工程英語-現(xiàn)場常見詞匯

1、.Owner/Client/Customer/Company 業(yè)主Buyer 買方Seller/vendor 賣方Licensor 專利商Licensee 專利受讓方Third party 第三方Patent 專利Property/proprietory technology 專利技術(shù)Know-how 專有技術(shù)/知識Contractor 承包商Subcontractor分包商Supplier 供貨商Sub-supplier 分供商Manufacturer 制造廠家Limited liability 有限責(zé)任Joint venture 合資企業(yè)Foreign-funded enterprise

2、外商獨(dú)資企業(yè)Chairman 董事長Board of director 董事會President/ General manager 總經(jīng)理Legal representative 法人Authorized representative 授權(quán)代表Power of attorney 委托書Signature 簽字Official seal公章SEI-Sinopec Engineering Incorporated 中國石化工程建設(shè)公司SSEC-Sinopec Shanghai Engineering Company 中國石化上海工程公司SNEC-Sinopec Ningbo Engineering

3、 Company 中國石化寧波工程公司TCC-Tianchen Chemical Engineering Company 中國天辰化學(xué)工程公司HQCEC- Huanqiu Contracting & Engineering Corp.中國寰球化學(xué)工程公司LPEC-Luoyang Petrochemical Engineering Company洛陽石油化工工程公司LDI-Sinopec Lanzhou Design Institute 中國石化蘭州設(shè)計(jì)院Chengda Chemical Engineering Company 中國成達(dá)化學(xué)工程公司Hualu Engineering Co

4、mpany中國華陸工程公司Aker Kvaerner 克瓦納（英）Bechtel 柏克德 （美）AMEC 阿美科 （英）Fluor 福陸 （美）Foster Wheeler 福斯特惠勒 （美）Technip 德西尼布（法）TR-Técnicas Reunidas聯(lián)合技術(shù)公司 （西班牙）JGC 日暉 （日）Toyo 東洋 （日）ABB Lummus ABB魯瑪斯 （美）SINOPEC 中石化CNOOC中海油PETROCHINA 中石油EXXONMOBIL ?？松梨?（美）SHELL 英荷殼牌 BP 英國石油 （英）BASF 巴斯夫 （德）Chevron 雪佛龍 （美）Dow Chem

5、ical 陶氏化學(xué) （美）Sumitomo 住友 （日）Saudi Aramco 沙特阿美 （沙特）UOP 環(huán)球油品公司（美）Project/Work項(xiàng)目/工程Rabigh Development Project 拉比格煉油項(xiàng)目Location 未置/地點(diǎn)Onshore/domestic 國內(nèi)、國產(chǎn)Offshore/overseas 國外、進(jìn)口Plant 裝置Facility 設(shè)施Unit 裝置/單元Permanent/temporary work 永久工程/臨時工程Project/Plant/Job/Construction Site現(xiàn)場Battery limit 界區(qū)/紅線Fence 圍墻

6、Embankment/bund 圍堤Containment 圍護(hù)Retaining wall 擋土墻Onsite/ISBL-Inside Battery Limit 場內(nèi)Offsite/OSBL-Outside Battery Limit 場外Contract/agreement 合同/協(xié)議Memorandum of Understanding 諒解備忘錄Letter of Intent意向書Original 原件/正本Copy 復(fù)印件/副本Duplicate 一式兩份Triplicate一式三份Quadruplicate一式四份Quintuplicate一式五份Sextuplicate一式六

7、份Septuplicate一式七份Octuplicate一式八份Nonuplicate一式九份Decuplicate一式兩份Blueprint 藍(lán)圖Distribution 分發(fā)Holder 持有人Transmittal 文件傳送單Controlled copy 受控版本Uncontrolled copy 非受控版本Edition 版本Revision 版次、修訂版Terms and conditions 條款General conditions 通用條款Special conditions 特殊條款Sign/Execute/Enter into 簽署Come into force/effec

8、t生效 Effective Date 生效日期Contract term 和同期Expiration 屆滿、到期Termination 提前終止Obligation 義務(wù)Liability（債務(wù)）責(zé)任Performance 執(zhí)行、業(yè)績Breach 違約Default 失職Negligence 疏怠職責(zé)Remedy 救濟(jì)、補(bǔ)救Compensation 補(bǔ)償Performance guarantee 性能保證Waiver 放棄/棄權(quán)Severability 可分割性Modification/Change/Variation/Change Order 變更/變更單Amendment 修訂Supple

