新目標(biāo)八年級(jí)上冊(cè)英語(yǔ)知識(shí)點(diǎn)歸納

1、2015八年級(jí)上冊(cè)英語(yǔ)第二單元知識(shí)點(diǎn)歸納Unit2 How often do you exercise?重點(diǎn)詞housework家務(wù)勞動(dòng)；家務(wù)事 hardly幾乎不；幾乎沒(méi)有 ever在任何時(shí)候；從來(lái)；曾經(jīng) once一次；曾經(jīng) twice兩次；兩倍program節(jié)目 full忙的；滿的；充滿的 maybe大概；或許；可能least最?。ǖ模?；最少（的） health n.健康（adj.健康的）percent百分之 although雖然；盡管；即使 through以；憑借；穿過(guò)dentist牙科醫(yī)生 magazine（pl.magazines）雜志；期刊 however然而；不過(guò)than（用以引

2、出比較的第二個(gè)部分）比 almost幾乎；差不多 none沒(méi)有一個(gè)；毫無(wú)less較少（的）；較?。ǖ模┮?、詞組、短語(yǔ)：1、help with housework 幫助做家務(wù)活，2、go shopping 購(gòu)物，3、on weekends 在周末， 4、how often 多久一次，5、hardly ever幾乎不，6、once a week 每周一次，7、twice a month每月二次，8、go to the movies去看電影， 9、every day 每天， 10、use the Internet上網(wǎng)/用網(wǎng)，11、be free有空，12、have dance and piano l

3、essons 上舞蹈鋼琴課 ，13、swing dance搖擺舞 14、play tennis 打網(wǎng)球， 15、stay up late熬夜，睡得很晚16、at least至少， 17、go to bed early 早睡， 18、 play sports 鍛煉身體，進(jìn)行體育活動(dòng)19、be good for 對(duì)有好處，20、go camping去野營(yíng)，21、in ones free time 在某人的空閑時(shí)間，22、not.at all 根本不； 一點(diǎn)兒也不 23、the most popular 最流行； 最受歡迎的24、such as例如， 25、go to the dentist去看牙醫(yī)

4、，26、more than 超過(guò)/多于，27、Old habits die hard.舊習(xí)慣難改。 28、 hard=difficult 困難的 ， 29、less than 少于/不到二、習(xí)慣用法、搭配1. help sb. with sth 幫助某人做某事 2. How about+n./v.ing?=What about? .怎么樣？/ .好不好？3. want sb. to do sth. 想讓某人做某事 4. How many + 可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)+ 一般疑問(wèn)句 .有多少.5. 主語(yǔ)+ find+ that 從句 發(fā)現(xiàn) 6. Its + adj.+ to do sth. 做某事是.的7.

5、 spend time with sb. 和某人一起度過(guò)時(shí)光 8. ask sb. about sth. 向某人詢問(wèn)某事9. by doing sth. 通過(guò)做某事 10. Whats your favorite.? 你最喜歡的是什么？11 start doing sth. 開(kāi)始做某事 12. the best way to do sth. 做某事的最好方式13、leave for動(dòng)身去某地二、精講1How often do you exercise？你多久鍛煉一次？ 【解析】本句是含有特殊疑問(wèn)詞how often 的特殊疑問(wèn)句。how often 多久一次，用于對(duì)動(dòng)作發(fā)生的頻率進(jìn)行提問(wèn)?；卮?/p>

6、應(yīng)該是頻度副詞或表示頻率的詞組，如always，usually，often，sometimes，hardly，ever，never，every day，once a week，three times a day 等。Eg.How often do you go to the movies?你多久去看一次電影？Once a week. 一周一次。how often: 多久一次，用來(lái)提問(wèn)在某一特定時(shí)間內(nèi)進(jìn)行某個(gè)動(dòng)作的次數(shù)，答語(yǔ)有never, sometimes, often, usually, always, three times a year等。how long: 多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間， 用來(lái)對(duì)“for

7、+ 一段時(shí)間”提問(wèn)，強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)間的延續(xù)，其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)為延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞；此外，還可用于詢問(wèn)物體的長(zhǎng)度。how soon: 需要多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間，過(guò)多久才對(duì)“in+一段時(shí)間“提問(wèn)，答語(yǔ)有in a week/ month/ year等。how far：多遠(yuǎn)，用來(lái)詢問(wèn)距離，答語(yǔ)常用“數(shù)字 + miles/ kilometers”等?！窘馕?】exercise v 鍛煉 =do sports= play sports【短語(yǔ)】take /have/do exercise 做運(yùn)動(dòng) do morning exercise 做早操 do eye exercise 做眼保健操2. help with housework 幫助做家

