S3c2440觸摸屏畢設(shè)外文翻譯

1、.學(xué) 號(hào)：200712040116HEBEI UNITED UNIVERSITY畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)翻譯（漢譯英）原文：基于ARM9的TFT觸摸屏顯示模塊設(shè)計(jì)隨著信息技術(shù)的飛速發(fā)展，人們對(duì)電子產(chǎn)品的智能化，便捷化，人性化要求也不斷地提高，觸摸屏作為一種人性化得輸入輸出設(shè)備，在我國(guó)的應(yīng)用范圍非常的廣闊，是依附有吸引力的多媒體交互設(shè)備。目前，觸摸屏的要求動(dòng)力主要來自于消費(fèi)電子產(chǎn)品，如手機(jī)，PDA，便攜式導(dǎo)航設(shè)備，MP4，數(shù)碼相機(jī)，平板電腦等。隨著觸摸屏的技術(shù)不斷地發(fā)展，他在其他電子產(chǎn)品種的應(yīng)用也會(huì)得到不斷地延伸的。嵌入式觸摸屏裝置是人機(jī)交互的設(shè)備，一般觸摸屏安裝在液晶顯示頻上面，利用微處理器對(duì)觸摸屏和液晶顯示

2、屏進(jìn)行控制，實(shí)現(xiàn)觸摸屏對(duì)液晶顯示屏的可控制，方便，直觀，取代了傳統(tǒng)的鍵盤輸入和鼠標(biāo)的操作，它與鼠標(biāo)這類的點(diǎn)對(duì)定位系統(tǒng)的本質(zhì)區(qū)別是一次到位的直觀性。TFT技術(shù)是二十世紀(jì)九十年代發(fā)展起來的，采用新材料和新工藝的大規(guī)模半導(dǎo)體全集成電路制造技術(shù)，是液晶（LC）、無機(jī)和有機(jī)薄膜電致發(fā)光（EL和OEL）平板顯示器的基礎(chǔ)。TFT是在玻璃或塑料基板等非單晶片上（當(dāng)然也可以在晶片上）通過濺射、化學(xué)沉積工藝形成制造電路必需的各種膜，通過對(duì)膜的加工制作大規(guī)模半導(dǎo)體集成電路（LSIC）。采用非單晶基板可以大幅度地降低成本，是傳統(tǒng)大規(guī)模集成電路向大面積、多功能、低成本方向的延伸。在大面積玻璃或塑料基板上制造控制像元（L

3、C或OLED）開關(guān)性能的TFT比在硅片上制造大規(guī)模IC的技術(shù)難度更大。對(duì)生產(chǎn)環(huán)境的要求（凈化度為100級(jí)），對(duì)原材料純度的要求（電子特氣的純度為99.999985），對(duì)生產(chǎn)設(shè)備和生產(chǎn)技術(shù)的要求都超過半導(dǎo)體大規(guī)模集成，是現(xiàn)代大生產(chǎn)的頂尖技術(shù)。其主要特點(diǎn)有：（1）大面積（2）高集成度（3）功能強(qiáng)大（4）低成本（5）工藝靈活（6）應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域廣泛TFT-LCD的顯示屏的工作原理：TFT-LCD將點(diǎn)陣像素分割成紅、綠、藍(lán)三個(gè)子像素，并在其對(duì)應(yīng)位置的器件內(nèi)表面設(shè)置R、G、B 三個(gè)微型濾色膜，此時(shí)液晶顯示器件只作為一個(gè)光閥，控制每個(gè)子像素光閥，就可以控制濾色膜透過光的通斷；控制光閥的灰度等級(jí)就可以控制相應(yīng)濾色

4、膜透過光的多少；利用R、G、B這三個(gè)子像素透過的不同光量，便可以混合加色實(shí)現(xiàn)極為豐富的彩色。如果R、G、B這三個(gè)子像素均可實(shí)現(xiàn)人眼對(duì)灰度分辨能力256級(jí)灰度驅(qū)動(dòng)，就可以實(shí)現(xiàn)有256x256x256約1600萬種彩色的“真彩色”。TFT-LCD的主要特點(diǎn)是在每個(gè)像素配置一個(gè)半導(dǎo)體開關(guān)器件，由于每個(gè)像素都可以通過點(diǎn)脈沖直接控制，使得每個(gè)節(jié)點(diǎn)相對(duì)獨(dú)立，并可以連續(xù)控制。TFT-LCD具有屏幕反應(yīng)速度快，對(duì)比度和亮度都教高，屏幕可視角度大，色彩豐富、分辨率高等特點(diǎn)，是目前最好的LCD彩色顯示設(shè)備之一。TFT-LCD的觸屏的工作原理：當(dāng)手指觸摸屏幕是，兩層的電層就再觸摸點(diǎn)位置就有了接觸，控制器偵測(cè)到這一接

