托福閱讀詞匯題簡(jiǎn)單介紹

1、智課網(wǎng) TOEFL 備考資料托福閱讀詞匯題簡(jiǎn)單介紹摘要:托福閱讀詞匯題簡(jiǎn)單介紹。提到新托?？荚嚨拈喿x,學(xué)生就會(huì)叫苦連天,各種不堪:文章看不懂,時(shí) 間不夠用,題目做不對(duì)。其實(shí)很大程度上是因?yàn)樵~匯的原因。對(duì)詞匯的考核不僅在托福閱讀詞匯題目里呈現(xiàn)出 來,還在對(duì)文章閱讀理解部分中出現(xiàn)。在 托福 閱讀文章的詞匯題中被考到的單詞或短語(yǔ)會(huì)被用陰影標(biāo)識(shí)出來,要求考生確定文章中個(gè)別單詞或短語(yǔ) 的具體意思 (一個(gè)單詞可能會(huì)有很多個(gè)意思,但是在閱讀文章中只有一個(gè)意思與原文相符 。單詞的意思必須符合 原文的意思。在這里要指出的是:沒有一個(gè)必然會(huì)考到的 “ 詞匯表 ” 。通常情況下,被考到的單詞或短語(yǔ)對(duì)于理 解文章的一

2、個(gè)大的或重要部分起到至關(guān)重要的作用。在 托?？荚?的閱讀詞匯題中,不常見的,專業(yè)的或者具有 特殊意義的詞匯是有具體解釋的。托福閱讀 詞匯類問題是很容易辨認(rèn)的,問題的提問形式如下:a. The word X in the passage is closet in meaning tob. The phrase X in the passage is closest in meaningc. In stating X, the author means that那么,該如何答題:1. 在文章中定位到陰影標(biāo)識(shí)的單詞或短語(yǔ)。2. 仔細(xì)閱讀該詞或短語(yǔ)所在句子。3. 在句子中尋找可以幫助理解陰影標(biāo)識(shí)的單詞

3、或短語(yǔ)的具體意思的線索。4. 選擇答案,并將所選擇的單詞或短語(yǔ)放入原文進(jìn)行檢驗(yàn),以確認(rèn)這個(gè)句子在全文中仍是有意義的。選擇答案時(shí),不要僅僅因?yàn)槟硞€(gè)選項(xiàng)符合該單詞的某一個(gè)正確意思就將其作為正確選項(xiàng) ; 題目考察的是作者在 文章上下文中使用了那一個(gè)詞義。如何利用各種托福閱讀詞匯題線索 結(jié)構(gòu)線索 (即指明句子中各成分之間關(guān)系的特定單詞、短語(yǔ)和語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu) 1. 對(duì)比Example: OG Practice Set 5, question 6Passage 5: In this newly emerging economic order, workers sometimes organized to pro

4、tect their rights and traditional ways of life. Craftworkers such as carpenters and tailors formed unions and in 1834 individual unions came together in the National Trades Union. The labor movement gathered some momentum in the decade before the Panicof 1837, but in the depression that followed, la

5、bors strength collapsedThe phrase gathered some momentum in the passage is closest in meaning to made progress became active caused changes combined forces解析:單詞 readily 所在的文章句子中出現(xiàn)轉(zhuǎn)折詞 but, 根據(jù)文章中 but 后面的內(nèi)容我們可以得出短語(yǔ) gathered some momentum在此句中的意思為 made progress。2. 例子Example: OG Practice Set 4, question 1

6、0Passage 8: One cognitive theory suggests that aggravating and painful events trigger unpleasant feelings. These feelings in turn, can lead to aggressive action, but not automatically. Cognitive factors intervene. People decide whether they will act aggressively or not on other peoples motives. Supp

7、orting evidence comes from research showing that aggressive people often distort other peoples motives. For example, they assume that other people mean them harm when they do not.The word distort in the passage is closest in meaning to mistrust misinterpret criticize resent解析:distort 所在的文章句子后出現(xiàn) “for

8、 example”, 根據(jù) for example中的內(nèi)容,我們可以得出 distort 在此句中 的意思為 misinterpret 。3. 對(duì)文章理解的詞匯考核,代入語(yǔ)境Example: Barrons Test 1. Question8Paragraph 5: The identity of Beowulf poet is also uncertain. He apparently was a Christian who loved the pagan heroic tradition of his ancestors and blended the values of the paga

9、n hero with the Christian values of his own country and time. Because he wrote in the Anglian dialect, he probably was either a monk in a monastery or a poet in an Anglo-Saxon court located north of the Thames River.Why does the author of this passage use the word “apparently” in paragraph 5? He is not certain that the author of Beowulf was a Christian. He is mentioning facts that are obvious to the readers. He is giving an example from a historical reference. He is introducing evidence about the author of Beowulf.解析:apparent 一詞考生