八年級下Unit講義

1、【詞組掃描】1.skating marathon滑雪馬拉松比賽2. a pair of skates一雙溜冰鞋 two pairs of shoes兩雙鞋3. since nine oclock從九點以來4. Hilltop School 山頂學校5. raise money for charity為慈善事業(yè)籌集資金6. the first one to start 第一個開始7. skate for the whole five hours 滑冰整整五個小時8. an hour ago一小時前9. three and a half years (= three years and a hal

2、f) 三年半【句型展示】1. How long have you been in class today? 你今天上了多長時間的課？how long “多長”或“多長時間”。對長度或時間段提問。 How long have you learned English? 你學英語多長時間了? For two years. 兩年了。2. Im talking to you from Hilltop School skating marathon. 我正在山頂學?；R拉松現(xiàn)場向你報導。3. Alison was the first one to start skating. 艾利森是第一個開始滑冰的。

3、4. I have been playing basketball for three and a half years. 我打籃球已經(jīng)有三年半了?！驹~匯解析】 pair (由兩部分合在一起的單個物品) 一對，一雙 a pair of 一雙，一對 pairs of 幾雙，幾對a pair of skates/ shoes/ glasses/ trousers/ jeansa new pair of shoes two old pairs of skates three expensive pairs of glasses 注意：修飾名詞的形容詞，要放在pair前。Section B【詞組掃描】

4、1.run out of 用完，用光2. start a snow globe collectors club開一個雪球收集者的俱樂部3. by the way順便一提，附帶說說【句型展示】1. I'd like to collect stamps because they are interesting 我喜歡集郵，因為它們特別有趣。2. He has been collecting kites since he was ten years old. 他自從十歲起就在收集風箏了。3. Thanks for sending me the snow globe of the monste

5、r 非常感謝你送我怪獸雪(花水晶)球。4. Weve run out of room to store them 我們已經(jīng)用完了儲存它們(snow globes)的空間。5. The first one I ever got was a birthday cake snow globe on my seventh birthday. 我得到的第一個水晶球是我七歲生日時收到的一個生日蛋糕水晶球。6. If you know anyone else who collects them, please tell me. 如果你認識其他任何一個（喜歡）收藏它們的人，請告訴我。7. By the way

6、，what's your hobby? 順便問一下，你的愛好是什么?(1) by the way在句中作插入語，意為“且說，順便提一下，還有”，常用來介紹一般性的話題，或在腦子里突然想起的事情。Well wait for you，by the way，dinner will be at eight我們等你，還有晚飯是八點開。I was reading when the UFO landed，by the way，it was “The Last Day ”飛碟著陸時我在看書，順便提一下，我看的是“末日”。By the way，have you seen her lately? 順便問一

7、下，你近來見過她嗎?(2) hobby “愛好”，可數(shù)名詞。 His hobby is reading One of my hobbies is math 【固定搭配】1. would like to do sth. 想要做某事2. Thanks for doing sth. 感謝某人做了某事(為做某事感謝某人)。3. send sb. sth.= send sth. to sb. 送給某人某物Self Check【詞組掃描】1.organize a talent show組織一場才藝表演2. finish writing the test 完成測試3. run out of time/roo

8、m 用完時間/空間4. the school newspaper 校報5. write in English用英語寫 6. be interested in .對感興趣 7. extra English lessons 額外的英語課【句型展示】1. Our class is organizing a talent show to raise money for charity. 我們班正在組織一場才藝表演為慈善事業(yè)籌款。2. My hobby is colleting old coins. 我的愛好是收集舊硬幣。3. I'm interested in the job as a wri

9、ter. 我對當作者的工作感興趣?！驹~匯解析】interesting “有趣的”，描述事物的特征。interested “感覺有趣的”，描述人的感覺，多用于短語be interested in。I would like to collect stamps, because they are interesting. 我喜歡收集郵票，因為它們是有趣的。This is an interesting topic. 這是個有趣的話題。I am interested in Russian history. 我對俄國歷史感興趣?！緦W海拾貝】 how long, how often, how soonhow

10、 long “多長”，用來提問有多長時間，答語通常是表示一段時間的話。How long are you going to stay here? Five days.How long did he live in China? More than two years也可提問長度。How long is the road? Its about 500 meters.how often “多長時間一次”，用來提問在某一特定的時間內進行某個動作的次數(shù)，答語通常是never，sometimes，quite often，usually，three times a year等表示頻度的副詞或短語。How o

11、ften do you go to the library?Once a dayhow soon “(需要)多久”，謂語動詞多用終止性動詞，即某一動作要花多長時間才能完成或發(fā)生，常與將來時連用，答語常用in a weekmonthyear等。How soon can you finish the work? May be in three daysHow soon will he get here?In half an hourReading Ive been studying history in China.【詞組掃描】1. more than (=over) 2. be in style

12、 3. a thousand years (ago) thousands of people 4. understand any culture 5. learn about Chinese history 6. for a foreigner like me 7. work far away 【句型展示】1. This is an interesting city with a very colorful history. 這是一個有著多彩歷史的有趣城市。2. Some of the old buildings in Harbin are in Russian style. 哈爾濱的一些老建