8、務(wù) （1） help with sth. 意為“幫助做某事”拓展：help sb. with sth.= help sb. （to） do sth. 幫助某人做某事Eg: I often help him with his English.= I often help him (to) learn English. 我經(jīng)常幫他學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)。（2）housework 意為“家務(wù)勞動(dòng)”。不可數(shù)名詞。1. They have housework to do.A. many B. much3、 What do you usually do on weekends? 你在周末做什么？【解析1】頻度副詞意思頻

9、度always 總是，一直，100%usually通常，經(jīng)常90%often常常，經(jīng)常70%sometimes = at times 有時(shí)，不時(shí)40%hardly ever= almost not幾乎從不5%never 從不，決不0%【注】：頻度副詞表示多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間做某事一次，用在實(shí)義動(dòng)詞之前，系動(dòng)詞、助動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞之后。We often clean the classroom every day.【拓展】some time /sometime/some times/sometimes【口訣】：分開(kāi)是一段，合起是某時(shí)； 分開(kāi)s 是倍次，合起s是某時(shí)(1)some time一段時(shí)間，做時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)It

10、 takes sb some time to do sth 做某事花費(fèi)某人多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間(2) sometime adv 在某個(gè)時(shí)候，（ ）I hope to visit the USA _ in the future. A. sometimes B. some times C. sometime D. some time (3) some times 名詞詞組，“幾次，幾倍”(4) sometimes=at times 有時(shí) （一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的標(biāo)志詞）【2014四川綿陽(yáng)】17_ do you write an English article for our school newspaper? Some

11、times. A. How long B. How often C. How much D. How far【解析2】weekend/weekday辨析單詞意思范圍weekend周末周六、周日weedday 工作日周一至周五【解析】on weekends = on Saturday and Sunday 在周末 on weekdays= from Monday to Friday 在工作日( ) The teachers never arrive late for work from Monday to Friday.A. on weekdays B. on weekends C. every

12、 day D. five times a week.辨析：sometimes ，some times ，sometime ， some timesometimes 是頻度副詞，意為“有時(shí)；間或”，表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生的頻率，相當(dāng)于at times提問(wèn)。常用于一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)與一般過(guò)去時(shí)。提問(wèn)用how oftensome times 是名詞短語(yǔ)，意為“幾倍、 幾次”。time作可數(shù)名詞時(shí)可作“次數(shù)”解；表示“時(shí)間”時(shí)是不可數(shù)名詞。How mang timessometime 某個(gè)時(shí)候?？芍高^(guò)去或?qū)?lái)的某個(gè)時(shí)候。提問(wèn)用whensome time 一段時(shí)間。常與for連用。對(duì)它提問(wèn)用how long ?？谠E記憶：

13、分開(kāi)“一段時(shí)間” ；相聚“某個(gè)時(shí)候”。Eg：Sometimes I get up very late. 有時(shí)我起床很晚。I will go to shanghai sometime next week. 下周某個(gè)時(shí)候我要去上海。He reads the story some times. 他讀這個(gè)故事幾遍了。Ill stay here for some time. 我將會(huì)在這兒呆一段時(shí)間。練習(xí)： We plan to stay in Hainan for . 我們打算在海南呆一段時(shí)間。 I am sure that we have met before. 我肯定我們之前見(jiàn)過(guò)幾次了。 I hav

14、e letters from him. 有時(shí)我會(huì)收到他的來(lái)信。4. Hardly ever 幾乎從不【解析】hard (1)adv 努力地，猛烈地 work hard 努力工作 study hard 努力學(xué)習(xí)(2) adj. 困難的，艱難的 =difficult Its hard/difficult for sb to do sth 做某事對(duì)某人來(lái)說(shuō)是困難的Its hard for us _(finish) the work without others help.【拓展】hardly adv “幾乎不，從來(lái)不” ，表否定意義，常與can ,any ,ever 連用。 I can hardly

