初中英語(yǔ)時(shí)態(tài)講解與練習(xí)

1、v1.0可編輯可修改初中英語(yǔ)時(shí)態(tài)講解時(shí)態(tài)是英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)中一個(gè)至關(guān)重要的內(nèi)容，廣大初中學(xué)生在實(shí)際運(yùn)用時(shí)，往往對(duì)時(shí)態(tài)問題倍感棘手，下面我們就歸納復(fù)習(xí)一下這幾種時(shí)態(tài)。一、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)（一）定義表示經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作，或存在的狀態(tài)，還表示主語(yǔ)具備的性格 和能力及客觀真理。例：I get up at 6:30 in the morning .She is at home .（二）構(gòu)成主要用動(dòng)詞原形表示，當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)，在動(dòng)詞詞尾加s/es。（三）句型1 、肯定句：主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+其他。She reads English everyday .2 、否定句：主語(yǔ)+don' t/doesn '

2、 t+謂語(yǔ)+其他。He doesn ' t get up at 6:30 in the morning .3 、一般疑問句：Do/Does+主語(yǔ)+V原+其他Do you like English Yes ,I do ./No, I don' t .4 、特殊疑問句：特殊疑問詞+do/does+主語(yǔ)+V原+其他What time do you get up every morningWhere does your father work（三）用法1 、表示經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作，或存在的狀態(tài)，帶與表示頻率的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)如：often , sometimes , usually , al

3、ways , everyday year , month .）, once/twice a week （month , year , etc.） , seldom , on sundays等連用。I leave home for school at seven every morning .2 、表示客觀真理，科學(xué)事實(shí)、格言警句。The sun rises in the east .日 出東方。The earth goes around the sun .地球繞著太陽(yáng)轉(zhuǎn)。Ten minus two is eight.十減二等于八。Light travels faster than sound

4、.光的速度比聲音的速度快。The United States lies by the west coast of the Pacific Ocean.美國(guó)位于太平洋西岸。3 、根據(jù)英文語(yǔ)法規(guī)定，當(dāng)主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是一般將來時(shí)，那么時(shí)間或條件狀語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞只能用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)來表示將來要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。I'll tell him the news when he comes back.他回來時(shí)，我將告訴他這個(gè)消息。If you come this afternoon,we ' ll have a meeting .4、僅為了描述狀態(tài)、性質(zhì)、特征、能力等等。這里的目的是為了”描述現(xiàn)階段的

5、動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)"，其重點(diǎn)”不是強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間、或進(jìn)行的狀態(tài)"。例如：He can speak five foreign languages .他能說五種外語(yǔ)。That is a beautiful city .那是座美麗的城市。Changjiang River is one of the longest rivers in the world.長(zhǎng)江是世界上最長(zhǎng)的河流之一。She majors in music .她主修音樂。All my family love football .我全家人都喜歡足球。My sister is always ready to help oth

6、ers .我妹妹總是樂于助人。（四）動(dòng)詞第三人稱單數(shù)形式變化規(guī)則1 、一般情況下，動(dòng)詞后直接加-s;如：help-helps ,clean-cleans ,give-gives 等。2、以s, x, ch, sh或o結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，在詞尾加-es;如：dress-dresses,fix-fixes,watch-watches,finish-finishes等。3、以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，把y變?yōu)閕,再加-es;如：study-studies,fly-flies,carry-carries等。4、動(dòng)詞have遇在主語(yǔ)是第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)，have改為has,如：He has an interestin

7、g book .5、動(dòng)詞be遇有主語(yǔ)是第一人稱單數(shù)時(shí)，be改為ami遇有主語(yǔ)是第二人 稱時(shí)，be改為are ,遇有主語(yǔ)是第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)，be改為is一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)練習(xí)題1)用動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空l(shuí)ike(swim).(read) English every day.(go)to school at seven in the morning.(go)to school at seven in the morning.mother(like)(go) shopping.can(draw) many beautiful pictures.(make) a model plane.you(like)(run

8、)he(like)(jump)Nancy(grow)flowers on Saturdayteachers(like)(dance).teacher(like)(dance).students(speak) English in class.student(speak) Chinese after class.15. Let's and play football . ( go )16. He like swimming . ( not )17. I'm sorry that . ( hear )18. Wang Bing is( write ) an E-mail to hi

