知識講解和練習(xí)

1、2013年新人教版初二英語上冊Unit1 Where did you go on vacation?一、重點(diǎn)短語go on vacation去度假 stay at home待在家里 go to the mountains去爬山go to the beach去海灘 visit museums 參觀博物館 go to summer camp去參觀夏令營 quite a few相當(dāng)多 study for為而學(xué)習(xí) go out出去 most of the time大部分時間 taste good嘗起來很好吃 have a good time玩得高興 of course當(dāng)然 feel like給的感覺；

2、感受到 go shopping去購物 in the past在過去 walk around四處走走 because of因為one bowl of 一碗 the next day第二天 drink tea喝茶 find out找出；查明 go on繼續(xù) something important重要的事 up and down上上下下 come up出來 take photos照相二、句型集萃 buy sth. for sb. / buy sb. sth.為某人買某物 taste + adj. 嘗起來 seem+（to be）+ adj. 看起來 keep doing sth.繼續(xù)做某事arriv

3、e in+大地點(diǎn) / arrive at+小地點(diǎn) 到達(dá)某地 tell sb. (not) to do sth. 告訴某人（不要）做某事try doing sth.嘗試做某事 / try to do sth.盡力去做某事 decide to do sth.決定去做某事 forget doing sth.忘記做過某事/ forget to do sth.忘記做某事enjoy doing sth.喜歡做某事 want to do sth.想去做某事 stop doing sth. 停止做某事 dislike doing sth. 不喜歡做某事 Why not do. sth.?為什么不做呢？ so+

4、adj.+that 如此以至于look+adj. 看起來 start doing sth.開始做某事 三、單元重點(diǎn)、難點(diǎn)、考點(diǎn)精講（一）Section A1.Where did you go on vacation? 你去哪里度假了？（P1）1）這是有疑問副詞where引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問句，where用來詢問地點(diǎn)和場所，放在句首。a._ do you _ _?你從哪里來？ b._does he_?他住在哪里？2）go on vacation意為“去度假”。I want _ _ _ _in Hainan this winter.今年冬天我想去海南度假。2.visited my uncle 看望了我的

5、叔叔（P1）visit是及物動詞，意為“拜訪；探望”,后接表示人的名詞或代詞。visit還可以意為“參觀；游覽”，后接表示地點(diǎn)的名詞。a.I visited my grandmother last week. 上周我去_了我的外婆。b.Do you want to visit Shanghai? 你想_上海嗎？ 拓展：visitor意為“參觀者；游客”。 eg: These visitors come from America._ 3.buy anything special 買特別的東西。（P2）1）buy及物動詞，意為“買；購買”。其過去式為_。 拓展：buy sth. for sb.=b

6、uy sb. sth. 意為“給某人買某物”。My uncle_ _a bike.= My uncle_ _for me. 2)anything不定代詞，意為“某事；某件東西”，主要用于疑問句或否定句中。a.Do you want anything from me? b.I cant say anything about i. 3) anthing special表示“特別的東西”，形容詞修飾不定代詞時后置。 a. Is there_ _in this book?這本書里有新的內(nèi)容嗎？4.Oh, did you go anywhere interesting?哦，你去有趣的地方了嗎？（P2）1

7、）本句是did開頭的一般疑問句2）anywhere用作副詞，意為“在任何地方”。eg：Did you go anywhere during the summer vacation？辨析：anywhere與somewhere anywhere意為“在任何地方”，常用于否定句和疑問句中。 eg:I cant find it anywhere. somewhere意為“在某處；到某處”，常用于肯定句中。 eg:I lost my key somewhere near here.5.We took quite a few photos there.我們在那里拍了不少照片。（P2） take photo

8、s 意為“照相；拍照”。 eg:We_ _on the Great Wall.我們在長城上照了相。辨析：quite a few與quite a little quite a few 意為“很多;不少”，修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)；quite a little 意為“很多;不少”，修飾不可數(shù)名詞。a. He stays here for _ _ _days. b.There is _ _ _water in the bottle(瓶子).6. I just stayed at home most of the time to read and relax. 我大部分時間只是待在家里讀書休息。 （P2） m