15、 believe it. ( ) Its raining _ .People can _ go out. A. hard; hardly B. hardly; hard C. hard ; hard D. hardly ; hardly【注】 形容雨雪下的大用hard/heavy辨析：hardly 與hardhardly 幾乎不，一般位于動(dòng)詞之前。 hard 努力，位于動(dòng)詞之后。eg：He hardly works. 他幾乎不工作。 He works hard. 他工作努力。5. use the Internet 用互聯(lián)網(wǎng)use sth. to do sth. 用某物做某事eg：I use a

16、 knife to cut bread. 我用刀切面包。短語(yǔ)：on the Internet 在網(wǎng)上 ， surf the Internet 網(wǎng)上沖浪，上網(wǎng)5. Whats your favorite program？ 你最喜歡的節(jié)目是什么？句型：Whats your favorite.?=What. do you like best？你最喜歡的.是什么？1.Whats your favorite animal？你最喜歡的動(dòng)物是什么？= _6. Are you free next week？ 你下周有空嗎？free 意為“空閑的，有空的”，反義詞busy。 be free 意為“閑著，有空”e

17、g:：He is free now.他現(xiàn)在有空。拓展：free還可譯為“免費(fèi)的”Eg：The tickets are free. 票是免費(fèi)的7.twice a week一周兩次 【解析】英語(yǔ)中，once表示“一次”，twice表示“兩次”，從“三次”起用“基數(shù)詞times”表示次數(shù)。three times三次，five times五次。8. Hmm.next week is quite full for me，Jack.呣下周我很忙，杰克?！窘馕觥縡ull adj. 忙的；滿的；充滿的常用短語(yǔ)為be full of.，意為“充滿”；反義詞是empty，意為“空的”。Eg. The bus is

18、 full of people. 公共汽車(chē)?yán)飻D滿了人。full adj. 吃飽的；過(guò)飽的，其反義詞是hungry，意為“饑餓的”。Eg. Are you hungry or full？你餓了還是飽了？She sometimes goes shopping. 她有時(shí)去購(gòu)物。(P11. Grammar Focus)【解析】sometimes為頻度副詞，意為“有時(shí)候”，多用于一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)或一般過(guò)去時(shí)中。 辨析： sometimes, sometime, some time與some times Sometimes意為“有時(shí)”，可放于句首或句中。（How often提問(wèn)） Sometime表示在某個(gè)時(shí)間

19、段內(nèi)的某個(gè)時(shí)候，既可以表示過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間也可以表示將來(lái)的某個(gè)時(shí)間。（When提問(wèn)） Some time 名詞性短語(yǔ)，意為“一些時(shí)間”，time是不可數(shù)名詞，意為“時(shí)間”。 （How long提問(wèn)） Some times表示“幾次”，time是可數(shù)名詞，表示“次；次數(shù)”。 （How many times提問(wèn)）Eg. Even friends sometimes disagree. 即使是朋友，有時(shí)也會(huì)意見(jiàn)不合。 I hope to see you again sometime next year. 我希望明年的某個(gè)時(shí)候能再見(jiàn)到你。 Please give me some time to red t

20、his passage.請(qǐng)給我一些時(shí)間看這篇文章。 I have been to Beijing some times before. 我以前去過(guò)北京幾次。9. How come? 怎么會(huì)？ 怎么回事？How come?是固定表達(dá)，意為“怎么回事？/怎么會(huì)？”表示某件事情很奇怪，有點(diǎn)想不通；可單獨(dú)使用，也可引導(dǎo)一個(gè)問(wèn)句， 相當(dāng)于疑問(wèn)句 why, 但 how come 開(kāi)頭的特殊疑問(wèn)句使用的仍然是陳述語(yǔ)序。How come Tom didnt come to the party? = Why didnt Tom come to the party?10. I have dance and pia

21、no lessons. 我要上舞蹈課和英語(yǔ)課。have 在此意為“上課”。Eg: Theyre having an English lesson. 他們正在上英語(yǔ)課。擴(kuò)展：have lessons 上課 ， Lesson One 第一課11. Well ，how about Tuesday？ 哦，那周二呢？How about.? (=What about.?) 意為“怎么樣？”，用來(lái)征求對(duì)方的意見(jiàn)。Eg: How about this book? 這本書(shū)怎樣？How / What about doing sth. .? 做怎么樣？Eg：-What will we do on Sunday？ 星

22、期天我們什么？-How about visiting the museum？ 去參觀博物館咋樣？1. Its sunny today，What about _（play）tennis？12I go to the movies maybe once a month.我可能一月去看電影一次?！窘馕觥縨aybe adv. 大概；或許；可能Eg. Maybe that man is a policeman. 或許那人是警察。maybe 和may bemaybe副詞，意為“或許；大概”，常位于句首表推測(cè)。Maybe he is at Jims home.或許他在吉姆家。may be由情態(tài)動(dòng)詞may和 b