13、筑具有俄羅斯風格。3. The first Jews probably came to Kaifeng more than a thousand years ago and were welcomed by the Song Emperor. 第一批猶太人很可能在一千多年前就來到了開封，并受到了宋朝皇帝的熱烈歡迎。4. My friends in Australia said that Chinese history was very hard to understand. 我澳大利亞的朋友說中國歷史很難理解。5. The more I learn about Chinese history,

14、 the more I enjoy living in China. 我對中國的歷史了解得越多，我就越喜歡住在中國?！竟潭ù钆洹?. be hard to do sth. 做某事很難2. the + 比較級，the + 比較級 (the more , the more )的用法 意為“越，就越”，學習下列例子，體會該結構的用法：(1) The more he gets, the more he wants. 他獲得越多，他就想得越多。(2) The more she learns, the more she wants to learn. 她學得越多，她就想學得越多。(3) The highe

15、r the ground is, the thinner air becomes. 地面越高，空氣就變得越稀薄。(4) The harder he worked, the more he got. 他工作得越努力，他獲得就越多。(5) The harder you work, the greater progress you will make. 你工作得越努力，你將取得越大的進步。(6) The more, the better. 越多越好。 (7) The sooner, the better. 越快越好。(8) The more English you practice, the bet

16、ter your English is. 你練習英語越多，你的英語就越好。(9)The busier he is, the happier he feels. 他越忙，他感覺越好。(10) The less he worried , the better he worked .他擔心地越少，他工作得越好。3. enjoy doing sth. 喜歡做某事Grammar【現(xiàn)在完成進行時】. 構成形式：have / has been + 動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞. 概念：表示從過去開始一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作，并且(有可能)還將持續(xù)下去。常與for, since, how long等詞連用，句子中多用延續(xù)性動詞

17、，如：live，learn，study，work等。1. I have been writing the letter since 8 oclock. 從8點起我一直在寫信。 （“寫信”從過去一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在還在繼續(xù)）2. I have been collecting stamps for ten years. 自從10年前我就收集郵票了。 （“收集郵票”從過去一直現(xiàn)在還在收集）。3. How long have you been living here? 你已經(jīng)住在這兒多長時間了？ （“居住”從過去一直到現(xiàn)在還在繼續(xù)）4. I have been learning English since

18、three years ago. 自從三年前以來我一直在學英語。（“學英語”從過去一直到現(xiàn)在，還將繼續(xù)學下去）5. We have been waiting for you for half an hour. 我們已經(jīng)等你半個鐘頭了。(“等你”從過去一直到現(xiàn)在，還會繼續(xù)等)常用以下句型來表示: for + 一段時間have / has been + doing sth + since + 過去的時間點 since + 從句 (一般過去時) for + 時間段 = since + 時間段 + agofor two days = since two days ago for five months

19、 =since five months ago for half an hour = since half an hour ago for three weeks = since three weeks ago 成龍（ Jackie Chan ）1954: born1961 now: actingHow long has Jackie Chan been acting?He has been acting for 49 years.He has been acting since 1961.He has been acting since he was 7 years old. 牛刀小試A.用

20、for/since填空。1. Ive been practicing the piano _ 10:30.2. Mario has been running _ 15 minutes.3. Sarah has been sleeping _ 9:00.4. Dale has been talking on the phone _ five minutes.5. Louie has been studying Chinese _ he was six years old.B.動詞應用。1. Miss Wang often _ (raise) money for charity. 2. When

21、_ you _ class today? I _ (start) class an hour ago. 3. How long _ you _ (skate)? Ive been skating for five hours. 4. Her daughter _ (finish) writing her test an hour ago.5. My pal friend _ (send) me several old coins next Sunday.6. That collector _ (listen) to music now.7. My son would like _ (colle

22、ct) stamps. 8. My son _ (write) in English since he was ten years old.9. How long _ you _ (collect) shells? Since I _ (be) seven years old.10. Mr Hu _ (teach) some foreigners since last year. C.句型轉換。1. The player has been skating for five hours today. (對劃線部分提問)_ _ has the player _ skating today? 2.

23、I have been sleeping since eight hours ago. (同1) _ _ have _ been sleeping? 3. How long have you been collecting shells? (用twenty years 回答)I have been collecting shells _ _ years. 4. How long have the boys been flying kites? (用since thirty minutes 回答) They _ _ flying _ thirty minutes ago.5. I have be

24、en interested in the job as a writer for eight years. (同義句) I have been interested in the job as a writer _ eight years _.1.現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)表示過去發(fā)生的動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結果。本時態(tài)標志詞：already （“已經(jīng)”，用于肯定句中，放在have /has之后或句尾）；yet （“仍然”“還”，用于疑問句或否定句的句尾）just（“剛剛”，放在have /has之后）；before（“以前”，放在句尾）；ever（“曾經(jīng)”，放在have /has之后）never （“從沒

25、有”，在have /has之后）例句：1.Our teacher has just left. 2.We have studied English already.3.I have not finished the homework yet.4.He has never been to Beijing before.2.現(xiàn)在完成進行式：某個動作從過去已經(jīng)開始,一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在,還有可能持續(xù)到將來.動作的持續(xù)性要通過一段時間來表示一段時間的表達方法有兩種:for: +一段時間 for a year for two weeks for three yearsSince +過去的某一時刻, since nine since last week Since +