9、ost of the time意為“大部分時間”，其中most為代詞，意為“大部分；大多數(shù)”。拓展：most of意為“中的大多數(shù)”，它作主語時，謂語動詞取決于most of后所修飾的名詞。a. Most of us_(be)going to the park. 我們大多數(shù)人要去公園。b. Most of the food_(go)bad. 大部分的食物都變質(zhì)了。7.Everything tasted really good!所有的東西嘗起來真的很好吃！（P3） taste在此為系動詞，意為“嘗起來”，其后接形容詞構(gòu)成系表結(jié)構(gòu)。a.The food tastes really great.食物

10、嘗起來棒極了。 8. Did everyone have a good time?大家都玩得很開心嗎？（P3） have a good time = enjoy oneself = have fun 玩得開心 （+ doing）eg: We had a good time visiting the the Great Wall. = We enjoyed ourselves visiting the the Great Wall.= We had fun visiting the the Great Wall.9.How did you like it? 你覺得它怎么樣？（P3）How do/

11、did you like? 意為“你覺得怎么樣？”，用來詢問對方的觀點(diǎn)或看法，相當(dāng)于What do you think of?eg: How do you like your new job? = _ _ _ _ your new job?10.Did you go shopping? 你們?nèi)ベ徫锪藛幔浚≒3） go shopping意為“去購物；去買東西”，同義短語為do some shopping. eg: I usually go shopping on Sundays.我通常星期天去購物。拓展：“go+doing”形式表示“去做某事”，常用于表達(dá)從事某一體育活動或休閑活動。go ska

12、ting 去滑冰 go hiking 去遠(yuǎn)足go sightseeing 去觀光 go fishing 去釣魚 go swimming 去游泳 go boating 去劃船11.I went to a friends farm in the countryside with my family.我和家人一起去了鄉(xiāng)下一個朋友的農(nóng)場。（P3）a friends farm是名詞所有格形式。一般情況下，表示“有生命的人或物”的名詞后面加s，表示所屬關(guān)系。eg:The red bike is Alices. 那輛紅色的自行車是愛麗斯的。 拓展：名詞所有格的構(gòu)成：1）單數(shù)名詞詞尾加s ，復(fù)數(shù)名詞詞尾沒有s

13、,也要加s the girl s pen女孩的鋼筆 womens shoes女鞋 on Childrens Day2）復(fù)數(shù)名詞以s結(jié)尾的只加 the students reading room學(xué)生閱覽室 Teachers Day教師節(jié)3）如果兩個名詞并列，并且分別有s，則表示“分別有”；只后一個名詞有一個s，則表示“共有”： Johns and Kates rooms. 約翰和凱特（各自）的房間。 Lily and Lucys father. 莉莉和露西的爸爸（同一個爸爸）。4）表示無生命的名詞一般以.of.構(gòu)成短語，表示所有關(guān)系。 a map of China一幅中國地圖 the name

14、of the story那個故事的名字12. Still no one seemed to be bored. (即使這樣)仍然沒有人看起來無聊。（P3）1）seem意為“好像；似乎；看來”。eg：Everything seems easy.一切似乎很容易。拓展：a. seem+adj. “看起來”。 You seem happy today.你今天看起來很高興。b. seem+to do sth. “似乎，好像做某事”。 I seem to have a cold.我似乎感冒了。c. It seems/seemed+從句 “看起來好像；似乎”。It seems that no one bel

15、ieves you.看起來好像沒有人相信你。2）辨析：bored與boringa. bored意為“厭煩的；感到無聊的”，一般在句中修飾人。b. boring意為“無聊的；令人厭煩的”，一般在句中修飾事或物。eg：a. Im _with what he said.我對他說的話厭煩極了。b. I find the story very_.我發(fā)現(xiàn)這個故事太無聊了。（二）Section B1. What activities do you find enjoyable? 你發(fā)現(xiàn)什么活動讓人快樂？（P5）1）activities是activity的復(fù)數(shù)形式，意為“活動”。Students like o

16、utdoor activities. _ 2）enjoyable形容詞，意為“愉快的；快樂的”。 Im sure we will have an enjoyable vacation. 我確信我們將會有一個愉快的假期。2. I arrived in Penang in Malaysia this morning with my family. 今天早上我和家人到達(dá)了馬來西亞的檳城。（P5）arrive不及物動詞，意為“到達(dá)”。arrive in表示到達(dá)較大的地方，如國家、省、市等；arrive at表示到達(dá)較小的地方，如機(jī)場、商店、廣場、村莊等。（注：地點(diǎn)副詞home，here，there前介