9、ment/Addition/Addendum增加/增補(bǔ)Deletion刪除Governing law 管轄法律Assignment/transfer 轉(zhuǎn)讓Insurance 保險Workers compensation 工傷責(zé)任險Employers liability 雇主責(zé)任險All-loss liability 一切損失險Policy保單Insurance certificate 保險證書/憑證QA-Quality Assurance質(zhì)保QC/Quality Control 質(zhì)控Procurement and supply 采購供應(yīng)Schedule and progress control

10、 工期與進(jìn)度控制Reporting 報告Acceptance 驗(yàn)收Spare part 備件Rework 返工Repair 修補(bǔ)/修復(fù)/修理Replacement 更換Substitute 替換/代用Warranty Period 保質(zhì)期Claim 索賠HSE-Health, Safety and Environmental 健康、安全與環(huán)境HSSE- Health, Safety, Security & Environmental 健康、安全與環(huán)境Taxes 稅款Liquidated damages 違約賠償Invoice 發(fā)票Payment 付款I(lǐng)ntellectual prope

11、rty right 知識產(chǎn)權(quán)Confidentiality Disclosure 披露Prior oral/written consent 事先口頭/書面同意Publication 公開/宣傳Suspension 停工Take-over/hand-over 交工Force Majeure 不可抗力Lien 留置（權(quán)）Withhold/retention 扣繳款Dispute resolution 爭議解決Arbitration 仲裁Notice 通知Courier 快遞DHL/FedExpress/ UPS/TNT 敦豪（德）/聯(lián)邦快遞（美）/環(huán)球快遞（美）/荷蘭郵政快遞（荷蘭）/EMS中國郵

12、政特快專遞Subcontract 分包/分包合同Specification 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)、規(guī)范Code/norm 規(guī)范Standard/criterion 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)Reference 參考文件Definition （術(shù)語）定義Manufacturers Instruction/Recommendations 制造廠家說明/建議Operation & Maintenance Manual 操作維修手冊ISO-國際標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化組織GB-中國國標(biāo)ANSI-American National Standard Institute 美國國家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)BS-英國國家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)AFNOR-法國標(biāo)準(zhǔn)JIS-日本工業(yè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)DIN-德國

13、工業(yè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)ASME-美國機(jī)械工程師學(xué)會ASTM-美國材料試驗(yàn)學(xué)會API-美國石油學(xué)會EPC-Engineering, Procurement and Construction工程設(shè)計(jì)、采購與施工EP-Engineering and Procurement 工程設(shè)計(jì)與采購PMC-Project Management Contractor 項(xiàng)目管理承包商CM-Construction Management 施工管理CS-Construction Supervision監(jiān)理C-Construction 施工Turnkey 交鑰匙Contract price 合同價款Settlement/Account

14、ing結(jié)算Lump sum price 總包價Fixed price 固定價Reimbursable price 補(bǔ)償價Unit rate 單價ITB-Invitation to Bid 招標(biāo)文件RFP-Request for Proposal 招標(biāo)文件RFQ-Request for Quotation 詢價文件Appendix/Annex/Attachment/Exhibit/Schedule 附錄/附表BOQ-Bill of Quantity 工程量表MTO-Material Takeoff 料表Tender/Bidder 招標(biāo)人/投標(biāo)人Inquiry 詢價Proposal 標(biāo)書Techn

15、ical proposal 技術(shù)標(biāo)Commercial proposal 商務(wù)標(biāo)Total 合計(jì)Subtotal 小計(jì)Grand total 總計(jì)Deviation/Exception 偏差/例外Closing date 截標(biāo)日期Evaluation 評標(biāo)Contract award 合同授予Successful bidder 中標(biāo)人Negotiation 談判Site visit 現(xiàn)場參觀/勘查Visitor 來訪人員 Pass/badge/ID Card通行證/胸牌/FEED-Front End Engineering Design 前端工程設(shè)計(jì)FEL-Front End Loading