23、e構(gòu)成，意為“可能是、也許是”，在句中作謂語(yǔ)。He may be right.他可能是對(duì)的?！窘馕?】go to the movies = go to the cinema = see the film 去看電影【解析2】maybe/may be辨析： （1） maybe =perhaps adv 也許，可能，表示推測(cè)，通常用于句首，在句中作狀語(yǔ)。( ) _ Li Hua wants to be an astronaut like Yang Liwei. A. May be B. May C. Also D. Maybe （2）may be 是“情態(tài)動(dòng)詞may +動(dòng)詞原形be”, 或許，可能是

24、，也表示推測(cè)，在句中作謂語(yǔ)?？梢院蚼aybe 互換。Toms pen may be in his backpack. =Maybe Toms pen is in his backpack【江蘇南通】Now all of us exercise at _ least _ hour a day in and outside school. A. the ; a B. a; an C. /; a D. /; an 13He plays at least twice a week.他至少一周踢(足球) 兩次。【解析】least adv.最??；最少adj.& pron.最少的；最小的，它是little的

25、最高級(jí)。Eg. He has least money of all of us. 在我們所有人中他的錢(qián)最少。She works least. 她工作最少。We have least time.我們時(shí)間最少。at least 至少；不少于；起碼，其反義短語(yǔ)為：at most 至多14. On Wednesday and Friday. 在周三和周五 【解析】介詞at/ in /on /for表示時(shí)間：1)at.表示某一具體時(shí)間點(diǎn)，某一時(shí)刻/ 年齡 at six oclock at noon at that time at the moment at the age of at night 2)i

26、n表示時(shí)間段,一天的三個(gè)時(shí)間段以及月份,年,季節(jié),世紀(jì),人生的某個(gè)時(shí)期(某人幾十歲時(shí)) In the morning/afternoon /evening in spring /in 2007/in March in the twenty-first century in his fifties3)on表示星期幾/某一具體的日子/具體某天的上午/下午/晚上,表示一天中的三個(gè)時(shí)間段名詞前有修飾語(yǔ)或后有修飾語(yǔ)時(shí). On Monday on New Years Day on Sunday morning on a rainy night g. At least he should say thank

27、s. 他至少應(yīng)該說(shuō)聲謝謝。15. 頻度副詞【解析】頻度副詞表示經(jīng)常性的動(dòng)作或情況，常和一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)連用，表示現(xiàn)在經(jīng)?；蚍磸?fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，按其頻率發(fā)生的高低分別是：always 總是； usually 通常；often 經(jīng)常； sometimes 有時(shí)；hardly ever 幾乎不；never 從不。對(duì)這些頻度副詞進(jìn)行提問(wèn)時(shí)，用特殊疑問(wèn)詞how often，意為“多久一次”。Eg. They always go to the park by bus. 他們總是乘公共汽車(chē)去公園。Kate is often late for school. 凱特經(jīng)常上學(xué)遲到。I sometimes_watch TV

28、programs.(對(duì)畫(huà)線部分提問(wèn))How often do you watch TV programs? 你多久看一次電視節(jié)目？16. But my mother wants me to drink it. 但我媽媽想讓我喝它。want sb. to do sth. 意為“想讓某人做某事”，否定形式為want sb. not to do sth. 意為“不想讓某人做某事”。Eg：She wants me to bring him some pens. 她想讓我給她帶些鋼筆。拓展：1.want sth. 想要某物Do you want any story books？你想要些故事書(shū)嗎？2.wa

29、nt to do sth. 想要做某事I want to visit my uncle. 我想去看望我的叔叔。Do you want （tell）me anything？17She says its good for my health. 她說(shuō)它對(duì)我的健康有益?！窘馕觥縝e good for 對(duì)有益Eg. Exercise is good for you. 鍛煉對(duì)你有益。be good at 在方面做得好；擅長(zhǎng)Eg. He is good at learning languages. 他擅長(zhǎng)學(xué)習(xí)語(yǔ)言。Eg. be good with 與相處融洽The teacher is good with