9、s friend .19. He has a headache . ( get )20. you study English at school Yes , I. ( do )21. your sister study English at school No , she. ( do )22. I'm better(feel )23. Why Tom absent today ( be )24. 所給的人稱改寫句子take photos on Sunday. ( Mike) grow beautiful flowers. (she) like collecting stamps. (B

10、en) listen to music carefully. (my aunt) like making a model ship. (Helen) clean the classroom every day. (he) look after the pandas. (Mr Wang) draw a tree and some flowers. (Nancy) go to bed at eight. ( my sister)read newspapers in the evening. (Mr Green)25. 出下列動(dòng)詞的相應(yīng)形式1. 第 三人稱 單數(shù)： wash match guesss

11、tudy finish go snow carry2. 寫出 下列動(dòng)詞的過去式： stop see drive let carry keep join findthink teach catch3. 寫出下列動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞形式：stay beginforget forget lie die run prefer give ring dance hopeII.用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空：1. I(write) to you as soon as I(get) to London.2. He doean't feel well and(not eat) any food this morni

12、ng.3. He not(see) me come in, for he(read)something with great interest.4. I (l;et) you have the book as soon as I (finish) it.5. While we(wait) for our teacher, a little boy(run) up to us.6. Don't make a niose. Grandpa(sleep).'s seven now,Tom's family(watch) TV.8. It (take) metwo hours

13、to finish my homeworklast night.9. What your mother(do) at eight yesterday evening She(wash) clothes.1.1 it(rain) when school was over yesterday11. What(do) tomorrow We(play) football.12. There(be) a football match on TV this evening.13. They said they(visit) the Great Wall the next summer holiday.1

14、4. Who(dance) the best in your class15. Willyou come if he(not come)16. The teacher told us the earth (move) round the sun. 17She(buy) a sweater yesterday.18. They(have) a party in the garden if it (not rain)tomorrow.19. I don't know if(go) to Shanghai tomorrow. If he(go), I (ask) him(take) some

15、books to mydaughter, because she(study) there.III單項(xiàng)選擇：students will go to the Summer Palace if it tomorrow.'t rain B. doesn't rain C. won't rain2. There an English film next week.A. will have B. isgoing to have C. is going to be D. was going to be3. The picture nice.lookedlooking4. She d

16、own and soon fell asleep.A. live B. lain C.laid D. lay5. They the office at nine yesterday morning.A.reached to B. arrived C. went D. get to6. We shall go to Shanghai on business before you back nextweek.A. wil come B. came C. would come D. come7. Don't smoke until the plane off.taken take8. I s

17、aw her the room this morning. enter B. entered C. enterD. entersteacher asked us to school on time. A. to come10. John is always others.A. help B.helping C. helps D. to help11. He told us at eight.A. working B.to work C. work D. worked12. You'd better at home and your homework.A. to stay, do B.

18、stay, do C. to stay, to do D. stay, to do13. He sat down a rest.A. having B.have C. to have D. had14. Uncle Wang knows a washing machine.A. how to make B. to make C. how making D. what to make15. Jim decided Polly to Ling Feng when he was back toEngland.A. to leave B. left C. leaving D. leave二、一般過去時(shí)

19、（一）結(jié)構(gòu)般過去時(shí)用動(dòng)詞的過去式表示?；窘Y(jié)構(gòu)否定句一般疑問句Be動(dòng)詞was/ were+notwas或 were 提前,放于句首行為動(dòng)詞didn ' t+do （動(dòng)詞原形）Did+主語(yǔ)+do （動(dòng)詞原形）注：在一般過去時(shí)的句子中，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞可分為兩類一類是be動(dòng)詞，其形式為was與第一、三人稱單數(shù)連用，were與第二人稱和復(fù)數(shù)人稱的主語(yǔ)連用。凡 是由be動(dòng)詞做謂語(yǔ)的句子，變否定句時(shí)，直接在其后加 not,即wasn' t或 weren' t ,變一般疑問句將was/ were放在句首，句末用問號(hào)。另一類謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞 是由行為動(dòng)詞來充當(dāng)，如 stayedwentvisited

20、等，這一類動(dòng)詞做謂語(yǔ)時(shí)，可與任何人稱連用，句子變否定時(shí)，要在主語(yǔ)后面，動(dòng)詞的前面加didn ' t ,動(dòng)詞用原形；一般疑問句是把did提到句首，動(dòng)詞用原形。I was in Shanghai last year .I wasn ' t in Shanghai last year .Was you in Shanghai last yearHe went to the park yesterday .He didn ' t go to the park yesterdayDid he go to the park yesterday（二）句式1 、肯定句：主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞過去式