16、擴(kuò)初設(shè)計(jì)Basic design 基本設(shè)計(jì)Detail design 詳細(xì)設(shè)計(jì)PDP-Process Design Package 工藝設(shè)計(jì)包BDP-Basic Design Package 基礎(chǔ)設(shè)計(jì)包General layout/arrangement/Plot plan總平面布置Title block標(biāo)題欄Scale比例尺/刻度/地磅Legend 圖例Plan 平面圖Elevation 立視圖/標(biāo)高Section 剖面圖View 視圖Detail 詳圖Typical 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)圖Sketch 草圖、簡圖Shop drawing 車間制造詳圖P&ID-Piping & Instru

17、ment Diagram 管道儀表流程圖Isometric drawing （管道）單線圖Hook-up 接線圖Flow sheet/diagram/chart 流程圖Issued for ITB 用于招標(biāo)Issued for Review/Approval 用于審核/批準(zhǔn)Issued for Comments 用于征求意見Approved for construction 批準(zhǔn)用于施工Temporary facilities/utilities 臨時設(shè)施/公用設(shè)施Deliverable交付文件/交付項(xiàng)Organization 組織機(jī)構(gòu)Organization chart 組織機(jī)構(gòu)圖Respo

18、nsibility matrix 責(zé)任矩陣Key personnel 關(guān)鍵人員Resume/CV 簡歷Proposed position 擬推薦職位Name Sex 性別Nationality國籍/民族Date of birth 出生日期Place of birth 出生地Address地址Education 教育/學(xué)歷Work experience 工作經(jīng)歷FCC-No.4 construction company SINOPEC/Fluid Catalytic Cracking 中國石化集團(tuán)第四建設(shè)公司/流化催化裂化Project management team 項(xiàng)目部IPMT-Integ

19、rated Project Management Team 一體化項(xiàng)目管理部Functional department 職能部門Project Manager/Director 項(xiàng)目經(jīng)理/主任Deputy Project Manager 項(xiàng)目副經(jīng)理Chief Engineer總工程師Administrative Department/division 行政部Construction Department/Division 施工部Project Control Department/Division 項(xiàng)目控制部Supply & Procurement Department/Divisio

20、n 采購供應(yīng)部Quality Department 質(zhì)量部HSE Department 安全部Financial Department 財(cái)務(wù)部HR-Human resources 人力資源Job team 施工隊(duì)Foreman 工長/班長Technical title 技術(shù)職稱Senior engineer 高工Engineer 工程師Assistant engineer 助工Trainee 實(shí)習(xí)生Employee/Staff member 員工Technical supervisor 施工員Direct manpower 直接人工Indirect manpower 間接人工Manhour人工

21、時Craftsman 技工Craft/trade 工種Skilled worker 熟練工人Helper 力工Carpenter 木工Rebar fitter 鋼筋工Pipe fitter 管工Bricklayer 瓦工Concrete worker 混凝土工Surveyor 測量員Scaffolder 架子工Welder 焊工Mechanical operator 機(jī)械操作人員Iron worker 鉚工Rigger 起重工Locksmith/riveter/mechanic 鉗工NDT worker 探傷工Painter 油漆工Insulator 保溫工Material handler 材

22、料搬運(yùn)工Electrician 電工Instrument worker儀表工Overhead 一般管理費(fèi)用Profit 利潤Income tax 所得稅Work Execution Plan 施工組織設(shè)計(jì)/項(xiàng)目執(zhí)行計(jì)劃Statement of Methodology 施工方案Procedure 規(guī)程、程序Plan 計(jì)劃、方案Submittal 遞交（文件）Review 審核Approval 批準(zhǔn)Preparation/development 編制Index / Table of Contents 目錄Commencement 開工Kick-off meeting 開工會Groundbreaki

23、ng ceremony 動工儀式Survey 勘查Bench marks 基準(zhǔn)點(diǎn)Mobilization 進(jìn)場Demobilization 出場Construction equipment 施工設(shè)備Manpower Histogram人工直方圖Construction schedule 施工進(jìn)度計(jì)劃Barchart schedule 橫道圖Network schedule 網(wǎng)絡(luò)圖Critical path 關(guān)鍵路徑、統(tǒng)籌法Milestone dates 里程碑/關(guān)鍵控制點(diǎn)日期Activities 作業(yè)活動Early start 開工日期Early finish 完工日期Duration 工期T