30、his students. 這位老師和他的學(xué)生相處融洽。Eg. be good to 對(duì)友好 My new deskmate is good to me. 我的新同桌對(duì)我很友好。health n. 健康，是不可數(shù)名詞。Eg. I think health is more important than money. 我認(rèn)為健康比金錢(qián)更重要。be in good/poor health 身體狀況好/不好My grandparents are both in good health. 我祖父母身體都很好。healthy adj. 健康的We should eat healthy food. 我們應(yīng)當(dāng)

31、吃健康的食物。unhealthy adj.不健康的Junk food is unhealthy. 垃圾食品是不健康的。18.How many hours do you sleep every night？你每天晚上睡幾個(gè)小時(shí)？【解析】how many 和how muchhow many和how much都可以表示“多少”，但how many后接可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，而how much后接不可數(shù)名詞。Eg. How many girls can you see? 你能看見(jiàn)多少個(gè)女孩？How much milk do you want? 你想要多少牛奶？【拓展】詞語(yǔ)詞義用法答語(yǔ)特征how long多久詢問(wèn)

32、時(shí)間多久for/about+一段時(shí)間how often多久一次詢問(wèn)動(dòng)作的頻率often, twice a week等how soon多快，過(guò)多久詢問(wèn)時(shí)間多快in+一段時(shí)間how far多遠(yuǎn)詢問(wèn)距離多遠(yuǎn)ten minutes walkhow many多少詢問(wèn)可數(shù)名詞數(shù)量數(shù)詞+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)how much多少詢問(wèn)不可數(shù)名詞數(shù)量數(shù)詞+表示量的詞+不可數(shù)名詞多少錢(qián)詢問(wèn)價(jià)格數(shù)詞+錢(qián)19. Last month we asked our students about their free time activities. 上個(gè)月我們向?qū)W生詢問(wèn)了他們業(yè)余活動(dòng)的情況。ask sb. about sth. “詢

33、問(wèn)某人關(guān)于某事”Eg:I asked my teacher about todays homework. _?！窘馕? 】ask sb about sth 向某人詢問(wèn)有關(guān)的情況 ask sb to do sth請(qǐng)/要某人去做某事(否定形式)ask sb. not to do sth ask sb. for sth 向某人要某物 【解析2】active adj. 活躍的 activity n 活動(dòng) My friend is _(active).20. Here are the results. 這是（調(diào)查）結(jié)果。here 位于句首，句子要倒裝。當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是名詞性短語(yǔ)時(shí)，要用全倒裝，即“here +謂

34、語(yǔ)+主語(yǔ)”；當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是人稱代詞時(shí)，要用半倒裝，即“here+ 主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)”。Eg：Here is your jacket. 這是你的夾克。Here he comes. 他來(lái)到這兒。Here comes the bus. 汽車(chē)來(lái)了。21、.twenty percent students dont exercise at all. 百分之20的學(xué)生根本不鍛煉。. 百分?jǐn)?shù)由percent來(lái)表示，構(gòu)成：基數(shù)詞+percent 。Eg：Seventy percent of the boys like playing computer games. 男生中70%喜歡完電腦游戲。 not. at all 意為

35、“一點(diǎn)兒也不，根本不”。用來(lái)加強(qiáng)否定語(yǔ)氣。Eg：I dont know about it at all. 對(duì)那件事我一點(diǎn)也不知道。拓展：not at all = you are welcome 意為“不用謝，不客氣”。Eg：-Thank you for your help. -Not at all.22、. Although many students like to watch sports，game shows are the most popular. 盡管許多學(xué)生喜歡看運(yùn)動(dòng)類(lèi)節(jié)目，但游戲類(lèi)節(jié)目是最受歡迎的。although 連詞。意為“雖然，盡管”。but 意為“但是”。英語(yǔ)中，alt

36、hough與but不能同時(shí)使用。Eg：Although it rained，the boys still played outside.= It rained，but the boys still played outside. 盡管天下雨了，但男孩們?nèi)栽谕饷嫱嫠！?. My cousin knows a lot about geography， he is only four years old.A. because B. so C. although23.Its good to relax by using the Internet or watching game shows，but w

37、e think the best way to relax is through exercise.盡管通過(guò)上網(wǎng)或觀看游戲節(jié)目對(duì)放松很有好處，但是我們認(rèn)為鍛煉是最好的放松方式?！窘馕觥窟@是一個(gè)“Its+adj+to do sth.”的句型結(jié)構(gòu)，意為“做某事是.”。其中it是形式主語(yǔ)，真正主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)詞不定式 to relax by using the Internet or watching game shows；拓展：Its + adj.(easy,difficult,important,necessary) +(for sb.) to do sth.Its+adj+（for sb.）+to d

