四級(jí)考試中積極詞匯歸納之一

1、 四級(jí)考試中積極詞匯歸納之一 華中農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)外語系 胡素芬 首先歸納英語四級(jí)考試中以a開頭的積極詞匯。所謂積極詞匯，是學(xué)生們的“五會(huì)詞匯”，即會(huì)聽，會(huì)說，會(huì)讀，會(huì)寫，會(huì)譯的詞匯。通過分析英語四級(jí)考試各種題型，尤其是閱讀題，我們可以發(fā)現(xiàn)以下積極詞匯。它們大致可分為名詞，形容詞和動(dòng)詞等。對(duì)于不同詞性的單詞有著不同記憶技巧和掌握要求。首先，是名詞，如accent口音，acid酸,advantage 優(yōu)勢(shì), adult, 成年人advertisement廣告, agent, 代理人，代理商；動(dòng)因，原因；agency代理商，經(jīng)銷商； alcohol含酒精的飲料，酒精；ambition抱負(fù)；anxiety焦

2、慮；atmosphere氣氛；application申請(qǐng)，應(yīng)用等詞匯，對(duì)于這些詞匯，我們只要記住它們的意思，或者注意它們與某些詞的區(qū)別，或者這些名詞搭配就可以了。如accent 和 dialect，utterance，pronunciation 的區(qū)別，atmosphere 和 circumstance ,surrounding 的區(qū)別;advantage over sth/sb 在某方面占優(yōu)勢(shì)，給某人優(yōu)勢(shì); application for sth to sb向某人申請(qǐng)，請(qǐng)求某事。其次是形容詞如absolute絕對(duì)的，無條件的；完全的；abundant豐富的，充裕的，大量的, acid酸的；尖

3、刻的；accurate 精確的，準(zhǔn)確的；advanced,先進(jìn)的，高級(jí)的；academic學(xué)術(shù)的；高等院校的；研究院的；adequate適當(dāng)?shù)?；足夠；anxious,焦急的；approximate大概的；awkward尷尬的，等詞匯，只需要記住意思，或者某些固定搭配即可。如be abundant in sth充裕.，富有.； be accurate in sth 在.精確；acid rain酸雨；be adequate for sth/to do sth 對(duì). 滿意/足以干什么，be anxious about/at/for 對(duì)某事感到擔(dān)憂; approximate to sth 接近于。動(dòng)詞

4、可謂是“三點(diǎn)式”詞匯，即重點(diǎn)詞匯，難點(diǎn)詞匯和考點(diǎn)詞匯。對(duì)于它們我們?cè)僭趺磳W(xué)習(xí)和復(fù)習(xí)也不算過分。因?yàn)檫@些動(dòng)詞大多是多義詞。有些動(dòng)詞的用法還比較特殊，需要我們牢牢記住。它們是accompany, accomplish，accumulate，accuse, acknowledge，acquire, accelerate, adapt, adhere, adopt, advertise，afford, alter, apologize, appoint, appreciate, approve, assemble, attach等。下面分別對(duì)于各個(gè)單詞用法進(jìn)行歸納，希望有助于記憶。Accompany

5、伴隨，陪伴，跟隨；e. g. He was accompanied by his secretary.他由秘書隨行。為.伴奏 The singer was accompanied at the piano by the famous pianist. 該歌唱家由著名的鋼琴家伴奏。Accomplish完成，到達(dá)；實(shí)行e. g. I dont feel our visit really accomplished anything. 我覺得我們的訪問沒有取得任何成效。Accumulate 累積，堆積；e. g. By working hard you may accumulate a fortune

6、. 努力工作你就可以積累一大筆財(cái)富Accuse sb of sth /doing sth 控告某人犯某項(xiàng)罪e. g. He was accused of theft. 他被控告犯有偷竊罪。試比較：charge sb with sth /doing sth 因某事而控告某人；scold sb for sth /doing sth. 因某事而責(zé)罵某人。Acknowledge 承認(rèn)e. g. The athlete refused to acknowledge that he had been defeated.這個(gè)運(yùn)發(fā)動(dòng)拒絕承認(rèn)失敗。致謝e. g. We must not fail to ackn

7、owledge his services to the town.我們必須感謝他對(duì)本市的奉獻(xiàn)。Acquire(由于技術(shù)，能力，努力或者行為)取得，獲得；學(xué)到，e. g. The company has recently acquired new offices in central London. 公司最近在倫敦市中心弄到了新的辦公室 accelerate vt. 加速，加快，e. g. The government has complemented some policies that have accelerated the prosperity of manufacturing indu

8、stry. 政府采取了一些使制造業(yè)繁榮的政策。adapt 使適應(yīng)，使配合，改編，改寫。 e. g. When you go to a new country, you must adapt yourself to new manners and customs. 你到一個(gè)新的國(guó)家時(shí)，必須適應(yīng)新的風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣。 Difficult books are sometimes adapted for uses in schools.尖深的書籍有時(shí)要改編一下，才能在學(xué)校使用。Adhere vi. 正式用語，接to.粘附，附著；e. g. Glue and paste are used to make one