24、arget/objective 目標(biāo)Primavera Project Planer-P3Monthly/weekly report 月報/日報Statistics 統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)Float 浮點(diǎn)、時間差Master/Level 1,2,3,4 schedule 總體/一、二、三、四級進(jìn)度計(jì)劃Look-ahead schedule 滾動計(jì)劃Progress 進(jìn)度S curve 進(jìn)度曲線Planned/Actual/Forecast 計(jì)劃/實(shí)際/預(yù)計(jì)Cut-off date 截止日期Weighting point 加權(quán)點(diǎn)Status 狀態(tài)Update 更新WBS-Work Breakdown Syst

25、em 工程分解系統(tǒng)CBS-Cost Breakdown System 費(fèi)用分解系統(tǒng)Progress measurement 進(jìn)度測量Coordination 協(xié)調(diào)/調(diào)度Liaison/Contact 聯(lián)系人 Recovery 趕工Acceleration 加快進(jìn)度Shift work 倒班Daytime shift 白班Nighttime shift夜班Shift leader 值班長Off duty歇班DST-Daylight saving time 夏時制Mechanical completion 機(jī)械完工Interim completion 中間完工Substantial complet

26、ion 大致完工Final acceptance certificate 最終驗(yàn)收證書Punch list/outstanding/Punch-off/closing 尾項(xiàng)/收尾System handover 系統(tǒng)交工Beneficial occupancy 提前占用Handover documentation 交工資料Dossier/archives 檔案As-built drawing with marks-up 竣工圖Prefabrication 預(yù)制Installation/erection 安裝Mechanical completion 機(jī)械完工System handover 系統(tǒng)交

27、工Final acceptance 最終驗(yàn)收Checklist 檢查清單Release 放行Precommissioning 預(yù)試車Commissioning 投料試車Commissioning guarantee 保鏢Start-up 開車RFSUReady for Startup作好開車裝備Put into operation 投運(yùn)Discipline/specialty 專業(yè)Civil 土建Structural Steel 鋼結(jié)構(gòu)Piping 管道Long haul piping長輸管道Mechanical 機(jī)械Rotating equipment 動設(shè)備Static equipment

28、 靜設(shè)備Electrical 電氣Instrumentation 儀表Lifting 吊裝Heavy lifting 大型吊裝Painting 油漆Lining 襯里Insulation 保溫Utility 公用設(shè)施Tie-in 接點(diǎn)Fluid 流體介質(zhì)/物料Plant air 裝置/工廠風(fēng)Instrument air 儀表風(fēng)Compressed air 壓縮空氣ASU-Air Separation Unit空分裝置Inert gas惰性氣體Argon 氬氣Oxygen 氧氣Hydrogen氫氣Nitrogen 氮?dú)釴atural gas 天然氣LNG 液化天然氣Petroleum gas 石

29、油氣LPG 液化石油氣LIN 液氮LOX液氧LAR液氬PSA 變壓吸附裝置Cooling water冷卻水make-up water補(bǔ)充水Potable/drinkable water飲用水fresh water 新鮮水Demineralized/soften water 脫鹽/軟化水Fire water消防水Steam 蒸氣Fuel 燃料Power 電、動力Power supply 供電Grid 電網(wǎng)Overhead cable 架空電纜Generator 發(fā)電機(jī)IGCC-integrated gasification combined cycle/cogeneration of steam

30、 and power 汽電聯(lián)產(chǎn)Blowdown排污Lube oil潤滑油Vent 排氣Drain 排水/液Petrochemical 石油化工A/V distillation unit 常壓/減壓蒸餾裝置Hydrotreater 加氫精制裝置Hydrocracker 加氫裂化裝置Cracker 裂解裝置LOP乙烯裂解裝置/低烯烴裝置Delay Coker 延遲焦化裝置Desulphurization unit 脫硫裝置Sulphur recovery unit 硫磺回收裝置Sour water stripping unit 酸水汽提裝置PX/Aromatics plant芳烴裝置Ethylen

31、e 乙烯裝置EO/EG環(huán)氧乙烷/乙二醇PE/PP/PS聚乙烯/聚丙烯/聚苯乙烯 Polyester聚酯Crude oil 原油Naphtha 石腦油Gasoline 汽油Diesel 柴油Kerosene 煤油Jet kerosene 航空煤油Residue 渣油Slop 污油Terminal 接收站Jetty 碼頭Tank farm罐區(qū)Storage tank 儲罐Loading arm 鶴臂Berth 泊位Mooring 停泊處Dolphin 系船樁PPE-Personal Protective Equipment勞保用品/設(shè)備Hard hat 安全帽Safety glasses/gogg

