現(xiàn)在完成時(重點)

1、Winter has already come，will it still be far in spring ?冬天已經(jīng)來了，春天還會遠嗎？冬天已經(jīng)來了，春天還會遠嗎？主語主語 + have/ has + 過去分詞（過去分詞（pp）助動詞表示助動詞表示“有有” 現(xiàn)在完成時的結(jié)構(gòu)現(xiàn)在完成時的結(jié)構(gòu)Winter has already come，will it still be far in spring ?主語主語 + have/ has + 過去分詞（過去分詞（pp）否定形式否定形式 havent ( have not ） +過去分詞過去分詞 hasnt ( has not ) +過去分詞過去分

2、詞疑問句疑問句 把助動詞把助動詞 have / has 放在句首放在句首 現(xiàn)在完成時的結(jié)構(gòu)現(xiàn)在完成時的結(jié)構(gòu)注：主語若是第三人稱單數(shù)助動詞用注：主語若是第三人稱單數(shù)助動詞用 has1.過去發(fā)生的動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果。過去發(fā)生的動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果。2.過去已經(jīng)開始，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作或狀態(tài)過去已經(jīng)開始，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作或狀態(tài)動詞構(gòu)成：動詞構(gòu)成：have/has+v過去分詞過去分詞have breakfastI have just had my breakfast.(現(xiàn)在我不餓現(xiàn)在我不餓)Im not hungry nowmoved herein 2000I still live her

3、eI have lived here for eight years.I have lived here since 2000/eight years ago.I have been living here for eight years.Mother: Dear son, clean your teeth please.Son: Mum, I them.Mother: Dear, tell your father to have breakfast please.Son: Mum, dad breakfast .Father: Tell your mother to buy some mil

4、k, son.Son: Oh, she some.Mother: Dear , you must clean our house today?Father: Honey, we our house.1、規(guī)則變化（過去分詞與過去時變化規(guī)則一樣）、規(guī)則變化（過去分詞與過去時變化規(guī)則一樣）(1)、一般動詞，在詞尾直接加、一般動詞，在詞尾直接加“ ed ”。 work-worked-worked visit-visited-visited (2)、以、以“ e ”結(jié)尾的動詞，只在詞尾加結(jié)尾的動詞，只在詞尾加“ d ”。 live-lived 過去分詞過去分詞(3)、以、以“輔音字母輔音字母 + y ”

5、結(jié)尾的動詞，將結(jié)尾的動詞，將 “y” 變?yōu)樽優(yōu)?“i”， 再加再加“ ed ”。 ， study-studied-studied cry-cried-cried(4)、重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾，末尾只有一個輔音字母，、重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾，末尾只有一個輔音字母， 先雙寫該輔音字母，再加先雙寫該輔音字母，再加“ ed ”。 stop-stopped-stopped drop-dropped-dropped 2、不規(guī)則變化、不規(guī)則變化（過去分詞與不規(guī)則動詞的過去式形式一樣）（過去分詞與不規(guī)則動詞的過去式形式一樣）havehadhad spend spentspent makemademaden saysaidsa

6、id findfoundfound hearheardheard 3、不規(guī)則變化、不規(guī)則變化（過去分詞與過去式形式不一樣）（過去分詞與過去式形式不一樣）taketooktaken speak spokespoken singsangsung drivedrovedriven bewas/werebeen gowentgone 4、不規(guī)則變化、不規(guī)則變化（過去分詞，過去式與動詞原形一樣）（過去分詞，過去式與動詞原形一樣）cutcutcutput putput letletletreadreadread 1.規(guī)則動詞 2.不規(guī)則動詞finishlivecarrystopgoseeforget-fi

7、nished -finished-lived -lived-carried -carried-stopped -stopped-wentgone-saw seen-forgot-forgotten抄寫動詞以及過去式和過去分詞。 1.be- e 3.go- 4.do 5.have- 6.drink 7.give- 8. eat 9.know- 10.make 11.run- 12.say 13.see- 14.find 15.draw- 16.get 17.hear- 18.begin 19.buy- 20.leavewas/were -beencame-comewent-gonedid-don

8、ehad-haddrank-drunkgave-givenate-eatenknew-knownmade-maderan-runsaid-saidsaw-seenfound-founddrew-drawngot-gotheard-heardbegan-begunbought-boughtleft-left現(xiàn)在完成時的用法現(xiàn)在完成時的用法1) 表示到現(xiàn)在為止已經(jīng)完成或剛剛完成的動作。表示到現(xiàn)在為止已經(jīng)完成或剛剛完成的動作。Now we have planted all the trees.He has just come back. They have built many buildings

9、in this city. 2) 表示過去發(fā)生的動作表示過去發(fā)生的動作,強調(diào)結(jié)果或?qū)ΜF(xiàn)在的影響。強調(diào)結(jié)果或?qū)ΜF(xiàn)在的影響。Someone has broken the window. (窗戶現(xiàn)在是壞的窗戶現(xiàn)在是壞的)I have already lost the key. (我現(xiàn)在沒有鑰匙我現(xiàn)在沒有鑰匙)I havent read that book yet . (不了解書的內(nèi)容不了解書的內(nèi)容)I have just cleaned my hands. (手是干凈的手是干凈的)常與常與already(已經(jīng)已經(jīng)), yet(已經(jīng)已經(jīng)), just(剛剛剛剛),ever(曾經(jīng)曾經(jīng))等詞連用等詞連用.

