初中定語(yǔ)從句專項(xiàng)講解與練習(xí)_百度文庫(kù)

1、定語(yǔ)從句(初中在復(fù)合句中,修飾某一 名詞 或 代詞 的從句叫定語(yǔ)從句。被修飾的名詞或代詞叫 先行詞 ,定語(yǔ)從句一般放在先行詞的后面。二、定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系詞引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系詞有關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞,常見的 關(guān)系代詞 包括 that , which , who (賓格 whom ,所有格 whose 等,關(guān)系副詞包括 where , when , why 等。關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞放在先行 詞及定語(yǔ)從句之間起連接作用,同時(shí)又作定語(yǔ)從句的重要成分。三、定語(yǔ)從句的分類根據(jù)定語(yǔ)從句與先行詞的關(guān)系,定語(yǔ)從句可分為限制性定語(yǔ)從句及非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。限制性定 語(yǔ)從句緊跟先行詞,主句與從句不用逗號(hào)分開,從句不可省去,

2、非限制性定語(yǔ)從句主句與從句之間 有逗號(hào)分開,起補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明作用,如省去,意思仍完整。四、關(guān)系代詞的用法1. that 既可以用于指人,也可以用于指物。在從句中作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)。例如:Mary likes music that is quiet and gentle.(that 作主語(yǔ)The coat (that I put on the desk is blue.(that 作賓語(yǔ)2.which 用于指物,在句中作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)。例如:The building which stands near the train station is a supermarket.(作主語(yǔ)The film (which

3、we saw last night was wonderful. (作賓語(yǔ)3.who , whom 用于指人, who 用作主語(yǔ), whom 用作賓語(yǔ)。在口語(yǔ)中,有時(shí)可用 who 代替 whom 。例如:The girl who often helps me with my English is from England.(作主語(yǔ)Who is the teacher (whom Li Ming is talking to?(作賓語(yǔ)注意:1 當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞在定語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)時(shí), who 、 that 、 which 可省略, 但介詞在關(guān)系代詞前時(shí), 只能用“介詞 +which/whom”結(jié)構(gòu)(此時(shí)

4、關(guān)系代詞不能用 that 代替 。例如:This is the house (which/that we lived in last year.(可省 This is the house in which we lived last year.(不可省,關(guān)系代詞不可用 thatPlease tell me (whom/that you borrowed the English novel from.(可省 Please tell me from whom you borrowed the English novel.(不可省,關(guān)系代詞不可用 that2關(guān)系詞只能用 that 的情況:a. 先行

5、詞被序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級(jí)所修飾,或本身是序數(shù)詞、基數(shù)詞、形容詞最高級(jí)時(shí),只 能用 that ,而不用 which. 例如:He was the first person that passed the exam.This is the most beautiful place that I have been to .b. 被修飾的先行詞為 all , any , much , many , everything , anything , none , the one 等不定代詞時(shí),只能用 that ,而不用 which. 例如:Is there anything that you want

6、to buy in the shop? =I didnt understand the words all that he said.c. 先行詞被 the only, the very, the same, the last, little , few , no , just 等詞修飾時(shí), 只能用 that ,而不用 which. 例如:This is the same bike that I lost.這就是我丟的那輛自行車。d. 先行詞里同時(shí)含有人或物時(shí),只能用 that , 而不用 which. 例如:I can remember well the persons and some p

7、ictures that I saw in the room.e. 以 who 或 which 引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問(wèn)句,為避免重復(fù),只能用 that. 例如:Who is the girl that is crying? 正在哭泣的那個(gè)女孩是誰(shuí)?f. 主句是 there be 結(jié)構(gòu),修飾主語(yǔ)的定語(yǔ)從句用 that ,而不用 which. 例如:There is a book on the desk that belongs to Tom. 桌子上那本書是湯姆的。3關(guān)系詞只能用 which ,而不用 that 的情況:a. 先行詞為 that , those 時(shí),用 which , 而不用 that.

