初中英語的6大時態(tài)

1、實(shí)用標(biāo)準(zhǔn)文檔1、一般現(xiàn)在時：用法：1）現(xiàn)階段經(jīng)常性，習(xí)慣性的動作。例如：I get up at six every morning.He plays tennis once a week.2）現(xiàn)在的狀態(tài)。例如：My mother is a teacher. She teaches English in a school.3）客觀真理。例如：The earth goes around the sun.4）常用于一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)的時間狀語：often , usually , sometimes , always , every day , never , in the morning 等連用 時。構(gòu)成

2、：主語是I, we, you, they和名詞復(fù)數(shù)時作謂語的行為動詞用原形。主語是 he, she , it 和名詞單數(shù)時，動詞第三人稱單數(shù)的變法如下：一般情況+ s以 s, x, ch, sh , o 結(jié)尾+ es以車南音+ y結(jié)尾變y為i + es主語為第三人稱和名詞單數(shù)時：肯定式:S+V/動詞的第三人稱單數(shù)否定式：S+ don't/doesn't +V+其他疑問式:Do/Does+S+V碘他簡略回答：（肯）Yes,S+do/does（否）No,S+do/does not注意：have的第三人稱單數(shù)為has主語肯定式否定式疑問式I am a student.I am not

3、 a student.Are you a student.第一、二人 稱和第三人We/You/ They are students.We/You/ They are not students.Areyou/theystudents?稱復(fù)數(shù)以及 名詞復(fù)數(shù)He/ She is a student.He/ She is not a student.I / We/ You/ They/ don 'Is he/ she a student?I / We/ You/ They/ like music.t like music.Many people don ' t likeDo you/

4、they like music?Many people like music.music.Do many people like music?當(dāng)主語是第一、二人稱和第三人稱復(fù)數(shù)以及名詞復(fù)數(shù)時：肯定式：S + be + ,一否定式：S+ be +not +,疑問式：Am /Is /Are + S+ 一？簡略回答：（肯）Yes,S + be.（ 否）No,S + be.練習(xí)題：1. - May I help you, sir?-Yes, I bought the TV the day before yesterday, but it.A. didn ' t work B. doesn &#

5、39; t work C. won ' t work D. can ' t work2. the bus until it.A. Get off, stops B. Get off, will stop C. Don' t get off, stops D. Don ' t getoff, will stop3. The 70-year-old man exercises in the morning.A. takes B. are taking C. took D. will take2.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時用法：1 ）說話時正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動作（動作是在說話時正在進(jìn)行

6、）。例如：She is having a bath now.2）現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動作（但是動作并不是必須在說話時正在進(jìn)行）。例如：You are working hard today.Kate wants to work in Italy, so she is learning Italian.The population of the world is growing very fast.3）頻度副詞always, forever等詞連用時，表示某種強(qiáng)烈的感情。如：He is always trying out new ideas.（表示欣賞，表揚(yáng)）4）表示按計劃即將發(fā)生的動作（僅限于

7、 go, come, arrive, leave, start, fly, begin, stay 動詞）。如：The party is beginning at 8:00 o ' clock.5）常用于現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時態(tài)的時間狀語：now ,look,listen 等。構(gòu)成：be+ v- ingv-ing現(xiàn)在分詞的構(gòu)成:一般情況cook-cooking以不發(fā)音字母e結(jié)尾的單詞。去e,加ingmake-making, taste-tasting以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾的單詞，末尾只有一個*北音字母時.run-running, stop-stopping,2）肯定句、否定句、疑問句形式:肯定句：S+b

8、e +V-ing否定旬：S+be+not + V-ing 一般疑問句：Is(Are)+S+V-ing ? 特殊疑問：wh_+ be + S + V-ing?e.g.主 語肯定式否定式疑問式第一、二人稱 和第三人稱 復(fù)數(shù)以及名 詞復(fù)數(shù)I am driving.He/She/It is working. We/You/They are doing something.I am not driving. He/She/Itisnotworking.We/You/They arenotdoing anything.Are you driving?Is he/she/it working?Are you

9、/they doing something?練習(xí)題:1. I don ' t think that it ' s true. She ' s lies.A. tell B. tells C. telling D. told2. How you with the new job?A. do, do B. do, get along C. are, doing D. are, getting on 3. - Are these socks yours?-No. Mine outside on the clothes line.A. are hanging B. have h

10、ung C. hang D. hung3. 一般將來時用法：1 .將要發(fā)生的動作。例如：I will leave for Beijing tomorrow.2 .將要存在的狀態(tài)。例如：This time next year I will be in Japan. Where will you be?3 .打算要做的事。例如：Are you going to watch the film on television tonight?3)常用于一般將來時的時間狀語：tomorrow next week in 2008等。構(gòu)成：1 .助動詞 will(shall)+v2 . be +going to

