2019中考英語(yǔ)--動(dòng)詞不定式練習(xí)題

1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上2019中考英語(yǔ)-動(dòng)詞不定式 一、動(dòng)詞不定式是動(dòng)詞的一種非限定形式，不受人稱和數(shù)的變化限制，它是由“不定式符號(hào)to+動(dòng)詞原形”構(gòu)成。 There is going to be a sports meeting in our school next week.下周我們學(xué)校將舉行運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)。 1.考查動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ) 有些動(dòng)詞，如hope, decide, ask, agree, wish, choose, would like等，一般只能用動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)，而確旨用動(dòng)詞-ing形式作賓語(yǔ)。 【真題再現(xiàn)】 (2017江蘇蘇州)一Jack, why have you decid

2、ed Chinese folk music as a course? 一To learn more about Chinese culture. A. take B. taken C. taking D. to take 【解析】根據(jù)decide to do sth.結(jié)構(gòu)確定選D。 (2017山東臨沂)Cindy's grandmother is learning the new mobile phone. A. use B. uses C. used D. to use 【解析】learn to do sth.意為“學(xué)做某事”。故選D。 【注意】用動(dòng)詞不定式(短語(yǔ))作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，如果其后

3、有賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，常用it作形式賓語(yǔ)，而把真正的賓語(yǔ)放在賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)之后，其句型為:主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+it十賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞不定式(短語(yǔ))。 【真題再現(xiàn)】(2017湖北黃石)Chinese people find our duty to help develop African countries along the Belt and Road(一帶一路). A. it B. this C. that D. these 【解析】此空要用it作形式賓語(yǔ)，真正的賓語(yǔ)為動(dòng)詞不定式短語(yǔ)to help develop African countries along the Belt and Road。故選A。 2.

4、考查動(dòng)詞不定式作定語(yǔ) 動(dòng)詞不定式作定語(yǔ)時(shí)，與被它修飾的名詞有動(dòng)賓關(guān)系。 【真題再現(xiàn)】(2017甘肅天水)Sleeping is a popular way among students. A. relax B. relaxed C. relaxing D. to relax 【解析】此處是動(dòng)詞不定式to relax作后置定語(yǔ)，修飾名詞way。故選D。 【注意】若動(dòng)詞不定式是不及物動(dòng)詞時(shí)，則要帶上必要的介詞，構(gòu)成及物動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)。 【真題再現(xiàn)】(2013四川涼山)When you move somewhere new, the first thing for you is to find a pla

5、ce . A. to live B. living in C. to live in 【解析】live是不及物動(dòng)詞，a place是live的邏輯賓語(yǔ)，所以to live后要加上介詞in才能作后置定語(yǔ)修飾place。故選C。 3.考查動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ) 有些動(dòng)詞，如ask, teach, want, tell, allow, warn, advise等可接帶to的不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，即構(gòu)成ask / teach / want / tell sb. to do sth.結(jié)構(gòu)，其否定形式是在to前加not。 【真題再現(xiàn)】 (2017四川遂寧)Our teacher often tells us

6、 time. A. not waste B. don't waste C. not to waste D. doesn't waste 【解析】tell sb. (not) to do sth.意為“告訴某人(不要)做某事”。故選C。 (2017湖北宜昌)一You'd better advise him anything out of the window whiledriving. 一I will. He has to know it's dangerous. A. not throwing B. no throwing C. not to throw D.

7、don't throw 【解析】C。advise sb. (not) to do sth.意為“建議某人(不要)做某事”。 【注意】動(dòng)詞不定式用作使役動(dòng)詞(如let, make等，但get除外)及感官動(dòng)詞(如see, hear,watch, feel等)的賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)時(shí)都不帶to;在help后面作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)時(shí)，to可有可無(wú)。注意:將其改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)，則要加上to(但let不能用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))。 【真題再現(xiàn)】 (2017湖南岳陽(yáng))Though he often made his little sister ，today hewas made by her. A. cry; to cry B.

8、 cried; crying C. to cry; cry 【解析】主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)make sb. do sth.結(jié)構(gòu)中，用省掉to的動(dòng)詞不定式作賓補(bǔ)，所以第一空用動(dòng)詞原形cry。但在被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中“感、讓、聽(tīng)、看”等動(dòng)詞后不省略動(dòng)詞不定式符號(hào)to，動(dòng)詞不定式作主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，所以第二空填to cry。故選A。 4.考查動(dòng)詞不定式作主語(yǔ) 在許多情況下，動(dòng)詞不定式作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，往往放在謂語(yǔ)之后，而用it作形式主語(yǔ)，常構(gòu)成“It is+形容詞/副詞+( for/of sb. ) +to do sth”結(jié)構(gòu)。如: 【真題再現(xiàn)】(2017江蘇泰州)Was it necessary John some photos be

