新概念第二冊直接引語和間接引語知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)

1、直接引語和間接引語一、概念直接引語是 直接引述別人的話。前后要加引號。間接引語是 用自己的話轉(zhuǎn)述別人的話。多數(shù)情況下構(gòu)成賓語從句，且不用引號。She says, "I ' ll never forget the monger說：“我將永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)忘記此刻?！保ㄖ苯右Z）She says that she'll never forget the moment. 她說她將永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)忘記此刻。（間接引語 ）二、直接引語如何變?yōu)殚g接引語直接引語變?yōu)殚g接引語時(shí)，多數(shù)情況下構(gòu)成賓語從句或復(fù)合賓語。（一）句式的變化1. 直接引語如果是陳述句，變?yōu)殚g接引語時(shí)，要變?yōu)橛眠B詞that引導(dǎo)的賓語

2、從句（that在口語中常省略）He said, “Iwant to be an actor.”t He said （that） he wan ted to be an actor.The doctor said,“ You should drink plenty of water.”t The doctor told me thatI should drink plenty of water.2. 直接引語如果是疑問句，變?yōu)殚g接引語時(shí)，要改為 陳述句語序（主語在謂語前 ）1）直接引語如果是一般疑問句或反義疑問句，變?yōu)殚g接引語時(shí)，要變?yōu)閣hether 或 if 引導(dǎo)的賓語從句?！癈an you

3、swim?” he asked me.t He asked me if/ whether I could swim.He said to me, “ You are interested in computer games, aren' t you? ”t He asked me if/whether I was interested in computer games.2）直接引語如果是特殊疑問句，變?yōu)殚g接引語時(shí)，連接詞要用直接引語中的疑問詞?！癢hat can I do for you? ” he asked me.tHe asked me what he could do for

4、 me.3. 直接引語如果是祈使句，通常變成 tell/ ask/ order sb. （not） to do sth. 的結(jié)構(gòu)?！癙lease open the window, ” the teacher said to me.t The teacher asked me to open the window.（二）人稱的變化 把直接引語變?yōu)殚g接引語時(shí)，要根據(jù)意思改變?nèi)朔Q。通常遵循“一隨主，二隨賓，三不變”的原則?！耙恢鳌笔侵钢苯右Z中的第一人稱代詞 在間接引語中應(yīng)與引述部分主句的 主語一致的人稱一致?！岸e”是指直接引語中的第二人稱代詞 在間接引語中應(yīng)與引述部分的 賓語人稱一致?！叭蛔儭?/p>

5、是指直接引語中的 第三人稱 在間接引語中保持 不變 。例：He said, “I like it very much. ”tHe said that he liked it very much.“Can you sing in English? ” he asked me.t He asked me ifI could sing in English.He said, “Shewill come late. ”tHe said that shewould come late.She said, I '“m full.”t She said that she was full（三）時(shí)態(tài)的

6、變化主句為現(xiàn)在或?qū)頃r(shí)態(tài)，間接引語的時(shí)態(tài)一般不變；主句為過去時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)，間接引語一般作相應(yīng)的變化。變化見下表：直接引語間接引語一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般過去時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)過去進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)過去完成時(shí)一般過去時(shí)過去完成時(shí)過去完成時(shí)過去完成時(shí)一般將來時(shí)過去將來時(shí)但凡事都有例外，下列情況直接引語變?yōu)殚g接引語，其時(shí)態(tài)不變：1. 當(dāng)直接引語表示客觀事實(shí)或普遍真理時(shí)，變?yōu)殚g接引語，時(shí)態(tài)不變。The teacher said, The earth goes round the sun."The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun.2. 當(dāng)直接引語中有具體的

7、一般過去時(shí)間作狀語時(shí)，變?yōu)殚g接引語時(shí)，時(shí)態(tài)不變。She said, 'Was born in 1990. "She said that shewas born in 1990.（四）指示代詞、時(shí)間狀語、地點(diǎn)狀語和動(dòng)詞的變化直接引語變間接引語時(shí)，指示代詞、時(shí)間狀語、地點(diǎn)狀語和某些動(dòng)詞通常要作相應(yīng)的變化。變化如下表:直接引語間接引語指示代詞this thesethat those時(shí)間狀語nowtodaythis afternoon( week, mon th) yesterdaythree days(m on ths, years) ago last week (mon th,

8、year) tomorrown ext week(m on th, year)the nthat daythat after noon( week, mon th)the day beforethree days (mon ths, years) before the week (mon th, year) before the n ext/follow ing daythe next week (mon th, year)地點(diǎn)狀語herethere動(dòng)詞comegoe.g. He said, '' m listening to musicnow”He said that hewas listening to music then1. (2009 陜西) Can you tell meyour parents at home? I often wash clothes and sweep the floor.A. how will you helpB. how you help C. how you will helpD. how do you he