32、les 安全眼鏡/護(hù)目鏡Safety boots 安全鞋Hearing protection 聽力保護(hù)Safety belt/harness 安全帶/安全肩帶Potential hazard 隱患Hazard identification 危害識別Risk assessment 風(fēng)險評估Mitigation 降低Elimination 消除HAZOP 危害與可操作性分析Tripping hazard 絆倒危害Falling hazard 墜落危害Safety induction/education/training 入場教育/培訓(xùn)Toolbox meeting 工前安全會Briefing 交底

33、Lost-time accident 損失工時事故Reportable accident可上報事故Nearmiss 未遂事件Accident investigation 事故原因調(diào)查Major accident 重大事故Death/injury/casualty/fatality 死亡/傷害/傷亡/死亡Act of God 天災(zāi)Disciplinary action 處罰Emergency response 應(yīng)急響應(yīng)Evacuation 疏散Muster point 集合點(diǎn)Permit to work 作業(yè)許可證Confined space entry 受限空間進(jìn)入Work at height

34、s 高空作業(yè)Scaffolding 架設(shè)Lifeline 救生繩/索Free-issued material 甲供材料Material requisition請購單Purchase specification 采購說明書Place an order定購Transportation/transfer/shipment運(yùn)輸Handling倒運(yùn)/搬運(yùn)Transfer tank farm 中轉(zhuǎn)油庫Tank truck 槽車Railway car鐵路貨車/車皮Vessel/carrier 運(yùn)輸船Loading裝車/裝船Unloading 卸車/卸船Packing list 裝箱單Bill of Ladi

35、ng 提單Delivery 到貨Receiving inspection 到貨驗(yàn)收Unpacking inspection開箱檢查Commodity inspection 商檢Ex-factory inspection 出廠檢查Appearance inspection 外觀檢查PMT-Positive Material Identification材料合金鑒定Mechanical properties 機(jī)械性能Chemical composition 化學(xué)組分Content 含量/內(nèi)容Tolerance /Allowable deviation 公差/允許偏差Geometric dimens

36、ions 幾何尺寸Nonconformity 不一致品/處Reject 拒收、不合格品Acceptable 合格Unacceptable 不合格Hold 待定Use as it 回用Shortage 短缺O(jiān)verage 溢出Damage/loss 損害/損失Inventory 存貨Warehouse-in 入庫Warehouse-out 出庫Heat No.爐號Lot No. 批次Warehouse keeper 保管員Storage 存儲Desiccants干燥劑Preservatives 防腐劑Corrosion inhibitor 緩蝕劑 Maintenance 維護(hù)Laydown 堆放

37、場Prefabrication yard/shop預(yù)制場/廠Withdrawal領(lǐng)料Issue 發(fā)放Return 退庫Identification marks 標(biāo)識Cutting切割Transfer 移植Traceability 可追蹤性Surplus 剩余材料Bulk material大宗材料Ignition source點(diǎn)火源Inflammable material可燃材料Combustible material易燃材料Hazardous chemical 有害化學(xué)品Flash point 閃點(diǎn)Open flames 明火Flame/spark arrester 阻火塞Civil work

38、s 土建工程Site preparation 現(xiàn)場處理Leveling 平整Earthwork土方工程Excavation 開挖Trench/pit/sump 溝/井Spoil廢土Backfill 回填Compaction 夯實(shí)Slope 邊坡Slope protection 護(hù)坡Shoring 支護(hù)Dewatering 排水Water Supply and Drainage system供排水系統(tǒng)underground services 地下公用設(shè)施Concrete 混凝土Coarse/fine aggregate 粗/細(xì)骨料Portland cement 普通硅酸鹽水泥Sand 沙子Fla

39、sh ash 粉煤灰Admixture 混合物Mix ratio 配合比Ready mix 商品混凝土Batch plant 攪拌站Agitator 攪拌機(jī)Vibrator 振搗機(jī)Reinforced concrete 鋼筋混凝土Rebar 鋼筋Construction joint 施工縫Expansion joint 膨脹縫/節(jié)Water stop 止水帶Vapor barrier/ Damp proof course 防潮層Pouring/Casting 澆注Curing 養(yǎng)護(hù)Finishing抹面Setting 硬化Slump 塌落度Compressive strength 抗壓強(qiáng)度Cr

