ing gets worst.Whendo werealize that we need to change d

35、iets Whennone of our shirts and jeans would fit us. Whendo we stop eati ng can dies and chocolates Whe n all of our teethhave fallen off. Whendo we realize that we need to stop smok ing Whenour lungs havegone bad. Wesee the warning sig ns and sig nals whe n thi ngs get rough and difficult.The only t

36、ime most of us ever learnabout uniocking ourself-improvement power is when the whole world is falling apart. Wethink and feel thisway because it is not easy to cha nge, but cha nge becomes more painful when weignore（ 忽視）it ,Change will happen, like it or hate it. At one point or another, we are all

37、going to finally uni ock our self-improveme nt power n ot because the world says so. But becausewe realize it s for our own good.Happy people don t just accept change; they embrace （擁抱）it.Uniocking our self-improvement power meansuniocking ourselves out of the box ofthought that is just the way we a

38、re. It is such a poor excuse for people who fear change.Jane always tells every one that she does n t have the courage to bearound groups of people. She heard her family tell the same things about her to otherpeople. Over the years, that is what Jane has believed. Every time a great crowd come,she s

39、teps back and locks herself up in a room.Jane not only believes in her story, but lives it!Self-im provement maynot be everybody s favorite word, but if welook at thingsin a different way, we might have greater chances of enjoying the whole process instead of counting the days un til weare fully imp

40、roved. Three sessions in a week at thegym would result in a healthier life.Read ing books every day would build up kno wledge. And only whe n we are enjoyingthe whole process of uni ock ing our self-improveme nt power will we realize that we rebegi nning to take things light and become happy.30. The

41、 writer mentions the three questions in Paragraph 2 to show thatA. we lear n our less ons whe n we experie nee pain.B. we are resp on sible for the problems we meet.C. life fails us when we get into the wrong way.D. life is a long jour ney full of ups and dow ns.31. What is the key to solving Jane s

42、 problemA. She n eeds to remember why she started.B. She has to know how to get on with people.C. She has to realize she is not what she is in her story.D. She n eeds to un dersta nd the importa nee of con fide nee.writer probably agrees that.A. the world tells us how to improve ourselves.B. people

43、change when they find it easy to do that.C. welcoming change in life is a drive to become better.D. enjoyi ng the process of self-improveme nt makes life simpler.33. Which of the following would be the best title for the passageA. Is it importa nt to take things lightB. Is it n ecessary to embrace c

44、halle ngesC. To hold on to the last moment or to give upD. To free ourselves out of the box or to stay in it四、閱讀短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容回答問題.(共 10 分，每小題 2 分)When it comes to the letter grade on your test or homework, youmight no ticethatthere is no letter E. Have you ever thought about why that is soIn the A, B, C

45、, D and F gradi ng system, the first four lettersare typically con sideredpass ing grades.An F in this system simply stands for“fail ” . The word “fail ”happens tostart with the letter F, which seems to leave out the letterE. The fact ” . Someschools have Ugrade for“ unsatisfactory ”，or I gradefor“

46、in complete ” .Eve n with all this said, we should also point out that Egradeactually has bee n used pretty com mon ly throughout the history of letter grades in theUS.The first college in the US to use a letter grading system like theones we use today is Mount Holyoke College. In 1897, they began t

47、o usethe following grading scale:A: 95-100%(excelle nt) B: 85-94%(good) C: 76-84%(fair)D: 75%（barely passed） E: below 75%（failed）We can see the in clusi on of E in stead of F.Gradually, the letter grad ing system became more popular throughout the US.However, many schools decided to drop the E grade

48、 and go straight to F. There is noevidenee （證據(jù)）to really support this, but one possible explanation is that teacherswere worried that somestudents and parents might mistake E for “excellent ” .Why do we have letter grades Well, part of the reason is that they made grad ingsimpler duri ng a time of g

49、reat cha nge for schools. As the 20th cen tury bega n, growing cities and an in crease in immigrati on led to larger school classrooms. Mostteachers at that time thought this new letter grading systemwas an easy, fair andclear way to grade students.Today, more and more people argue that letter grade

50、s don t fully reflect （ 反映）student learning。 However, as teachers try to improvegrad ing methods, many pare nts con ti nue to favor the letter grades they got as kids,they are familiar （ 熟悉） and easy for parents to understand. So while they might not beperfect, the letter grades probably aren tgoing

51、 away any time soon.34. what does an F stand for in the A、B、C、D and F grading system35. when was the letter grading system first used in the US college36. what is one possible expla nati on for dropp ing the E grade37. what did most teachers think of the letter grading system in the 20th cen tury38.

52、 why do many parents still prefer the letter grades today書面表達（共 10 分）五、文段表達（10 分）39. 從下面兩個題目中任選一題，根據(jù)中文和英文提示，完成一篇不少于 50 詞的 文段寫作，文中已給出內(nèi)容不 計入總數(shù).所給提示詞語僅供選用，請不要寫出你 的校名和姓名。題目一：假如你是李華，你們學校要舉辦一場關(guān)于京劇的講座，你打算邀請你們班交換生 Peter 參加，請用英語寫一封電子郵件，告訴他講座時間和地點以及需要做什么準備。提示詞語：lecture（ 講座），invite, information, question, onli

53、ne 提示問題：When andwhere will you have the lecturewhat do you advise Peter to prepare for itDear peter,How is it goingThere ll be a lecture on Peking Opera in our school._If there is any thi ng that I can do, please let me know.題目 s“靜以修身， 儉以養(yǎng)德”， 勤儉節(jié)約是中華民族的傳統(tǒng)美德， 無論生活富足 與否，我們都應(yīng)該提倡節(jié)儉，拒絕某英文網(wǎng)站在開展以“節(jié)約是美德”為主題的征文活動，假如你是李華，請用英 語寫一篇短文投稿.談?wù)勆钪心闶窃趺醋龅模赃@樣做的意義。提示詞語：thrifty （ 節(jié)約的）？save, turn off. money, virtue （美德）提示問題： What do you do in your daily lifewhy do you do soIt s one of our traditional virtues to be thrifty._2018 北京中考英語答案123456789101112CABDCDBACBDA