21、+其他。I was in Beijing yesterday .I went to the beach yesterday .2 、否定句：主語(yǔ)+wasn t或weren' t+其他。主語(yǔ)+didn ' t + V 原+其他。I wasn' t in Beijing yesterday .I didn' t go to the beach yesterday .3 、一般疑問句：was/ were+主語(yǔ)+V原+其他Did +主語(yǔ)+V原+其他Were you in Beijing yesterdayDid you go to the beach yesterday

22、4 、特殊疑問句：特殊疑問詞+ was/ were+主語(yǔ)+其他特殊疑問詞+did+主語(yǔ)+V原+其他Where were you yesterdayWhere did yougo yesterday（三）用法1 、表示過去某一時(shí)刻或某一段時(shí)間里所發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或情況，常與明確的時(shí)問狀語(yǔ)連用，如： yesterday,last week（month , year ），ago,the other day ,just now ,at the age of ,in 1980 等連用。如：At the age of ten ,she began to learn to play the piano .2 、表

23、示過去經(jīng)常發(fā)生或反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，常與表示頻度的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。When I was a child ,I often play the football in the street .3 、在時(shí)間、條件狀語(yǔ)從句中，常用一般過去時(shí)態(tài)代替過去將來時(shí)He said he wouldn t go if it rained .（四）動(dòng)詞過去式的規(guī)則變化1） 一般情況下，在動(dòng)詞原形末尾加-ed ;如look-looked2）結(jié)尾是字母e的動(dòng)詞加-d,如practice-practiced ；3）結(jié)尾是“輔音字母+y”的動(dòng)詞，變“y”為"i”再加ed,如study studied;4）重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾

24、，雙寫動(dòng)詞尾的輔音字母，再加ed,如stop stopped。不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞表Infinitive Past tense Infinitive Pasttensecatchcaughtcomecamedodiddrawdrewdrinkdrankdrivedroveeatatefallfellam iswasarewerebeginbegunbreakbrokebringbroughtbuildbuiltbuyboughtcancould動(dòng)詞過去式的記憶口訣動(dòng)詞一般過去時(shí)，表示過去發(fā)生事；be用was或用were, have, has變had；謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞過去式，過去時(shí)間坐標(biāo)志；一般動(dòng)詞加-ed,若是

25、特殊得硬記。否定句很簡(jiǎn)單，主語(yǔ)之后didn' t添；疑問句也不難，did放在主語(yǔ)前；如果謂語(yǔ)之前有did,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞需還原；動(dòng)詞若是was, were,否定就把not 添。般過去時(shí)練習(xí)題、寫出下列動(dòng)詞的過去式1. look2. live3. stop4. carry6. trip一7. call8. finish一9. want10. are11.go12. have13. do 14. get 16. sayFill in the blanks.1.she(sing)a song last night2. -Were there any people in the room (作否定回

26、答 )-,nobody.3. -(be) they at work this morning-Yes. They(have)a meeting together.4. -Joe(do)well in the long-distance running -Yes, he.5. - Where Tina ' s Family(go)last Summer-They(go)to New York for their vacation.二、用be動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1. I an English teacher now.2. She happy yesterday.3. They glad to

27、 see each other last month.4. Helen and Nancy good friends.5. The little dog two years old this year.6. Look, there lots of grapes here.7. There a sign on the chair on Monday.8. Today the second of June. Yesterday the first of June.It Children's Day. All the students very excited.三、用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1

28、. I(watch) a cartoon on Saturday.2. Her father(read) a newspaper last night.3. We to zoo yesterday, we to the park. (go)4. you(visit) your relatives last Spring Festival5. he(fly) a kite on Sunday Yes, he.6. Gao Shan(pull) up carrots last National Day holiday.7. I (sweep) the floor yesterday, but my

29、 mother.8. What she(find) in the garden last morningShe(find) a beautiful butterfly.9. It(be) Ben's birthday last Friday10. 10. We all(have) a good time last night.11. He(jump) high on last Sports Day.12. 12. Helen(milk) a cow on Friday.13. She likes newspapers, but she a book yesterday.(read)14

30、. He football now, but they basketball just now.(play)15. Jim's mother(plant) trees just now.16. they (sweep) the floor on Sunday No, they17. I(watch) a cartoon on Monday.18. We(go) to school on Sunday.19. It(be) the 2nd of November yesterday. Mr White(go) to his office by car.20. Gao Shan(put)