17、詞省略）辨析：arrive in+大地點(diǎn) / arrive at+小地點(diǎn)get to +地點(diǎn)reach+地點(diǎn)eg：I (到達(dá)) school at 8：00 oclock yesterday. 3. so we decided to go to the beach near our hotel 因此我們決定到旅館附近的海灘上去。（P5）decide to do sth.意為“決定做某事”。 eg: They _ _ _the museum.他們決定去參觀博物館。拓展：decide后常跟“疑問詞+動詞不定式”做賓語。He cant decide when _ _(leave) 他不能決定何時動身

18、。4. My sister and I tried paragliding.姐姐和我嘗試了滑翔傘運(yùn)動。（P5） try此處用作及物動詞，其后常接名詞、動名詞或不定式，意為“嘗試；試圖，設(shè)法；努力” She is trying my bicycle.她正在試騎我的自行車。拓展：try也可用作名詞，意為“嘗試”，常用短語“have a try”，意為“試一試”。 I want to have a try.我想試一試。辨析：try doing sth. / try to do sth. 1）try doing sth. 嘗試做某事，表示一種嘗試、做做看的想法，不一定付出很多努力。2）try to d

19、o sth.盡力、設(shè)法去做某事，表示想盡一切辦法要把事情辦成，強(qiáng)調(diào)付出努力設(shè)法去完成。 a. I _ _ him, but no one answered. 我試著給他打電話了，但沒有人接聽。 b. Im _ _ _ English well. 我正盡力把英語學(xué)好。5. I felt like I was a bird. It was so exciting! 我感覺自己就像一只小鳥。太刺激了?。≒5）1）feel like意為“給的感覺；感受到”。其后常接從句。eg: He feels like he is swimming. 他感覺像在游泳一樣。拓展：feel like還可意為“想要”，其

20、后可接名詞、代詞或動名詞。即：feel like sth. 想要某物 feel like doing sth. 想要做某事eg：Do you feel like a cup of tea now? 你現(xiàn)在想要一杯茶嗎？Do you feel like _ (take) a walk in the park with me? 你想跟我在公園散步嗎？2）辨析：exciting與excited exciting 意為“令人興奮的，使人激動的”， 一般修飾某物。excited 意為“感到興奮的，激動的”， 一般修飾某人。Eg：a.The story is_(exciting, excited) . b

21、.He told me the_(exciting, excited)news. c.Sarah was_(exciting, excited)to see the singer.6. There are a lot of new buildings now現(xiàn)在有許多新的建筑物（P5）building 可數(shù)名詞,意為“建筑物；樓房”。 build 動詞，“建造，建筑” （built，built），7. I wonder what life was like here in the past. 我想知道在這兒過去的生活是什么樣的。（P5）wonder此處是及物動詞，意為“想知道；琢磨”。其后常接

22、who, what, why等疑問詞引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。 Eg：1.I wonder _. 我想知道那個男孩是誰。 A. the boy is who B. who the boy is 2. I wonder what they were doing here.我想知道他去哪里了。 8.I really enjoyed walking around the town. 我真的很喜歡在鎮(zhèn)上到處走走。 （P5）1）enjoy及物動詞，意為“喜愛；欣賞；享受的樂趣”，其后接名詞，代詞或動名詞作賓語。 a. Do you enjoy your job? 你喜歡你的工作嗎？ b. I enjoy read

23、ing books. 我喜歡讀書。(enjoy doing sth.喜歡做某事) 拓展： enjoy oneself =have a good time = have fun 玩得開心 （+ doing sth.） 2）walk around 意為“四處走走”。Hes just walking around the village.他只是在村莊里隨便走走。9. What a difference a day makes! 一天的變化有多大呀！ （P5）difference可數(shù)名詞，意為“差別，差異” ；其形容詞形式為different，意為“不同的；有差異的”。Eg: a. What is t

24、he difference between this book and that book?b. My schoolbag is different from yours. ( be different from 意為“與不同”)10. We wanted to walk up to the top , but then it started raining a little so we decided to take the train.（P5）1）want to do sth. 意為“想要做某事”。2）start doing sth. 意為“開始做某事”，同義短語：start to do