10、 already: 常用于肯定句中常用于肯定句中. yet: 常用于否定句常用于否定句,疑問句尾疑問句尾. 3) 表示從過去開始并持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作或狀態(tài)，常表示從過去開始并持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作或狀態(tài)，常與包括現(xiàn)在在內(nèi)的一段時間的狀語連用。與包括現(xiàn)在在內(nèi)的一段時間的狀語連用。 She has learned English for 5 years. He has lived in Beijing since he was born . Has he lived in Shenzhen for 4 years? 常與for, since引導的時間短語或從句連用. for+ 時間段 since+時間點

11、, since+ 句子注：并非所有for作為時間狀語的句子都用現(xiàn)在完成時I worked here for more than twenty years.(我現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)不在這里工作了我現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)不在這里工作了)I have worked here for more than twenty years.（現(xiàn)在我仍在這里工作）（現(xiàn)在我仍在這里工作）since: (自自以來以來)1)since+時間點時間點He has stayed here since 5 oclock.2)since+ 時間段時間段+ agoHe has stayed here since 5 hours ago.3)since+

12、從句從句She has taught English since he came here. for: (長達）長達）for+ 時間段時間段He has kept the book for 2 weeks.since , for 的用法的用法: Take notes 用for 或since填空Mr. Brown has had his TV _ 15 years. Ive taken driving lessons _last month. My sister has had her cell phone _a month . My friends havent visited me _my

13、birthday. We havent used our car _ a long time . She hasnt had a good cup of coffee _years. Tom has worn glasses _he was 7 years old. for since forsinceforforsinceHe has gone to Shanghai.他他(已經(jīng)已經(jīng))去上海了。去上海了。He has been to Shanghai.他他(曾經(jīng)曾經(jīng)) 去過上海。去過上海。has gone to swh. :某人去了某地，還沒有回來have been to swh. : 曾經(jīng)

14、去過某地，已經(jīng)回來辨析 have gone to 和have been to辨析 have been to和 have gone toMy father has gone to Shanghai for a meeting.他（已經(jīng)）去了上海。My father has been to Shanghai for a meeting.他（曾經(jīng)）去了上海。 She has been to China . 她（曾經(jīng)）去過中國。（人已經(jīng)回來了）have been to someplace. 曾經(jīng)去過某地，已經(jīng)回來曾經(jīng)去過某地，已經(jīng)回來has gone to someplace.某人去了某地，還沒有回來

15、某人去了某地，還沒有回來 She has gone to China last week.上周她去了上海 。（人可能回來了也可能沒回來）用用have/has been to, have/has gone to填空填空：1.Where is your brother? He _ the shop. Hell be back soon.2. _ you ever _ to America? Yes, I _ New York twice.3. Here you are at last! Where _ you _? I _ London.4. David _Australia. Im sure h

16、es already arrived.5. Is Benny here? No, he _ the school library. He left five minutes ago.has gone toHave been tohave been tohave beenhave been tohas gone tohas gone to 常用于現(xiàn)在完成時的時間副詞常用于現(xiàn)在完成時的時間副詞,介詞介詞:already (已經(jīng)): 用于肯定句I have already posted the letter .yet(已經(jīng)): 用于否定句,疑問句 He hasnt done his homework

17、 yet.just(剛剛) They have just left. ever(曾經(jīng)) Have you ever been to Beijing ?never(從不) I have never seen him .before(以前) Have you seen the film before?since(自從以來) Ive worked in the school since 1999.for(長達) Hes lived in Shenzhen for 6 years.in the past several days / weeks/ years(在過去的)recently(最近) I h

18、ave not written to my parents recently.so far(到目前為止) So far she has learned 5 English songs.up to now(到目前為止)this morning/month/year(今天早上/這個月/今年)真真 題題 解解 析析1. By the end of last year we _ more than 200 students of English all over the province.(02) A. trained B. would have trained C. had trained D. h

19、ave trained2. Catherine is one of the brightest students who _ from the Department of Computer Science, Brown University.(02) A. is graduated B. has graduated C. are graduated D. have graduated3. They started off at about 5 oclock in the morning. They should _ there by now.(02) A. arrive B. have bee

20、n arriving C. have arrived D. be arriving4. Allen _ any good job since he came to New York City two years ago.A. hasnt found B. didnt find C. doesnt find D. hadnt found(03)5. Its reported that by the end of last month the sale of the company _ by 10%.(04) A. has risen B. had been rising C. had risen

21、 D. has been rising6. Mary has a lot of letters to write today. She _ all afternoon and she _yet.(05) A. has been writing; hasnt finished B. has written; hasnt finished C. writes; doesnt finish D. wrote; didnt finish7. The number of girls receiving college education_ in the country during the past 1

22、0 years.(06) A. is doubled B. has doubled C. was doubled D. had doubled8. The old man went to the information center soon after his arrival as the city _ so much.(07) A. is changing B. changes C. had changed D. has changed9. It is over a year now since I came to the company, but I_ the manager yet.(

23、08) A. havent met B didnt meet C dont meet D wouldnt meet10. You cant do anything else until you your homework.(09) A. finished B. will finish C. have finished D. had finished11. He told me that the number of students to be admitted at that time. A. had not been decided on B. were not decided on(09)

24、 C. has not been decided on D. are not decided onHomework: 模擬試卷：模擬試卷： P8，6 P16.17 P30.19 P37.15 P37.20 寫出下列動詞的過去式及過去分詞。1 leave -_-_2 catch-_-_3 tell-_-_4 stand-_-_5 get-_-_6 hurt-_-_7 put-_-_8 come-_-_9 run-_-_10 begin-_-_11 swim-_-_12 draw-_-_13 know-_-_14 do-_-_15 go-_-_16 give-_-_17 see-_-_18 drive-