31、the book on his head a moment ago.21. Don't the house. Mum it yesterday. (clean)22. What you just now I somehousework. (do)23. They(make) a kite a week ago.24. I want to apples. But mydad all of them last month.(pick)25. he the flowers this morning Yes, he. (water)26. She(be) a pretty girl.Look,

32、 she(do) Chinese dances.27. The students often (draw) somepictures in the art room. Mike do on the farm He cows. (milk)三、一般將來時(shí)（一）概念表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。There will be an English party next Saturday .We will come to see you tomorrow .（二）結(jié)構(gòu)1、由will +動(dòng)詞原形才成，其will適用于各種人稱，與主語(yǔ)連在一起時(shí)， 常常縮寫為ll o變否定句時(shí)，只需在will后加not,可

33、縮寫為won t 。在疑 問句中，will需提前，構(gòu)成will+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形的結(jié)構(gòu)。He will arrive here this evening .他今晚抵達(dá)這里。2、shall+動(dòng)詞原形（常用于主語(yǔ)為第一人稱）I shall / will not be free tomorrow .我明天沒空。3、be going to+動(dòng)詞原形（打算、準(zhǔn)備做某事）He is going to spend his holidays in London .他打算在倫敦度彳貿(mào)。（三）用法1、表示在將來某個(gè)時(shí)間將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)，常與表示將來的時(shí)問狀語(yǔ)，如：tomorrow, next day （w

34、eek, month, yearthis evening （weekend ）, in the future , in a few minutes, the day after tomorrow ,by . . , soon 等連用。I will pay a visit to Shanghai next week .,unlessI hope you won ' t be late next time .2 、當(dāng)主句為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，在以 after,when,while,as soon as ,if等引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間或條件句中，要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表將來。I ' ll do it bette

35、r if the teacher gives me another chance .般將來時(shí)練習(xí)題、單項(xiàng)選擇be)1.ThereA. willC. is going to be)2.Charliea meeting tomorrow afternoon.be going toD. will go to behere next month.B. willgoing toA. isn't workingB. doesn't workingC. isn'tgoing to workingD. won't work()3.Hevery busy this week, h

36、efree next53week.A.will be; isB. is;isC.will be; will beD. is; will be)4.Therea dolphin show in thezoo tomorrowevening.haveA. wasD. is going to be)5.youB. is going to havefree tomorrow - No. IC. willfree theday after tomorrow.A. Are; going to; willB. Are; going to be; willC. Are; going to; will beD.

37、 Are; going to be; will be()6. Motherme a nice present on my next birthday.A. will givesB. will giveC.gives(不,不要。）A. No, you won't.B. No, you aren't.C. No, pleasedon't.D. No, please.)8.-Where is the morning paperif for you at once.A. getB. amgettingC. to getD. will get)9.a concert next S

38、aturdayA.There will beB. W川 there beC.Therecan beD. There are)10. If they come, wea meeting.A. haveB. willhaveC.hadD. would have)11. Heher a beautiful hat on her next birthday.A. givesB. gaveC. willgivingD.is going to giving)12. Heto us as soon as he gets there.A. writesB. has writtenC. willD. give)

39、7.- Shall I buy a cup of tea for youwrite)13. Hein three days.A. coming backB. came backC. will comebackD. is going to coming back)14. If ittomorrow, we'll go roller-skating.A.isn't rainB. won't rainC. doesn'tD. wroterainD. doesn't fine()15. - W川 his parents go to see the Terra C

40、otta Warriorstomorrow-No, (不去).A. they willn't.B. theywon't.C. they aren't.D. they don't.( )16. Who we swimming with tomorrow afternoonA. will; goB. do; goC.will; goingD. shall; go( )17. We the work this way next time.A. doB. will doC. goingto doD. will doing( )18. Tomorrow he a kite

41、 in the open air first, and thenboating in the park.A. will fly; will goB. will fly; goes C. is going to fly;will goesD. flies; will go()19. The day after tomorrow they a volleyball match.A. will watchingB. watchesC. iswatchingD. is going to watch( )20. There a birthday party this Sunday.A. shall be

42、B. will be C.shall going to beD. will going to be( )21. They an English evening next Sunday.A. are havingB. are going to have C.will havingD. is going to have( )22.you free next SundayA. Will; areB. Will; be C.Do; beD. Are; be( )23. He there at ten tomorrow morning.A. willB. isC.will beD. be( )24. y