25、sth.Eg: Tom started learning English last year. 3）a little 意為“一點(diǎn)兒”，在句中修飾動詞、形容詞或副詞。也可以修飾不可數(shù)名詞。Eg: a. I can draw a little, but only as a hobby. _b. Its a little cold outside. _c. He can speak a little English. _ 4) take the train意為“乘火車”，take在此意為“乘坐”。11.We waited over an hour for the train because ther

26、e were too many people. 因為人太多，所以我們等了一個多小時的火車。（P5）1）wait for意為“等候”，其后可接人或物。Tom was waiting for a bus over there.2）over介詞，意為“多于；超過” ，相當(dāng)于more than。Eg : My father is over 40 years old. There are over eight hundred students in our school. 3) too many意為“太多”，其后接可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)。 He always has too many questions to a

27、sk me.辨析：too many + 可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù) 意為“太多. ”too much + 不可數(shù)名詞 意為“太多. ”much too + 形容詞 意為“太. ”eg：I have homework to do today. 12.And because of the bad weather, we couldnt see anything below.而且因為壞天氣，我們也沒能看到下面的任何景色（P5）辨析：because of與because a. because of意為“因為，由于”，后可接名詞、代詞或動名詞，不能接句子。He lost his job because of his

28、age. b. because意為“因為”，引導(dǎo)狀語從句，即接句子。I didnt buy the shirt because it was too expensive.13. My father didnt bring enough money 我爸爸沒帶足夠的錢（P5）1）辨析：bring與take bring意為“帶來；拿來”， 指從別處帶到說話者所在地。take意為“拿走；帶走”， 指從說話者所在地帶到別處去。2）enough 意為“足夠的，充分的”1.用來修飾形容詞或副詞，一般置于被修飾詞之后。2.用來修飾名詞時可放在形容詞前面或后面。Eg：a. We have enough tim

29、e to do our homework. b. The box is big enough.14. because we forgot to bring an umbrella 因為我們忘了帶雨傘。（P6） 辨析：forget to do sth.與forget doing sth. forget to do sth. 意為“忘記要做某事（事情還沒做）” eg: Dont forget to close the window. forget doing sth. 意為“忘記做過某事（事情已經(jīng)做過了）” eg: I forget closing the window. 15. About on

30、e hour later, we stopped and drank some tea. 大約一小時后，我們停下來喝了些茶。（P6）1）one hour later 一小時后 ； 一小時前_2）stop動詞，意為“停止；中斷”，過去式_，現(xiàn)在分詞_；3）drink及物動詞，意為“喝；飲”； 還可以作名詞，意為“飲料”。16. Did you dislike anything? 你不喜歡什么東西嗎？（P7） dislike意為“不喜歡；厭惡”，其后可接名詞、代詞或動名詞形式作賓語。Eg：a. Mary _ the hamburgers. 瑪麗不喜歡漢堡包。 b. I _ _ computer 我

31、不喜歡玩電腦游戲。17. Why not? 為什么不帶呀？（P8） why not意為“為什么不呢”，一般用在疑問句中，表示提建議；why not后面需跟動詞原形。注：“Why not + 動詞原形?” 相當(dāng)于“Why dont you+ 動詞原形?” a. Why not go to the party with me? =Why dont you go to the party with me?為什么不和我一起去參加聚會呢？ b._ _ take a walk? = _ _ _ take a walk? 為什么不去散步呢？18.Everyone in our class took a ba

32、g with some food and water. 我們班上的每一個人都隨身帶了裝有食物和水的提袋。（P8） with介詞，意為“具有；帶有”。 此處介詞短語with some food and water作bag的后置定語。 拓展：with作介詞時的其他用法：a.“和一起 I often go to school _ my friend. 我經(jīng)常和朋友們一起去上學(xué)。b. 以（手段、材料），用（工具）， Cut the apple with a knife. 用刀切蘋果。19. My legs were so tired that I wanted to stop. 我的雙腿太累了以至于我

33、都想停下來。（P8） sothat / suchthat（如此以致）引導(dǎo)的結(jié)果狀語從句 so+adj./adv.+that Eg：1. He is _lovely a boy_we love him very much.A.very, that B.too, to C.as, as D.so, that2. The little boy is so young that he cant go to school. _20. 常用的感嘆句的結(jié)構(gòu)：1）What +adj.+ 復(fù)數(shù)名詞 / 不可數(shù)名詞+主語+謂語！ 2）What +a/an+adj.+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)+主語+謂語！3）How +adj.