38、o sth. 意為 “（對(duì)某人來(lái)說(shuō)）做某事是的”。該句中的形容詞用于描述事物的特征，表客觀情況，如difficult（困難的），hard(困難的)，easy（容易的）Eg：Its very important to listen carefully in class. 上課認(rèn)真聽(tīng)講很重要。Its easy for us to swim. 對(duì)我們來(lái)說(shuō)游泳很容易。Its +adj( kind, honest, friendly, )+(of sb) to do sth.： 意為“某人做某事是.”，該句中的形容詞用于描述人物的品質(zhì)，表主觀情感和態(tài)度。By在此處表示方式、方法、手段，意為“憑借；靠；用

39、；通過(guò)”。其后通常接名詞或動(dòng)名詞，作方式狀語(yǔ)，可放在句首也可放在句末。By作為介詞用法：by+交通工具 乘. by+時(shí)間 在.之前，到.為止 by+地點(diǎn) 在.旁邊；靠近.24、Although many students like to watch sports. 雖然許多學(xué)生喜歡看體育節(jié)目【解析】 although=though conj 雖然，即使;不能與but 連用，引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句【解析】through + 手段、 媒介 “以，憑借，穿過(guò)” by + ving/ 工具名詞【辨析】through/across (1)through “從中經(jīng)過(guò)” ，強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作發(fā)生在立體空間，指從物體的空間內(nèi)

40、部穿過(guò)，如門(mén)、窗、洞、森林等 (2) across “橫越，穿過(guò)” , 指從表面走過(guò)或從一邊到另一邊。( ) _ he isnt rich enough, he often gives away money to some poor children. A. Though B. When C. Because D. If( ) _ he is very tried, he still tries _. A. Because ; work B. Because; to work C. Although; working D. Although ;to work25.Exercise such a

41、s playing sports is fun，and you can spend time with your friends and family as you play together.像參加體育運(yùn)動(dòng)這樣的鍛煉是有趣的，并且你可以與你的朋友和家人一起花費(fèi)時(shí)間進(jìn)行鍛煉?！窘馕觥縮uch as 例如；像這樣表示舉例，相當(dāng)于like。Eg. I like animals such as cats and dogs. 我喜歡動(dòng)物，像貓和狗。such as結(jié)構(gòu)既可表示為“名詞such as例子”，也可表示為“such名詞as例子”。Eg. I enjoy songs such as this o

42、ne.I enjoy such songs as this one.我喜歡像這首歌一樣的歌?！窘馕?】such as/ for example辨析：（1）such as “例如，像一樣” 常常列舉同類(lèi)人或物中的幾個(gè)例子，放在被列舉的事物與前面的名詞之間。 I like all kinds of sports such as running and swimming.（2）for example 一般只列舉同類(lèi)人或物中的“一個(gè)”，做插入語(yǔ)，位于句首、句中或句末?！窘馕?】 spend /pay /cost/ take 花費(fèi)動(dòng)詞主語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)句型結(jié)構(gòu)spend 人時(shí)間或金錢(qián)sb. spend on st

43、h/ in doing sthpay人金錢(qián)pay. for cost物金錢(qián)sth cost sb. some moneytake it時(shí)間It takes sb. . to do sth重點(diǎn)： spend timemoney on sth. 在.上花費(fèi)時(shí)間或金錢(qián)He didnt spend much time on his homework. 他沒(méi)在作業(yè)方面花很多時(shí)間。I spend 200 yuan on a new coat. _ spend timemoney （in） doing sth. 花費(fèi)時(shí)間或金錢(qián)做某事Dont spend too much time watching TV.

