選修七知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)

1、選修七知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)選修七英語總結(jié)Parti :詞匯部分Uniti :1. disability n. 無能；殘疾 disabled adj. 傷殘的 able adj.能干的；能夠 的2. ambition n. 野心，雄心ambitious adj.有雄心的，野心勃勃的3. be neficial adj.有益的 be nefit v.&n.受益；利益，好處4. independent adj. 獨(dú)立的 independence n. 獨(dú)立 depend v. 依 靠，依賴5. encouragement n. 鼓勵(lì)encourage v. 鼓勵(lì) courage n. 勇氣，精神單詞：

2、1. ambiti on (n.) 雄心2. be neficial (adj.) 有益的3. adapt (v.) 使適應(yīng);改編4. con duct (n.) 行為(v.) 指揮5. resig n (v.) 辭職6. compa nion (n.) 同伴7. access n.(接近的)方法；通路；可接近性8. suitable adj. 適合的,適當(dāng)?shù)模?. annoy vt.使生氣，使煩惱；招惹；妨礙10. adequate adj.適當(dāng)?shù)?足夠的重點(diǎn)詞組 in other words換句話說 cut out 切掉,刪掉out of breath上氣不接下氣sit arou nd 閑

3、坐著 make fun of取笑 all the best 一切順利as well as也,又；和一樣好重點(diǎn)詞匯1. ambition (n.)雄心ambitious adj.志向遠(yuǎn)大的；有雄心壯志的；有野心的2. beneficial (adj.)有益的ben efit v. &n.有助于；受益；利益，好處be beneficial to sth./sb.對有益be of ben efit to 對有益for the ben efit of 為 了二(的利益)ben efit from 從中受益3. adapt (v.)使適應(yīng);改編adapt (on eself) to sth.適應(yīng)

4、某物adaptto 使適應(yīng)； 、adapt sth. for sth. from sth.根據(jù)某事將改編成be adapted from 由改編4. con duct (n.)行為(v.)指揮con ductor n. 領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者,經(jīng)理,a bad con duct惡劣行為under the conduct of 在.指導(dǎo) 管理 下5. resign (v.)辭職；委托,把.交托給(to, into)resign one's position (as secretary) 辭去(秘書)職務(wù)resign ofice 辭職resign on eself to聽任（某種影響）;只好（做某事） r

5、esig n on eself to on e's fate 聽天由命resignto. 把.托付給6. compa nion （n.）同伴make companions of 與 作伴，與.為友companions in arms 戰(zhàn)友a(bǔ) faithful companion 忠實(shí)伴侶7. access n.（接近的）方法；通路；可接近性 accessible adj.易接近的，可到達(dá)的， accessible to（prep.）8. suitable adj.適合的,適當(dāng)?shù)? suit v.合適,適合,相配,unsuitable adj.不適合的,不相稱的be suitable f

6、or （doing） sth./sb.很適合（做）9. annoy vt.使生氣，使煩惱;招惹丄妨礙be annoyed at/by sth.因?yàn)槟呈露械嚼_ get /be annoyed with sb.生某人的氣 annoying 令人惱火的annoyed惱怒的;煩惱的10. adequate adj.適當(dāng)?shù)?足夠的;差強(qiáng)人意的 unit3 :1.desire n.渴望 vt.想要2.satisfacti onn.j滿意、3.alarm n.警報(bào) vt.使''' 驚恐4.sympathyn.同情5.accompa nyvt.陪伴6.declare vt.宣布7.

7、envy vt.嫉妒8.junior adj.較年幼的9.divorce n.離婚 vt.與'、' 離婚詞組：test out考驗(yàn) ring up打電話給 turn aroundunit2 :leave alone 不打擾 set aside將'、' 放在一邊 be bound to轉(zhuǎn)向定做1. annual adj.每年的；按年度計(jì)算的/ n. 年刊；年鑒2. witness n.目擊者；證人；證據(jù) vt.當(dāng)場見到；目擊3. accommodati on n.住所4. aba ndon vt. 放棄；遺棄；拋棄5. reflect vt. 映射；反射 vi.