34、 +a/an+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)+主語+謂語！ 4）How+adj./adv. +主語+謂語！ eg: 1.What an interesting book it is! = How interesting a book is! 那本書多么有趣啊！ 2._a clever girl she is! A.Who B.What C.How D.Where3. _clever a girl she is! A.Who B.What C.How D.Where4._important jobs they have done! A.What B.Who C.How D.Where5._sweet water

35、it is! A.Who B.What C.Where D. How6._interesting the dog is! A.Who B.What C. Where D. How21. My classmates told me to keep going, so I went on. 我的同學(xué)告訴我堅持往前走，因此我便繼續(xù)前進(jìn)了（P8）1）tell sb. (not)to do sth. 意為“告訴某人（不要）做某事。 The teacher _ _ _ _ the window just now. 老師剛才告訴我們擦窗戶。2）keep doing sth. 意為“繼續(xù)做某事，一直做某事”。

36、She_ _ TV for two hours last night. 昨晚她持續(xù)看了兩個小時的電視。23. Everyone jumped up and down in excitement. 大家都興奮地跳起來。（P8）up and down 意為“上上下下；來來回回”，在句中作狀語。 Eg：They looked me _ _ _. 他們上上下下打量我。 He walks_ _ _ in the room. 他在房間里來回走動。語法練習(xí)一、單選題( )1.-Do you have_to say for yourself? -No,I have_to say. A.something;ev

37、erything B.nothing;something C.everything;anything D.anything;nothing( )2.Paul and I_tennis yesterday. He did much better than I. A.play B.will play C.played D.are playing( )3.He went into his room and _to work. A.begins B.began C.beginning D.to begin ( )4.I dont want to go to the museum, its too_.

38、A. relaxing B. boring C. bored D.beautiful ( )5.I didnt go to the mountains _the bad weather. A.so B.because of C.because D.but( )6.Do you enjoy_photos? A.to take B.take C.taking D.takes( )7.Yesterday afternoon, we_to the park. A.went B.go C.goes D.goed( )8.Its cold, so we decided_at home. A.stay B.

39、to stay C.staying D.stayed( )9.Dont forget_your homework tomorrow. A.bring B.to bring C.brought D.bringing( )10.She didnt_me about it. A.told B.tell C.telling D.tells二、句型轉(zhuǎn)換1.I did my homework yesterday. (改為否定句) I _ _ my homework yesterday.2.She went to New York on vacation. (就劃線部分提問) _did she _ on v

40、acation?3.Vera visited the Great Wall last Sunday. (改為一般疑問句) _ Vera _ the Great Wall last Sunday?4.He was at home this time yesterday. (改為一般疑問句) _ he at home this time yesterday?5.The students had fun in the park.(改為同義句) The students_ _ _ _ in the park. 6. Lucy did her homework yesterday evening. (改

41、為否定句)Lucy _ _ _ homework yesterday evening.7. Jim went to the beach last Sunday. (對畫線部分提問) _ _ Jim _ last Sunday?8. They played basketball yesterday. (對畫線部分提問) _ _ they play basketball?三.用所給動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。 1. Tom and Mary _ (come) to China last month.2. My daughter _ (not go) to school yesterday. 3. _ sh

42、e _ (practice) her guitar yesterday? No, she _.4. There _ (be) three trees around my house last year. 5. What _ you _ (do) last weekend? I _ (study) math on Saturday.單元練習(xí)題一、寫出下列動詞的過去式1. stay_ 2. study_ 3. stop_ 4. decide_ 5. write_6. feel_ 7. has_ 8. find_ 9. come_ 10. are_二、寫出下列動詞的原形1. went_ 2. spent_ 3. played_ 4. called_ 5. wore_6. bought_ 7. sold_ 8. enjoyed_ 9. got_ 10. ran_三、選擇填空( )1. How _you _your summer vacation? I visited Xian.A. do，spend B. did，spend C. did，spent (