5、觸點(diǎn)，并計(jì)算出（X，Y）的位置，在根據(jù)模擬鼠標(biāo)的方式運(yùn)作。TFT-LCD的主要優(yōu)點(diǎn)隨著九十年代初TFT技術(shù)的成熟，彩色液晶平板顯示器迅速發(fā)展，不到10年的時(shí)間，TFT-LCD迅速成長(zhǎng)為主流顯示器，這與它具有的優(yōu)點(diǎn)是分不開的。主要特點(diǎn)是： （1）使用特性好低壓應(yīng)用，低驅(qū)動(dòng)電壓，固體化使用安全性和可靠性提高；平板化，又輕薄，節(jié)省了大量原材料和使用空間；低功耗，它的功耗約為CRT顯示器的十分之一，反射式TFT-LCD甚至只有CRT的百分之一左右，節(jié)省了大量的能源；TFT-LCD產(chǎn)品還有規(guī)格型號(hào)、尺寸系列化，品種多樣，使用方便靈活、維修、更新、升級(jí)容易，使用壽命長(zhǎng)等許多特點(diǎn)。顯示范圍覆蓋了從1英寸至4

6、0英寸范圍內(nèi)的所有顯示器的應(yīng)用范圍以及投影大平面，是全尺寸顯示終端；顯示質(zhì)量從最簡(jiǎn)單的單色字符圖形到高分辨率，高彩色保真度，高亮度，高對(duì)比度，高響應(yīng)速度的各種規(guī)格型號(hào)的視頻顯示器；顯示方式有直視型，投影型，透視式，也有反射式。 （2）環(huán)保特性好無輻射、無閃爍，對(duì)使用者的健康無損害。特別是TFT-LCD電子書刊的出現(xiàn)，將把人類帶入無紙辦公、無紙印刷時(shí)代，引發(fā)人類學(xué)習(xí)、傳播和記栽文明方式的革命。 （3）適用范圍寬從-20到+50的溫度范圍內(nèi)都可以正常使用，經(jīng)過溫度加固處理的TFT-LCD低溫工作溫度可達(dá)到零下80。既可作為移動(dòng)終端顯示，臺(tái)式終端顯示，又可以作大屏幕投影電視，是性能優(yōu)良的全尺寸視頻顯

7、示終端。 （4）制造技術(shù)的自動(dòng)化程度高大規(guī)模工業(yè)化生產(chǎn)特性好。TFT-LCD產(chǎn)業(yè)技術(shù)成熟，大規(guī)模生產(chǎn)的成品率達(dá)到90%以上。 （5）TFT-LCD易于集成化和更新?lián)Q代是大規(guī)模半導(dǎo)體集成電路技術(shù)和光源技術(shù)的完美結(jié)合，繼續(xù)發(fā)展?jié)摿艽蟆Ｄ壳坝蟹蔷?、多晶和單晶硅TFT-LCD，將來會(huì)有其它材料的TFT，既有玻璃基板的又有塑料基板。本設(shè)計(jì)實(shí)現(xiàn)了以S3C2440處理器為硬件，為可移植的嵌入式linux系統(tǒng)編寫TFT-LCD屏系統(tǒng)驅(qū)動(dòng)技術(shù)。該驅(qū)動(dòng)基于linux系統(tǒng)幀緩沖技術(shù)，既實(shí)現(xiàn)驅(qū)動(dòng)底層S3C2440的LCD控制器又為上層應(yīng)用程序提供系統(tǒng)調(diào)用的接口API。在將編寫好的驅(qū)動(dòng)程序編寫的內(nèi)核中，將編譯好的內(nèi)核

8、燒寫到開發(fā)板上。建立LINUX系統(tǒng)的開發(fā)環(huán)境，編寫個(gè)測(cè)試程序，進(jìn)行交叉編譯后移入開發(fā)板中運(yùn)行，檢測(cè)驅(qū)動(dòng)程序。譯文：the module design of TFT touch screen display based on ARM9With the rapid development of information technology, people have more and more demand on the intelligence, convenience, humanity of electronic products. Touch screen, as a humanized i

9、nput and output device, is a kind of attractive multimedia interactive device, which is widely used in our country.At present, the requested power of touch screen is mainly from consumer electronic products such as mobile phone, PDA, portable navigation devices, MP4, digital camera and tablet comput