8、& vt. 思考6. aware adj. 意識(shí)到的；知道的7. scare vt. 恐嚇 vi. 受驚嚇sort out 整理；挑出help out幫助（擺脫困難或危難）；協(xié)助；使脫離困境throw on eself out of 躍出 upside dow n上下翻轉(zhuǎn)過來Unit4 :1. adjust vt.&vi.調(diào)整；使適合.2. participate vi.參與；參力卩.3. otherwise adv.用別的方法；其他方面.Adv & conj.否則；不然4. arrangement n.安排；排歹U .5. don ate vt.捐贈(zèng).6. purch

9、ase vt.&n.買；購買.7. distribution n.分配；分發(fā)；分布狀態(tài).8. releva nt adj.有關(guān)的,相應(yīng)的9. operate v.操作,運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn),開動(dòng),起作用(be) dying to.極想；渴望. the other day 幾天前 stick out. 伸出inneed. 在困難中； 在危急中 .Part2 :語法部分:Un it1 :Unit2:不定式1不定式的被動(dòng)形式當(dāng)不定式與邏輯主語之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系時(shí)即不定式的邏輯主語是不定式所表示動(dòng)作的承受者不定式一般要用被動(dòng)形式。其被動(dòng)式可以分為兩種一般式和完成式。(1) 一般式 to be done表示不定式動(dòng)

10、作在謂語動(dòng)詞之后或者同時(shí)發(fā)生。It is a great hono r_to_be_i nvited_to speak here.很榮幸被邀請?jiān)谶@里講話。The no vel is said_to_be_published_ next mo nth.據(jù)說這本小說下月要出版。(2) 完成式 to have been done表示不定式動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語動(dòng)詞之前。The book is said to_have_bee n_tran slated_i nto six Ian guages.這本書據(jù)說已經(jīng)被翻譯成六種語言。-The boss preferred_to_have_bee n_give n_

11、 more work to do.老板寧愿被分給更多的工作做。被動(dòng) 一般式 to be done 完成式 to have been done2. 不定式被動(dòng)形式的作用(1)作主語It's an honor to_be_i nvited to the cerem ony.很榮幸被邀請赴宴。It's a pity to_be_kept in the house in such fine weather. 在這樣好的天氣被關(guān)在家里真是遺憾。這封信箋要空郵。(2) 作表語The letter is_to_be_se nt_by airmail.(3) 作賓語She did n'

12、t like to_be_treated as a child.她不喜歡被當(dāng)成孩子。The boy asked to_be_give n an opport unity to try aga in. 那男孩要求給他再試一次的機(jī)會(huì)。我想整理一下我的臥室。(4) 作賓語補(bǔ)足語rd like my bedroom to_be_clea ned.(5) 作定語He was the last on e_to_be_asked to speak at the meeti ng.他是最后一個(gè)在會(huì)上被邀請發(fā)言的人。(6) 作狀語His mother left the small village n ever_

13、to_be_see n aga in.他母親離開了那個(gè)小山村-3(1)再也沒有人見過她。不定式有些要注意的地方感官動(dòng)詞和一些使役動(dòng)詞的不定式的主動(dòng)形式要省去 態(tài)后需要加上to能這樣用的動(dòng)詞或動(dòng)詞詞組有see hearnoticelisten towatch 等。We often see him act like that. He is often（2）在 can't help butto但在變成被動(dòng)語make have let如我們常?？吹剿菢幼?。結(jié)構(gòu)中 介詞but后的不定式省去to。 如 I can' t_help_but suspect his motive.I have

14、_ no thi ng_to_do_but_watch TV.（3）不定式有時(shí)要用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義 形容詞以及含有形容詞的名詞后的不定式其中形容詞常見的有easy difficultseen to act like that. have nothing to do but我不禁懷疑起他的動(dòng)機(jī)。我沒什么事情可做除了看電視。如 The work is impossible_to_fi nish in two days. 完成。En glish is not so easy_to_lear n. 一些固定用法如“挨罵一受責(zé)備 出租”用to let 。般用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義important i