11、 +v練習(xí)題：1. I for Hong Kong on Saturday. Will you go to see me off at the airport?A. am leaving B. am left C. am going to leaving D. left2.I to see grandma and help her with some housework every week.A. came B. am going come C. come D. will come3We Chinese the Olympic Games in 2008.A. held B. shall ho

12、lding C. are holding D. are going to hold4. 一般過去時用法：1 .過去發(fā)生的動作。例如：The police stopped me on my way home last night.2,過去存在的狀態(tài)。例如：They weren't able to come because they were so busy.3.常用于一般過去時的時間狀語：yesterday , three months ago , last year , in 1979 , 等。構(gòu)成：S+V ed用動詞的過去式。作謂語的行為動詞的詞尾變化如下：一般情況+ed以e字母結(jié)尾

13、的車fft+d以車武音字母+ y結(jié)尾去y變i + ed重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾的單詞，末尾只有一個車有音字母雙寫詞尾字母+ed2） 一般過去時態(tài)的肯定句、否定句和疑問句形式（以 be和like為例）：主 語肯定式否定式疑問式I was a student.I was not aWere you a student.We/You/ They werestudent.Were you/ they students?第一、二人稱和第三students.We/You/ They wereWas he/ she a student?人稱復(fù)數(shù)以及名詞He/ She was anot students.復(fù)數(shù)stude

14、nt.He/ She was not aDid you/ they like music?student.Did many people like music?I / We/ You/ They/I / We/ You/ They/liked music.didn't like music.Many people likedMany people didn 'music.t like music.練習(xí)題：1. r. Mott is out. But he here a few minutes ago.A. was B. is C. will be D. would be精彩文案

15、實(shí)用標(biāo)準(zhǔn)文檔2. -Hi, Tom.-Hello, Fancy. I you were here.A.don ' t know B.won ' t think C. think D. didn' t know3. He promised to tell me by himself when I.1） come B. would come C. come D. had come5、過去進(jìn)行時概念：1）過去某一階段或某一時刻正在進(jìn)行的動作。例如：This time last year I was living in Brazil.What were you doing at

16、 10 o'clock last night?2）常用于過去進(jìn)行時的時間狀語：at four yesterday afternoon , then , at that time/moment 等。構(gòu)成： was / were +v-ing2） Daddy promised me he me a computerA. was bought B. had bought C bought D. would buy3） They said they do some sports if it was fine.A. were going to B. went C. would going D.

17、were going6、現(xiàn)在完成時概念：1）表示過去發(fā)生的動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果.常與already, just, ever, never, before等詞連用.如：She has never read this novel.2）表示“過去的動作”一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在并有可能繼續(xù)延續(xù)下去.常與for （后跟段時間）或since （后跟點(diǎn)時間）等連用.如：I have been a member of the Party for 10 years.I have been a member of the Party since 10 years ago.注：在有for和since引導(dǎo)時間狀語的句子

18、中不能用短暫性動詞，應(yīng)用與之相應(yīng)的表示狀態(tài) 的詞。如：He has died for 3 years.（F）He has been dead for 3 years.（T）注：現(xiàn)在完成時不能和表示明確的過去時間連用。如： in 1998, last morning 等have/has been to 表示“去過”（去了又回來了）have/has gone to 表示“去過”（去了沒回來了）如：Where has she gone?（句中所指的人不在）Where has she been?（句中作指的人在）構(gòu)成：精彩文案實(shí)用標(biāo)準(zhǔn)文檔have / has + v-ing2)現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)的肯定句、否

19、定句和疑問句形式(以 be和see為例)：肯定句：S+ have (has) +V-ed否定旬：S+ have (has) +not(haven ' t,hasn ' t)+V-ed一般疑問句：Have(Has)+ S+V-ed+ ?特殊疑問句：wh_+have(has)+ S+V-ed+ ?主 語肯定式否定式疑問式第一、二人稱 和第三人稱 復(fù)數(shù)以及名 詞復(fù)數(shù)I /We/You/ They have been here before.He/ She has been here before.I / We/ You/ They/ Many people have seen the

20、 film.I /We/You/ They haven ' t been here before.He/ She hasn ' t been here before .I / We/ You/ They/ Many people haven ' t seen the film.Have you/ they been here before?Has he/ she been here before?Have you/ they/ many people seen the film?練習(xí)題:1.-How long he a fever?-Ever since last night.A. have, got B. have , had C. have, caught D. did, have2 .My bowl is empty. Who all my soup?A