43、our brother a magazine from the libraryA. Are; going to borrowB. Is; going toborrowC. W川；borrowsD.Are; going to borrows ()25. - Shall I comeagain tomorrow afternoon - (好的).A. Yes, pleaseB. Yes, youwill. C. No, please.D. No, you won't.()26. It the year of the horse next year.A. is going to beB. i

44、s going toC. willbeD. will is()27.open the windowA. W川 you pleaseB. Please will you C.You pleaseD. Do you( )28. - Let's go out to play football, shall we- OK. IA. will comingB. be going tocomeC. comeD. am coming( )29. It us a long time to learn English well.A. takesB. will takeC.spendsD. will sp

45、end( )30. The train at 11.A. going to arriveB. will be arriveC. is goingtoD. is arriving二、動(dòng)詞填空1. I (leave) in a minute. I (finish ) all mywork beforeI (leave ).2. -How long you (study ) in our country- I (plan ) to be here for about one more year.- I (hope) to visit the other parts of your country.-

46、 What you (do) after you (leave ) here- I (return ) home and (get) a job.3. I (be) tired. I (go) to bed early tonight.4. Mary's birthday is next Monday, her mother(give ) her a present.5. It is very cold these days. It(snow) soon.6. -you (be) here this Saturday-No. I (visit ) my teacher.7. -I (g

47、et) you a copy of today's newspaper-Thank you.8. I am afraid there(be) a meeting this afternoon. I can'tjoin you.9. Mike(believe, not) this until he(see) it with his own eyes.10. Most of us don't think their team(win)三、用所給動(dòng)詞的一般將來時(shí)填空1. I (leave ) in a minute. I (finish ) all mywork before

48、 I (leave ).2. -How long you (study ) in our country- I (plan ) to be here for about one more year.- I (hope) to visit the other parts of your country.- What you (do) after you (leave ) here- I (return ) home and (get) a job.3. I (be) tired. I (go) to bed early tonight.4. Mary's birthday is next

49、 Monday, her mother(give ) her apresent.5. It is very cold these days. It(snow) soon.6. -you (be) here this Saturday-No. I (visit ) my teacher.7. -I (get) you a copy of today's newspaper-Thank you.8. I am afraid there(be) a meeting this afternoon. I can'tjoin you.9. Mike(believe, not) this u

50、ntil he(see) it with his own eyes.10. Most of us don't think their team(win).四、單項(xiàng)選擇1. There a meeting tomorrow afternoon.A. will be going toB. will going to beC. is going to beD. will go to be2. Charlie here next month.A. isn't workingB. doesn't workingC. isn't going to workingD. won

51、't work3. He very busy this week, he free next week.A. will be; is B. is; isC. will be; will be D.is; will be4. There a dolphin show in the zoo tomorrow evening.A. wasB. is going to haveC. will haveD. is going to be5. -you free tomorrow-No. I free the day after tomorrow.A. Are; going to; willB.

52、Are; going to be; willC. Are; going to; will beD. Are; going to be; will be6. Mother me a nice present on my next birthday.A. will gives B. will giveC. gives D. give7. - Shall I buy a cup of tea for you-.（不，不要。）A. No, you won'tB. No, you aren't.C. No, please don'tD. No, please.8. - Where

53、 is the morning paper-I if for you at once.A. getB. am gettingC. to getD. willget9. a concert next SaturdayA. There will beB. W川 there beC. There can beD. There are10. If they come, we a meeting.A. haveB. will haveC. hadD. would have11. He her a beautiful hat on her next birthday.A. givesB. gaveC. w

54、ill givingD. is goingto giving12. He to us as soon as he gets there.A. writesB. has writtenC. will writeD. wrote13. He in three days.A. coming backB. came backC. will come backD. is going to coming back14. If it tomorrow, we'll go roller-skating.A. isn't rainB. won't rainC. doesn'tra

55、in D. doesn't fine15. - Will his parents go to see the Terra Cotta Warriors tomorrow-No, （不去）.A. they willn'tB. they won't.C. they aren'tD.they don't.16. Who we swimming with tomorrow afternoonA. will; goB. do; goC. will; goingD.shall; go17. We the work this way next time.A. doB. will doC. going to doD. willdoing18. Tomorrow he a kite in the open air first, and thenboating in the park.A. will fly; will goB. will fly; goesC. is going to fly; will goesD. flies