15、mpossible 等。工作不可能兩天之內(nèi)英語并不好學(xué)。受批評(píng)” 用be to blame“ （東西等）V-i ng 的用法：1. 作主語Swim ming is good for health.2. 作表語 Teaching is learning.教學(xué)相長.注意：1 ）動(dòng)名詞和不定式都可以作主語，動(dòng)名詞作主語表示一般或抽 象的多次性行為，不定式作主語往往表示具體的或一次性的動(dòng)作。如：Play ing with fire is dan gerous.（泛指玩火）To play with fire will be dan gerous.(指一具體動(dòng)作)2) . V-ing形式和不定式都要有對稱

16、性；當(dāng)主語是不定式時(shí)，表語也用不定 式；反之，當(dāng)主語是 V-ing 形式時(shí)，表語也用 V-ing 形式。To see is to believe.= Seeing is believ ing.3) . It ' s no use (good) doing sthIt ' s a waste of time doing sthit作形式主語，只用V-ing,不用不定式。探 It is + adj. + (for sb ) to do sthIt is no use crying over spilt milk.覆水難收。It is a waste of time talking(

17、talk) to him . It is important forme to lear n (lear n) En glish .3. 作賓語V-ing形式既可作動(dòng)詞的賓語,也可作介詞的賓語。We would appreciate heari ng from you.我們會(huì)珍惜你的來信。Unit4 :定語從句1. 關(guān)系代詞 that, which ( 物)that, who, whom(人)whose(人和物) 關(guān)系代詞在從句做主語，賓語，表語。當(dāng)做賓語時(shí)，可以省略。A plane is a machine that can fly.(that 做主語，先行詞是物)The book (whi

18、ch) I gave you was worth $10.(which 先行詞是物，在從句中作賓語可省，) She is the pop star (that) I want to see very much(that先行詞是人，在從句中做賓語可省) who在從句中多做主語，whom只能做賓語，(介詞和動(dòng)詞后)Do you know the man who is talk ing with your mother?(who 在從句中做主語，先行詞是人)The boy (whom) she loved died in the war.(whom在 從句中做賓語，可省) whose先行詞即可是人也

19、可是物。I like those books whosetopics areabout history. The boy whose father works abroad is my deskmate.2. 關(guān)系副詞where在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語whe n在從句中作時(shí)間狀語 why在從句中作原因狀語 I will n ever forget the day whe n we met there.This is the house where I was born.I can ' t imagine the reason why he turned down my offer.三、介詞/

20、介詞短語+關(guān)系代詞(which, whom )Mr. Smith is the person with whom I am working. This is the hotel in which you will stay.關(guān)系副詞when, where, why 的含義相當(dāng)于"介詞+ which"結(jié)構(gòu)，因此常常和" 介詞+ which"結(jié)構(gòu)交替使用。例如： There are occasions when(on which ) one must yield.任何人都有不得不屈服的時(shí)候。Beijing is the place where(in whic

21、h ) I was born. 北京是我的出生地。Is this the reason why (for which ) he refused our offer?這就是他拒絕我們幫助他的理由嗎？四、限制性定語從句和非限制性定語從句1.形式不同2.作用不同限定性定語從句用于對先行詞的意義進(jìn)行修飾、限制和識(shí)別，如果去掉，就 會(huì)造成句意不完整或概念不清；而非限定性定語從句用于對先行詞起補(bǔ)充說 明作用，如果省略，句意仍然清楚、完整：3. 翻譯不同 He is the man whose car was stolen.他就是汽車被竊的那個(gè)人。 I ' ve invited Jim, who l

22、ives in the next flat.我請了吉姆，他就住在隔壁。4. 先行詞不同五、as引導(dǎo)的定語從句 as 可以引導(dǎo)限制性和非限制性定語從句，在從 句中做主語，賓語和表語。翻譯成“像，一樣”或“像” such ,as 像,一樣，之類 the same , as 和,一樣He is such a clever boy as every one likes.（as在從從句中做賓語，）That' s the same tool as I used last week.六、as引導(dǎo)的定語從句和 which的區(qū)別 which限制性非限制性位于句后修飾整句或先行詞Beijing, which is the capital of China, is a very beautiful city.As is well known, he is a famous film star in the 1980s. as 多和被 動(dòng)語態(tài) 連用，be known, be said, be reported, be announ ced, be