10、er and so on.Embedded touch screen device is man-machine interactive devices, generally the touch screens installed above the LCD, in which using the microprocessor to control the LCD with touch-screen, and also realize the controllability to the LCD, which is convenient and intuitive, it replaced t

11、he traditional operation by keyboard and mouse. In addition, the essential difference between the embedded touch screen device and mouse, a kind of point to positioning system, is that it has the character of intuitive once in place.TFT technology, developed during the 1990s, is a kind of large-scal

12、e semiconductor manufacturing technology that employs new materials and new technology, which is the foundation of LC, inorganic and the organic thin-film electroluminescent flat-panel display. TFT is applying on single chip,such as a glass or plastic substrate, through applying the sputtering, chem

13、ical deposition technology to shaping various membrane which is necessary for reproducing manufacturing circuit, and also through the processing of membrane to manufacture mass semiconductor integrated circuit.Single crystal substrate can lower greatly the cost, and it is the outspread of the tradit

14、ional large scale integrated circuit to large area, multi-function, low cost. It is more difficult to manufacture TFT that control LC or OLED switch performance on large glass or plastic substrates than manufacture large-scale IC technology on silicon. Single crystal substrate is the top technology

15、of modern production, its requirements for production environment( purification degrees is 100 levels), for purity of raw materials(purity of electronic special gas is 99.999985%), and for production equipment and production technology are more strict than semiconductor large-scale integrated. Its m

16、ain characteristics are：（1）large area（2）High level of integration（3）Powerful（4）Lowcost（5）Process flexible（6）Extensive applying fieldTft-lcd screen principle of work:Tft-lcd will bitmap pixel divided into red, green and blue three sub-pixel, and in its corresponding position within the device set R,

17、G, surface of three miniature filter color film B, when LCD display device only as a light valve, control each sub-pixel light valve, filter can be used to control the color film; hige through light Control of gray level light valve to control the corresponding filter through light color film how mu

18、ch; Using R, G, B this three sub-pixel through different amount of light, can add color realize mixed color. Extremely rich If R, G, B this three sub-pixel all can realize to gray eye distinguishing ability 256 level gray drive, can realize 256x256x256 about 16 million color "true color".

19、The main characteristic of tft-lcd in each pixel is configuring a semiconductor switching devices, since each pixel can directly control through the point pulse, make each node is a relatively independent, and can continuous control. Tft-lcd screen reaction speed, with high brightness and contrast i

20、s taught, screen visible Angle is big, color is rich, the resolution higher characteristic, is the best one of the LCD color display equipment.Tft-lcd touch screen of the working principle:When a finger touch screen is the electrical layer, two layer again touch point had contact, controller to dete

21、ct the contact point, and compute (X, Y) position, according to simulate the way in mouse operation.the principal advantage of TFT-LCD:As in the early 1990s, TFT technology has gradually become mature, color LCD flat-panel display is in rapid development, TFT-LCD rapidly growth and become the mainst

22、ream display in less than 10 years, and this is impartible for its advantage. Its main characteristic: (1)excelent operating characteristicLow voltage application, low driving voltage, reliability and safety of the use of solidification has been enhanced; Flat optimization, and frivolous, which save

23、s abundant raw materials and used space; Low power consumption, its power consumption is only about one-tenth of the CRT monitor, and the reflecting TFT-LCD is even only about one percent of the CRT, which saves a huge amount of energy; TFT-LCD products have their own specifications and size seriati

24、on, which is numerous in variety and convenient in use, and also easy to maintenance. update as well as upgrade, what's more, long working life and many other features. Its display range covers all the display that ranges from 1 inch to 40 inch and projection large plane, which is full-size disp

25、lay terminal; Its display quality ranges from the most simple monochromatic character graphics to various specifications and types of video monitorshigh resolution with high color fidelity, high brightness, high contrast and high response speed; Display modes are direct type, projection type, perspe

26、ctive type, and also reflection-type.(2)favourable environmental features It is radiationless and free of flashing, and is no harm to the user's health. Especially as the emergence of TFT-LCD electronic books, human beings will come into an era that with paperless office and no paper printing, a

27、nd it will also cause human to learning, disseminating and recording the civilization way(3)Wide application scopeIt can be used normally in the temperature ranging from 20below zero to 50 , and TFT-LCD, that had been reinforced by temperature, its low-temperature working temperature can achieve 80

28、below zero. TFT-LCD can be either as mobile terminal display, or desktop terminal display, or can be big screen TV, is a full size video display terminal with fine performance.(4)High degree of automation of manufacturing technology. Large-scale industrialization has the feature of good poducing characteristic. TFT-LCD industry is now technologically mature, and mass production yield up to 90%.（5） TFT-LCD easy integration and renewalTFT-LC