9、fore the old man? 一I think so. In this way, he could protect himself later. A. of; taking B. for; taking C. of; to take D. for; to take 【解析】D。此句中的it是形式主語(yǔ)，真正的主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)詞不定式短語(yǔ)to take some photosbefore the old man。另外，本題中的necessary僅僅是描述事物，不是對(duì)不定式行為者的品格進(jìn)行評(píng)價(jià)，介詞要用for。故選D。 5.考查動(dòng)詞不定式作狀語(yǔ) 動(dòng)詞不定式可以在句子中作目的、原因、方式和結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)。 【

10、真題再現(xiàn)】 (2017吉林長(zhǎng)春) Chinese culture, many college students go to foreign countries every year. A. Spreading B. To spread C. Spreads D. Spread 【解析】根據(jù)句意“為了傳播中國(guó)文化，許多大學(xué)生每年都去外國(guó)。”可知此空要用動(dòng)詞不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)。故選B。 (2017甘肅天水)We'l1 do what we can the sick man. A. to help B. help C. helps D. helped 【解析】此題易受can的誤導(dǎo)而誤選B。wh

11、at we can是個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句，作動(dòng)詞do的賓語(yǔ)。根據(jù)句意“我們將會(huì)盡我們所能幫助這位生病的男子?！笨芍丝找脛?dòng)詞不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)。故選A。 6.“連接代(副)詞十動(dòng)詞不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)的用法 在英語(yǔ)中有些動(dòng)詞，如ask, know, learn, decide，tell等后可接“疑問(wèn)代(副)詞+不定式”作賓語(yǔ)。如: 【真題再現(xiàn)】(2017江蘇宿遷)The girl students are discussing the walls in the classroom. A. what to paint color B. to paint what color C. which color to p

12、aint D. to paint which color 【解析】C。此空要用“連接代(副)詞+動(dòng)詞不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)，“哪一種”用疑問(wèn)詞which。正確答案是C。 二、在固定句式中動(dòng)詞不定式的考查 1. had better do sth.意為“最好做某事”，常用來(lái)向?qū)Ψ教峤ㄗh，其否定式是had better not do sth.意為“最好不要做某事”。如: 【真題再現(xiàn)】(2016四川宜賓)It' s getting dark. You'd better out by yourself. It's dangerous. A. not go B. not to go C.

13、to go 【解析】根據(jù)had better (not) do sth.結(jié)構(gòu)可確定選A。 2.Why not do sth.?意為“為什么不做?”，也用來(lái)表示向?qū)Ψ教峤ㄗh。 【真題再現(xiàn)】(2017四川廣安)一Excuse me! Is there a supermarket near here? 一Sorry, I'm new here too. Why not the old lady over there? A. asking B. ask C. asks D. to ask 【解析】B。根據(jù)“Why not do sth.?”可確定選B。 3. prefer to do sth.

14、意為“更喜歡做某事”;would rather do sth. than do sth.意為“寧愿做而不做”。 【真題再現(xiàn)】(2017四川達(dá)州)一Do you prefer basketball with me? 一No, I'd rather at home and watch TV A. play; stay B. to play; to stay C. play; to stay D. to play; stay【解析】D。根據(jù)prefer to do sth.和wou1d rather do sth.可確定選D。 4. be supposed to do sth.意為“應(yīng)該破期

15、望做某事”。 【真題再現(xiàn)】(2016甘肅天水)一I always can't help TV plays with my mobilephone when I'm studying. 一It's not a good habit. You are supposed to it. A. watching; correcting B. watch; correct C. watch; correcting D. watching; correct 【解析】can't help doing意為“情不自禁做某事”，第一空填watching。第二空根據(jù)be suppose

16、d to do sth.確定填correct。故選D。 5.在口語(yǔ)句式中考查。 【真題再現(xiàn)】(2017貴州黔西南)一Tomorrow is Saturday. Would you like to go cyclingwith me? 一 A. I like it very much. B. Yes, I would. C. Sure, I' d love to. D. I think so. 【解析】“Would you like to.?”的肯定回答是“Yes, I'd love/like to.”。故選C。 三、對(duì)一些易混結(jié)構(gòu)的考查 1.有些動(dòng)詞后既可以接動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)，

17、也可以接動(dòng)詞-ing形式作賓語(yǔ)，但所表達(dá)的意義不同，應(yīng)注意區(qū)別。 remember / forget to do sth.記得/忘記要做某事;remember / forget doing sth.記得/忘記曾經(jīng)做過(guò)某事 【真題再現(xiàn)】(2017湖北黃石) 一 Jack, remember off the lights when the home. 一OK, I won't forget, mom. A. turning; leavingB. to turn; leave C. turning; left D. to turn; leaving 【解析】根據(jù)答語(yǔ)中的“I won'