40、ushing strength 耐壓強(qiáng)度Tensile strength 拉伸強(qiáng)度Formwork 模板Stripping脫膜Embedded items 預(yù)埋件Wire mesh 鋼絲網(wǎng)Foundation/Footing 基礎(chǔ)Anchor bolt 地腳螺栓High strength bolt 高強(qiáng)螺栓Nut 螺母Stud 雙頭螺柱Tighten 緊固Torque wrench 轉(zhuǎn)矩扳手Pile 樁Pile cap 樁帽/承臺Prestressed pile 預(yù)應(yīng)力樁Bored pile 鉆孔樁Precast pile 預(yù)制樁Cast-in-situ pile 現(xiàn)場澆注樁Pile driv

41、er 打樁機(jī)Pile tip樁頭Carrying/bearing capability 承載能力Settlement 沉降Reinforcing cage 鋼筋籠Base plate 底板Gravel fill 礫石墊層Floor slab 底板Saddle 鞍座Grout 灌漿Mortar 砂漿Non-shrink motar不收縮砂漿Shim 墊鐵Wedge 斜墊鐵Flat strap 扁平鋼Tack weld 點(diǎn)焊Waterproof layer 防水層Road 道路Pavement 鋪面Vertical arrangement 豎向Bed course 基層Subgrade 路基Cur

42、b 路緣石Hard/clay shoulder 硬/軟路肩Side ditch 邊溝Catch basin 雨水口Side slope 邊坡Greening 綠化Sidewalk 人行道Motor vehicle lane 機(jī)動車道Non-motor vehicle lane 非機(jī)動車道Speed limit 限速Crushed stone 碎石Gravel 礫石Parking lot 停車場Building 建筑Control room 中控室MCC-Motor Control Center馬達(dá)控制中心Substation 變電站Standby diesel generator 備用柴油發(fā)電

43、機(jī)Transformer 變壓器Compressor house壓縮機(jī)房Pump station 泵站FAR-Field Auxiliary Room現(xiàn)場輔助間Warehouse 庫房Administrative building 行政樓Laboratory 實(shí)驗(yàn)室Fire station 消防站Guard room 門衛(wèi)室Roof 頂Wall 墻、壁板Floor 地板Apron 散水Plaster 抹灰Mastic 瑪蹄脂、膠泥Door 門Window窗Parapet wall 女兒墻Skylight 天窗Downspout 雨水管Floor drain地漏Emission 排放Enviro

44、nmental pollution 環(huán)境污染Foreign matters 異物Contaminated water 污染水Industrial wastewater 工業(yè)廢水Sanitary sewage 生活污水HVAC 暖通空調(diào)Waste water treatment plant污水處理站Oily sewer 含油污水Clean sewer 清潔污水Rainwater/Stormwater sewer 雨水排污Septic tank化糞池Fire hydrant 消防栓Fire water monitor 消防水炮Fire alarm 火警Warning sign 警示標(biāo)牌Barric

45、ade/barrier 隔離Danger, Keep out 危險，請勿入內(nèi)No smoking 禁止吸煙Mind your step 注意腳下No admittance /No entry禁止入內(nèi)Authorized personnel only/staff only 無關(guān)人員，不得入內(nèi)Keep off the grass/lawn 請勿踐踏草坪Fire extinguisher 滅火器Structural steel 鋼結(jié)構(gòu)Carbon steel 碳鋼Stainless steel 不銹鋼Killed steel 鎮(zhèn)靜鋼Alloy steel 合金鋼H-beam H型鋼Shape/pro

46、file 型鋼Angle 角鋼Channel 槽鋼I-beam 工字鋼Hot-rolled 熱軋Cold formed冷成形Beam 梁Column柱Purlin檁Truss 桁架Gusset plate 角接板Member元件Stiffener 筋板Bracket托架Girt圈梁Girder 梁Vent stack 煙囪Stack shaft 煙囪筒體Flue duct 煙道Air duct 風(fēng)道Lightning arrester避雷針Platform 平臺Stair梯子/斜梯Ladder直/爬梯Grating格子板Checked plate花紋板Handrail扶欄Toeboard踢腳板