8、 例如:What s that which is under the desk? 在桌子底下的那些東西是什么?b. 關(guān)系代詞前有介詞時(shí),一般用 which ,而不用 that. 例如:(同(1 This is the room in which he lives. 這是他居住的房間。c. 引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句,用 which , 而不用 that. 例如:Tom came back, which made us happy. 湯姆回來(lái)了,這使我們很高興。五、關(guān)系副詞的用法(1 when 指時(shí)間,其先行詞表示時(shí)間,在句中作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。例如:This was the time when he arr

9、ived.這是他到達(dá)的時(shí)間。(2 where 指地點(diǎn),其先行詞表示地點(diǎn),在句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)。例如:This is place where he works.這是他工作的地點(diǎn)。(3 why 指原因,其先行詞是原因,起原因狀語(yǔ)作用。例如:Nobody knows the reason why he is often late for school. 沒(méi)人知道他為什么上學(xué)總遲到。 注意:“介詞 +which/whom”結(jié)構(gòu)有時(shí)可與其他關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞互相轉(zhuǎn)換That is the house where my father used to live.=That is the house which

10、my mother used to live in.= That is the house in which my mother used to live.上句中:in which = where六:練習(xí)1. Did you find the notebook _ Jim had given me for my birthday?A. who B. whom C. which D. whose2. Thats all _ I have seen and heard.A. which B. that C. where D. what3. Have you seen the man _ plan

11、we were talking about _ yesterday ?A. who, them B. its, them C. whose,/ D. whose, them4.The Oscar is one of the film prizes _ offered to any Chinese actor or actress so far.A. which are not B. that have not been C. that has not D. that has not been5. He never reads anything _ is not worth reading.A.

12、 that B. as C. who D. which6. The man _ coat is black is waiting at the gate.A. whos B. whose C. that D. of which7. _ cleans the classroom can go home first.A. Anyone B. those who C. However D. The one who8. The police caught the man _ stole my handbag.A. he B. that C. whom D. which9. The girl _ is

13、reading under the tree _ my sister.A. which, is B. whom, was C. who , is D. who, was10. George Mallory was an English teacher _ loved climbing.A. who B. whom C. he D. which11. Don t talk about such things of _ you are not sure.A. which B. what C. as D. Those12. Is this the factory _ you visited the

14、other day?A. that B. where C. in which D. the one13. Is this factory _ some foreign friends visited last Friday?A. that B. where C. which D. the one14. Is this the factory _ he worked ten years ago?A. that B. where C. which D. the one15. The wolves hid themselves in the places _ couldn t be found.A.

15、 that B. where C. in which D. in that16. Can you lend me the novel _ the other day?A. that you talked B. you talked about it C. which you talked with D. you talked about17. Is there anything _ to you?A. that is belonged B. that belongs C. that belong D. which belongs18. - “ How do you like the book?

16、”- “ It s quite different from _ I read last month.”A. that B. which C. the one D. the one what19. They were interested _ you told them.A. in which B. in that C. all that D. in everything20. - Do you know the town at all?- No, this is the first time I _ here.A. was B. have been C. came D. am comingK

17、ey:CBCBA BDBCA AADBA DBCDB初中英語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)從句練習(xí)題(二用適當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)系詞填空:1. I still remember the night _I first came to the house.2. Ill never forget the day_ we met each other last week.3. Mr Black is going to Beijing in October, _is the best season there.4. I will never forget the days _I spent with your family.5. Ill ne

18、ver forget the last day_ we spent together.6. This is the school _I used to study.7. Do you still remember the place_ we visited last week?8. Do you still remember the place_ we visited the painting exhibition?9. Have you ever been to Hangzhou,_is famous for the West Lake?10. Have you ever bee to Hangzhou, _lies the West Lake?11. Tom will go to Shanghai,_live his two brothers.12. I live in Beijing,_is the capital of China.13. There w