44、不要花費(fèi)太多時(shí)間看電視。He always spend his time playing football. _Eg: I enjoy playing computer games,but I cant too much time that.A.take, doing B.spend, doing C.spend, for doing D.take, to do26And remember，“old habits die hard”請(qǐng)記?。骸芭f習(xí)慣是很難擯棄的”。 【解析】die v. 消失；消滅；死亡(1)作“死亡”講，是不及物動(dòng)詞，不能用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作，是瞬間動(dòng)詞，不能與表示一段時(shí)間

45、的狀語(yǔ)連用。Eg.His grandfather died five years ago. 他祖父五年前去世的。(2)die可以用于進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)，表示“即將死去，奄奄一息”。Eg.He is dying.他快要死了。dead 死的，是die的形容詞形式。可作表語(yǔ)或定語(yǔ)。作表語(yǔ)時(shí)，表示狀態(tài)。Eg.His dog has been dead for two weeks. 他的狗已死了兩周了。death 死亡，是die的名詞形式。Eg.His mothers death made him very sad. 他母親的去世使他非常難過(guò)。27.However，she has some bad habits，

46、too.然而，她也有一些壞習(xí)慣?！窘馕觥縣owever adv. 然而；不過(guò)Eg.He said that it was so；he was wrong，however他說(shuō)事情是這樣的，但是他錯(cuò)了。however和but二者都有“然而；但是”之意，具體用法不同。however 副詞，可以放在句首、句中或句末，置于句中時(shí)，前后通常用逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)。Eg. He wanted to go to the shopping mall，however，he didnt go at last.他想去購(gòu)物中心，但最后還是沒(méi)去。but并列連詞，常常在句中，引導(dǎo)一個(gè)表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的并列句。Eg. Mike is you

47、ng，but he can do it well. 邁克雖然年齡小，但是他能做好那件事。however adv.無(wú)論如何；不管怎樣，相當(dāng)于no matter how。Eg.However difficult it is，I want to have a try.No matter how difficult it is，I want to have a try.不管多么難，我都想試一試。too adv.也，常用于肯定句末尾，前用逗號(hào)；也可作為插入語(yǔ)放在句中，前后均有逗號(hào)。在簡(jiǎn)略答語(yǔ)里，too常用于賓格人稱代詞后。Eg. You，too，can do it.你也可以做。I want to exe

48、rcise.我想鍛煉。Me，too.我也想。too，also和either三者都有“也”的意思，但所放位置及所處的句式不同。too常放在肯定句末尾。Eg. I like surfing the Internet，too. 我也喜歡上網(wǎng)。also常放在肯定句中，系動(dòng)詞、助動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后，實(shí)義動(dòng)詞前。Eg. I also like playing volleyball. 我也喜歡打排球。either常放在否定句末尾。Eg. He didnt go skateboarding，either. 他也沒(méi)去滑滑板。28.She usually watches TV for more than two h

49、ours a day.她通常一天看兩個(gè)多小時(shí)的電視?！窘馕觥縨ore than 多于，常用在數(shù)詞之前，表示數(shù)量超過(guò)多少，同義詞是over。其反義短語(yǔ)是：less than 少于Eg. She sleeps more than/over nine hours every day. 她每天睡覺(jué)達(dá)九個(gè)多小時(shí)。more than one 后接單數(shù)名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。Eg. More than one answer is to your question. 你的問(wèn)題答案不只是一個(gè)。29. She says she is afraid. 她說(shuō)她害怕。_【解析】afraid adj “擔(dān)心的，

50、害怕的”.be afraid to do sth害怕做某事，（強(qiáng)調(diào)主觀上的原因不去做）Eg：I am afraid to travel by plane. 我害怕乘飛機(jī)旅行。 . be afraid of doing sth害怕做某事 （強(qiáng)調(diào)為擔(dān)心出現(xiàn)的狀況或結(jié)果，是客觀造成的而不敢去做）Dont be afraid of asking questions. 不要怕問(wèn)問(wèn)題。be afraid of sb. sth. 害怕某人某物 Eg：She is afraid of the dog. 她害怕那只狗。be afraid to do sth.= 害怕做某事30. Less than six. 少

51、于6小時(shí)。Less than 意為“不到，少于”。其反義詞為 more than over “多余，超過(guò)”Eg：She sleeps less than seven hours every night. 他每晚的睡眠時(shí)間不到7小時(shí)。We know Tom for 20 years. 我們認(rèn)識(shí)Tom超過(guò)20年了31.stay up late 指“熬夜到很晚，遲睡”。 Dont stay up late next time. stay up 指“熬夜，不睡覺(jué)”。 He stayed up all night to write his story.語(yǔ)法歸納頻度副詞1. 概念頻度副詞是用來(lái)表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生頻率的詞，常用來(lái)表示不確定時(shí)間，主要包括always, usually, often, sometimes, hardly, ever, never等，如果表示具體頻度次數(shù)，可采用次數(shù)加單位時(shí)間。例如：once a week 一周一次twi