47、Deformation 變形Deflection 撓度Stability穩(wěn)定性Buckling 彎曲Levelness水平度Straightness 平直性O(shè)ut-of-roundness 橢圓度Coaxiality 同軸度Cleanliness清潔度Piping 管道Pipeline 管線Underground piping 地下管線Aboveground piping 地上管線Piperack 管廊、管架Pipe sleeper/track管墩 Main/Header 主管/總管Manifold 集合管Branch 支管Riser 上升管Downcomer 下降管Upstream上游Dow

48、nstream 下游Spool 管段Bundle 管束Hose 軟管Bend 彎管Coil盤管Cap 管帽Plug 絲堵Tracer 伴熱管Safety Shower 安全淋浴Eyewash Station 洗眼點(diǎn)Elbow 彎頭Tee 三通Cross 四通Return 回彎頭Reducer 大小頭Nipple 短節(jié)Union 活接頭Coupling 管接頭Gasket 墊片Spiral wound gasket 纏繞式墊片Washer 墊圈Flange 法蘭Blind 盲板Roughness 粗糙度Thread 螺紋 NPT 美國國家錐形管螺紋Bolt 螺栓Nut 螺母Stud 雙頭螺栓Va

49、lve 閥門Check valve止回閥Globe valve 截止閥Gate valve 閘閥Ball valve 球閥Foot valve 底閥/根部閥Plug valve 柱塞閥Butterfly valve 蝶閥Control valve 調(diào)節(jié)/控制閥Safety valve 安全閥Pressure Relief Valve 卸壓閥Trap 疏水器Strainer 粗濾器Silencer 消音器Sight Glass 視鏡Rupture Disc 爆破片Packing 填料Butt-Welded 對接焊Socket-Welded 承插焊Flanged 法蘭連接Threaded 螺紋連接

50、Expansion Joint 膨脹節(jié)Support 支架Hanger 吊架Spring hanger彈簧吊架Shoe 管托Hydrotesting 水壓試驗(yàn)Pneumatic testing 氣壓試驗(yàn)Leak test 試漏Blowing off/purging 吹掃NDE/NDT-Nondestructive Examination/Test 無損探傷RT-Radiographic Test 射線探傷PT-Dye Penetrant Test 著色滲透探傷UT-Ultrasonic Test 超聲波探傷MT-Magnetic Powder Test 磁粉探傷Visual Examinati

51、on外觀檢查Defect 缺陷Welding 焊接WPS- Welding Procedure Specification 焊接工藝說明書PQR- Procedure Qualification Record焊接工藝評定記錄WPQ-Welders Performance Qualification 焊工技能評定Weld map 焊縫布置圖Welders stamp 焊工鋼印Interval 間距/間隔Base metal 母材Weld metal 焊縫金屬Welding material/consumable 焊材Welding rod/electrode 焊條Flux焊劑Welding Wi

52、re 焊絲Drying oven （焊條）烘干箱Holding oven （焊條）恒溫箱Quiver （焊條）保溫筒Cylinder 氣瓶Torch 焊炬Weldability可焊性End preparation 開坡口Groove 坡口Heat-affected zone 熱影響區(qū)Root pass打底焊Cover pass 蓋面焊Fillet joint填角接頭Butt joint 對接接頭Socket joint承插接頭Lap joint搭接接頭Longitudinal seam 縱縫Circumferential seam 環(huán)縫transverse seam 橫縫Flat 平焊Hori

53、zontal 橫焊Vertical 立焊Overhead 仰焊Surfacing 堆焊Stringer bead直線焊道Weave bead擺動焊道Preheat 預(yù)熱PWHT-Post Weld Heat Treatment 焊后熱處理Temper 回火Anneal 退火Normalize 正火Interpass temperature 程/層間溫度Root opening 根部間隙Welding parameter 焊接參數(shù)Weldment / Workpiece 焊件Traveling speed 送絲/移動速度Weld reinforcement 焊縫余高Deformation變形Cr

54、ack 裂紋Undercut 咬邊Slag inclusion夾渣Overlap 焊瘤Lack of fusion/penetration未熔透/未焊透Porosity 氣孔Mismatch錯位Fish eye白點(diǎn)/魚眼Backgouging 清根Grinder砂輪機(jī)GMAW-Gas Metal Arc Welding 氣體保護(hù)電弧焊GTAW-Gas Tungsten Arc Welding 鎢極惰性氣體保護(hù)焊SAW-Submerged Arc Welding 埋弧焊TIG-Tungsten Inert Gas Welding氬弧焊SMAW-Shielded Metal Arc Welding 手工電弧焊