9、 surface adhere to another. 膠水和漿糊是用來粘合兩個(gè)外表的。遵守，堅(jiān)持e. g. They have decided to adhere to the pervious plan. 他們已經(jīng)決定堅(jiān)持原來的計(jì)劃。adopt 收養(yǎng)，e. g. As they had no child，they adopted an orphan. 他們沒有親生兒女，就收養(yǎng)了一個(gè)孤兒。采用；采納 e. g. European dress has been adopted by people in many parts of the world.歐洲服飾為世界許多地方的人們所采用。adve

10、rtise v. 為.做廣告e. g. The company has advertised for an assistant in the local newspaper. 這家公司在本地報(bào)紙上登廣告招聘助手。Afford 通常與can, could, able to 連用，買得起，付得起錢，e. g. Thanks to the success of business, we can afford a holiday .多虧生意興旺，今年我們有錢去度假。通常與can, could, able to e. g.連用e. g. We cant afford to lose such an im

11、portant customer.失去這樣一位顧客，我可擔(dān)當(dāng)不起Alter v. 改變，改動(dòng)，變更，e. g. The village hasnt altered a lot since the last time I was there. 自從上次我來這里以后，這個(gè)村子并沒有多大變化。Appoint 任命，委派e. g. We have decided to appoint a new teacher. 我們已經(jīng)決定任命一位新老師。約定，指定，e. g. She wasnt there at the appointed time. 她沒有在約定時(shí)間那里。Appreciate欣賞，e. g.

12、His abilities were not appreciated in his job. 他的才干在工作中得不到賞識(shí)。明白e. g. 感激, e. g. I really appreciate your help.對(duì)你的幫助，我很感激。 Approve, 與of 連用贊成，支持 e. g. I dont approve of smoking in bed.我不贊成在床上抽煙。批準(zhǔn)，認(rèn)可,e. g. The city council approved the building plans. 市議會(huì)已經(jīng)批準(zhǔn)了項(xiàng)建設(shè)計(jì)劃。Apologize to sb for sth/doing sth, 因某

13、事向某人抱歉。e. g. I apologized to her for stepping her feet. 我因踩了她的腳而抱歉。Assemble , 集合，聚集，e. g. At the beginning of the day, we all assemble in the main hall to be addressed by the head master. 清早我們?cè)诖蠖Y堂集合聽校長(zhǎng)講話。裝配，組合，e. g. The book case is very easy to assemble. 這個(gè)書架很容易裝起來。Attach與to連用, 固定，系，e. g. She attac

14、hed a cheque to the order form.她在訂貨單上附了一張支票。認(rèn)為某事重要e. g. She attaches great importance to regular exercise.她認(rèn)為常規(guī)鍛煉很重要。最后是既可作名詞又可以作動(dòng)詞的詞匯。Abuse v. 辱罵，e. g. She abused him for his carelessness.他因粗心而被她痛罵了一頓。 濫用，妄用。e. g. The official cant abuse their power. 政府官員不能濫用職權(quán)Abuse n. 辱罵， e. g. He greeted me with

15、a stream of abuse. 濫用，妄用 Im afraid the system is open to abuse. 恐怕這個(gè)制度容易使人濫用職權(quán)。Appeal n. 呼吁，懇求；e. g. His appeal for forgiveness went unanswered. 他懇求原諒，但沒有得到答復(fù)。感染力，e. g. Films of this sort have lost their appeals for me.那類影片對(duì)我失去了吸引力。 上訴 e. g. The court rejected his appeal. 法院駁回了他的上訴。Appeal/vi. 呼吁，懇求；

16、e. g. The police are appealing to the public for any information about the murder victim. 警方呼吁公眾提供有關(guān)被害人的情況。喜歡，感興趣，e. g. Does the idea of working abroad appeal to you? 出國(guó)工作的主意對(duì)你有吸引力嗎？ (提出上訴e. g. I intend to appeal against the sentence. 我要對(duì)這個(gè)判決提出上訴。Exercises ：1He speaks English with a strong . A) pron

17、unciation B)utterance C)accent D) dialect 2.Ever since their quarrel，there has been a unpleasant in the office.A) surrounding B) atmosphere C) environment D) circumstance 3.This shirt will have to be ; it is too large. Amodified Bvaried Cshifted Daltered 4. Some freshmen find it id not easy to thems

18、elves to university life. A) adapt B)adjust C) adept D)adopt 5. He was of taking a bribe.A) charged B)scolded C) accused D)complained 6. He managed to knowledge after hard work.A) achieve B) acquire C)win D) earn7 They fail to to our original agreement.A) adapt B)adopt C)adhere D)attach 8. Toms univ

19、ersity education gave him an over boys who had not been to a university.9. He is a person of great to become prime minister.10. The manager had received twenty for the post. 11. Everybody should be in his /her work. 12. An ruler need ask anyone for permission to do anything. 13.We are about her sons

20、 health.14. My mother has a sum of money to what will be needed. 15. The sale manager tried his best to the sales of the product.16. He is not my real father; I am .17. Iraq is in oil. 18.The professors in this university are entitled to freedom.19.He was the only who wore sportswear at the party, which made him very . 20.The professor ha s engaged in studies.21.We cant to be away from work three weeks. 22.He found a job opening in the newspaper Fortune. 23.He gradually an impressive collection of paintings. 24. A committee was to investigate th