18、t forget”可知，“關(guān)燈”這一動(dòng)作是將來(lái)發(fā)生還未發(fā)生的，應(yīng)用不定式，when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句應(yīng)用一般將來(lái)時(shí)，“be動(dòng)詞+瞬間動(dòng)詞的-ing形式”表示將要發(fā)生(現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行表將來(lái))，又主從句主語(yǔ)一致，從句中主語(yǔ)和be動(dòng)詞(you are)可省略。故選D。 2.在see, watch, find, feel等動(dòng)詞后，既可以接不帶to的動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，也可以接動(dòng)詞-ing形式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，前者表示動(dòng)作的全過(guò)程已結(jié)束，后者表示動(dòng)作的一部分正在進(jìn)行。 【真題再現(xiàn)】(2017江蘇徐州)I saw Tom his key in the lock, turn it and open the doo

19、r.A. put B. puttingC. puts D. to put 【解析】根據(jù)后半句“turn it and open the door”可知“把鑰匙插進(jìn)鎖里”這個(gè)動(dòng)作已結(jié)束了，要用動(dòng)詞原形。故選A。 3. stop to do sth.意為“停下來(lái)去做某事”，不定式作狀語(yǔ)，表示目的;stop doing sth.意為“停止做某事”，doing是stop的賓語(yǔ)，是要停止做的事情。 【真題再現(xiàn)】(2017江蘇常州)一Why doesn't the surgeon stop lunch? 一Because he is too busy a dying patient in the

20、operation room. A. to have; to save B. having; to save C. to have; saving D. having; saving 【解析】問(wèn)句的意思是“為什么這名外科醫(yī)生不停下來(lái)去吃午飯?”，所以第一空用stop to do sth.結(jié)構(gòu)。第二空根據(jù)be busy doing sth.確定填saving。故選C。 4. regret to do sth.意為“很遺憾地/抱歉地做某事(事情還沒(méi)有做)”; regret doing sth.意為“很遺憾后悔做了某事(為已經(jīng)做過(guò)的事而感到后悔)”。 【真題再現(xiàn)】(2015湖北襄陽(yáng))一Did you

21、 talk back to your mother when you were a child? 一Yes. But now I realize I was wrong. I really regret that silly thing to my mum. A. do B. to do C. doing D. did 【解析】由“But now I realize I was wrong.”可知“我真后悔做了對(duì)媽媽頂嘴這件蠢事?！惫蔬xC。 5. used to do sth.意為“過(guò)去常做某事，曾經(jīng)做某事”;be used to do sth.意為“被用來(lái)做某事”;be/get used t

22、o doing sth.意為“習(xí)慣于做某事”。 【真題再現(xiàn)】(2017江蘇泰州)Diana used to to work, but now she is used to because the road is crowded and she wants to keep fit. A. drive; walking B. drive; walk C. driving; walk D. driving; walking 【解析】前一空用used to do sth.表示“過(guò)去常常做某事”。后一空用be used to doing sth.表示“習(xí)慣做某事。”故選A。 四、小試牛刀 1.一Do y

23、ou have any places for the coming vacation? 一Sure. We decide Seacha in July. A. visit B. visiting C. visited D. to visit 2.一I'm sorry, Miss Green. I left my math book at home. 一It down' t matter. Please remember it here tomorrow. A. taking B. to take C. bringing D. to bring 3. As a volunteer

24、, the girl wants to visit sick kids in the hospital them up. A. to cheer B. cheerC. cheering D. cheered 4. Doctors in the town are using the books their studies and treat patients. A. continue B. to continue C. continuing D. continues 5. Mom does all the housework so that Sarah can take the time her

25、 words on paper. A. put B. putting C. to put D. puts 6. We only planne the play for an hour, but in the end, we stayed for three hours. A. watch B. watches C. to watch D. watched 7.一Mario, your mobile phone is ringing. 一Wait a minute. It' s dangerous for us it while crossing the street. A. answe

26、ring B. to answer C. answer D. answered 8.一I didn't hear you come in just now. 一That's good. I tried the baby up. A. to wake B. not to wake C. waking D. not wake 9. Our English teacher wants us English stories out of class. A. read B. reading C. to read D. to reading 10. For more than once,

27、our head teacher asks us the habit of keeping a diary. A. develop B. develops C. developing D. to develop 11. The child is crying. Please do something to make him . A. stop to cry B. stop crying C. to stop crying D. to stop crying 12. Vivian refuses her children to the weekend training centre for ex

28、tra classes A. to send B. sending C. sent D. sends 13. Whenever we kids come over, Auntie Susan just stands there and watches us sure we don't break anything. A. make B. made C. to make D. making 14. The headmaster warns us the school rules, or we'l1 be punished. A. to break B. not to break C. breaking D.