虛擬語氣與ratherthan用法

1、學(xué)習(xí)好資料歡迎下載虛擬語氣的用法一 含義：表示與事實相反或者實現(xiàn)的可能性微乎其微、幾乎為零或者表示一種堅持、命令、要求和建議或者在固定句型中等。二 分類：一般虛擬語氣和特殊虛擬語氣。三 用法：一般虛擬語氣的用法遵循的原則：對一般現(xiàn)在時虛擬用一般過去時對一般過去時虛擬用過去完成時對過去完成時虛擬用過去完成時對一般將來時虛擬用過去將來時表現(xiàn)形式：條件句中的虛擬語氣。eg:If he were indoors,he wouldn tfeel cold.wish 后所跟賓語從句中的虛擬語氣。eg:I wish I were a bird. I wish she had taken my advice.

2、would rather 后所跟賓語從句中的虛擬語氣。eg:I d rather you paid the money yourself. Id rather she hadntdone that.If only （要是 就好了；但愿）+句子中的虛擬語氣。eg:If only I were a flying bird.If only I had seen the film.If only Mr. Wang were here now,you would not be punished. as if/though ， even if/though 從句中的虛擬語氣。 （注：在 as if 引導(dǎo)的

3、從句中，如果從句所說的內(nèi)容是真實的或可能是真實的，應(yīng)用真實語氣；如果從句所說的內(nèi)容與事實相反或非真實情況，應(yīng)用虛擬語氣。）eg: He talks as if he knew all about it. Even if he were here,he couldntsolve the problem. He talks as if he were drunk.含蓄虛擬條件句：介詞短語without 、 but for、 otherwise 等可替代虛擬條件句，表達(dá)虛擬語氣。注：在對 be(am/is/are)動詞虛擬時，一律用were 來表示。eg: But for your help,we

4、couldn thave succeeded. She wasntfeeling well,otherwise she wouldn thave left the meeting so early.特殊虛擬語氣的用法遵循的原則：從句一般用（should） +v 原形來表示。表現(xiàn)形式：一堅定二命令三要求四建議，后跟特殊虛擬語氣作賓語。（注：insist如果堅持的是一種事實時，應(yīng)用真實語氣；如果堅持的是一種主張時，應(yīng)用虛擬語氣。suggest如果意為“暗示，表明”時，從句應(yīng)用真實語氣。 ）注：這些動詞所對應(yīng)的名詞形式也需用特殊虛擬語氣。另外，對應(yīng)的名詞形名詞 idea 等所構(gòu)成的從句中也應(yīng)該用虛擬

5、語氣。eg: He insisted that we (should) take our teacher s advice. The manager demanded that Tom (should) finish it in a week. I suggest that you (should) have enough sleep. My idea is that we (should) have a meeting to discuss it together.學(xué)習(xí)好資料歡迎下載 Our decision is that the meeting (should) be put off.在

6、句型“It s important/necessary/essential/vital/proper/right/impossible/strange/natural/a pity/a shame/asurprise/an honor+that 從句?！敝?， that 從句要用特殊虛擬語氣。eg:It s very important that we (should) think before we decide.但在句型“ It s strange(surprising/unthinkable,etc) +that 從句”中， should 常譯為“竟然” ，表示一種不可思議的狀況。eg:I

7、t s surprising that you (should) waste so much time.虛擬語氣的特殊用法在“ It s (high)time+that 從句”中， that 從句可用一般虛擬語氣或特殊虛擬語氣（should 不可?。咄瑫r出現(xiàn)時，一般虛擬語氣優(yōu)先使用。eg:It s (high)time that he got rid of his bad habit.if 在虛擬條件句中的倒裝。eg:If he came tomorrow,I would tell you as soon as possible.=If he should come tomorrow,

8、I would tell you as soon as possible.=Should he come tomorrow,I would tell you as soon as possible.=If he were to come tomorrow,I would tell you as soon as possible.=Were he to come tomorrow,I would tell you as soon as possible.在 in case that (以免，免得 ),lest( 唯恐，免得 ),for fear that ,in order that,so th

9、at 等引導(dǎo)的目的狀語從句中， that 從句要用情態(tài)動詞(could/might/would/should)+V原形 ,表示虛擬?；旌咸摂M條件句：當(dāng)條件從句與主句所表示的時間并不一致，變?yōu)樘摂M語氣時，可根據(jù)它們各自的時態(tài)進(jìn)行變化。eg:If I had married her,I would be happy now. If you had taken my advice then,you wouldn tbe in trouble now. Bring some more money in case you (should) use it later. had hoped/planned/

10、wanted/expected to do “本希望 /計劃 /想要 /期望 ”，可表示過去未曾實現(xiàn)的愿望或打算。eg:I had hoped to take his advice.But I didn t. The boy had meant to come in, but the teacher refused him.在句式“主句主語+vt+that+ 從句主語 +(should) do. ”其中主句謂語動詞主語urge(極力主張 ),prefer( 寧愿),desire(請求 ),maintain( 主張 ),direct( 指導(dǎo) ) 及以上這些動詞所對應(yīng)的其他形式要用虛擬語氣。eg:

11、She preferred that nobody should come to see her.1He suggested that the meeting _ put off.A. not beB. should notC. wouldn tD. be not2What would have happened if you _ her child?A. hadn t helpedB. couldn t helpC. wouldn t helpD. didn t help3It is strange that he _ so.A. thinksB. thinkC. thoughtD. wil

12、l think4If I _ with her last summer, I _ with her now.A. workedam getting on very wellB. had workedwould get on very wellC. had workedwould have got on very well D. had workedwill get on very well5I wish I _ my uncle yesterday.A. metB. have metC. would meetD. had met6The old professor gave orders th

13、at the experiment _ before 6.A. was finishedB. will finishC. be finishedD. shall be finished學(xué)習(xí)好資料歡迎下載7 It s high time hehome.A. goesB. wentC. will goD. is going to go8 _ you succeed and _ you be healthy.A. May mayB. WishwishC. Hope hopeD. Shouldmay9 Galileo insisted that the earth _ round the sun.A.

14、 should moveB. moveC. movesD.A or B10I was very busy yesterday, otherwise I _ to the meeting.A. cameB. would comeC. had comeD. would have come11Supposing the weather _ bad, where would they go?A. will beB. isC. wereD. be12_ your letter, I would have started off two days ago.A. If I receivedB. Should

15、 I receiveC. If I could have receivedD. Had I received13If only I _to my parents advice!A. listeningB. listenC. am listeningD. had listened14If it _ rain next week, the farmers could still have a good harvest.A. shouldB. couldC. wouldD. might15- Why didn t you come to the party yesterday?-I _, but a

16、n unexpected visitor came to see me.A. didB. wouldC. hadD. was going to16I d rather youme the news.A. not tellB. not to tellC. didn t tellD. hadn t told17I _ to stay there for one more week, but I changed my mind.A. would have hopedB. was hopingC. had hopedD. hoped18His silence at the meeting suggested that he _ to your plan.A. shouldn t agreeB. wouldn t agreeC. hadn t agreedD. didn t agree19