英語課程標準英文版

1、NewEnglishCurriculumforChinesePrimarySchoolsandJunior/SeniorMiddleSchoolsExperimentalVersiondraftedbytheEducationMinistryofthePRCNoteonthistranslationThisEnglishversionofChinasnewcurriculumforEnglishisintendedforVSOvolunteerswhowouldliketofeelbetterinformedaboutadocumentthatiscentraltoourwork.Howeve

2、r,itshouldinnowayberegardedasanofficialtranslation.Infact,itisneitherawordforwordtranslationnorasummary.Theappendixtotheoriginal,whichincludeslistsofspecificlanguageitemstobemastered,hasbeenomitted,ashavesomeleveldescriptorsandsamplelearningactivities.Despitetryingtomakeitmorereadable,thisversionref

3、lectstherepetitivenatureoftheoriginal,withthesamekeywordscroppingupoverandoveragain.Volunteersshouldalsorefertothemoreofficial(butstillnotcompletelyofficial!)translationofthenewEnglishcurriculumspecificallyforseniormiddleschoolsavailablefromtheProgrammeOffice.Anyfeedbackonthisversionwouldbewelcome.T

4、imMartinShaanxiInstituteofEducation,October2005Part 1: IntroductionWiththeadventoftheinformationageandtheglobaleconomy,Englishhasbecomeincreasinglyimportant.Englishisthedominantcarrierofinformationandthemostwidelyspokenlanguageintheworld.ManycountrieshavemadeEnglishacornerstoneofqualityeducationwhen

5、developingstrategiesforbasiceducation.SinceChinasreformandopening,thescaleofitsEnglisheducationhascontinuallygrown,attendedbysignificantachievementsinteachingandlearning.However,Englisheducationinitscurrentformisfailingtomeettheneedsofcontemporarysocialandeconomicdevelopment.Thecurrentroundofreforms

6、totheEnglishcurriculumaimtoendthefollowingpractices:Over-emphasizingthetransmissionandexplanationofknowledgeaboutgrammarandvocabularyNeglectingtodevelopstudentsabilitytouselanguageforrealIntheirplace,thereformsaimtoestablishacurriculumthat:DevelopsstudentscomprehensivelanguagecompetenceMotivatesstud

7、ents,isrelevanttotheirlifeexperiencesandcognitivelevelPromotestask-basedteachingmethodsInvolvesstudentsinexperiential,practical,participatoryandcooperativelearningDevelopsstudentspositiveattitudes,thinkingskills,practicalabilities,culturalawarenessandautonomythroughthelanguagelearningprocess1. TheNa

8、tureoftheNewCurriculumThenewEnglishcurriculumstrivestoaccomplishfarmorethanjusthelpstudentslearnEnglish.AtonelevellearningEnglishshouldinvolvehelpingstudentsto:DevelopacertainlevelofcomprehensivelanguagecompetenceandtheabilitytouselanguageforrealcommunicationMastercertainbasiclanguageknowledgeMaster

9、listening,speaking,readingandwritingskillsHowever,atanotherlevelthecurriculumshouldalsoservestudentsall-rounddevelopment,providingthemwithopportunitiesto:StrengthentheirinterestinstudyingEnglishGrowinself-discipline,perseveranceandself-confidenceImprovetheircooperative,investigativeandthinkingabilit

10、iesDeveloptheirmemory,imaginationandcreativityAdoptgoodstudyhabitsandeffectivelearningstrategiesDevelopasautonomousandlifelonglearnersBuildmoralintegrityandahealthyoutlookonlifeEstablishbothnationalspiritandanawarenessofandrespectforculturaldifferencesBroadentheirhorizonsandenrichtheirlifeexperience

11、TakepartinculturallifeDevelopasindividuals2. BasicPrinciplesoftheNewCurriculumThecurriculumpromotesqualityeducation(asopposedtoexam-orientatededucation)andtheall-rounddevelopmentofthestudentsTopromotequalityeducationparticularattentionmustbepaidto:ValuingeachstudentfeelingsStimulatingstudentsinteres

12、tinstudyingEnglishHelpingstudentsgainasenseofachievementandself-confidenceThecurriculummustgobeyonddevelopingstudentscomprehensivelanguagecompetencetoincludeareassuchas:ImprovingstudentsabilitytocontributetoculturalandsociallifeDevelopingstudentspracticalabilitiesFosteringstudentscreativityThecurric

13、ulumobjectivesareholisticandflexible.ThefundamentalaimofthenewEnglishcurriculumistodevelopstudentscomprehensivelanguagecompetence.Thisaimisbrokendownintofivegeneralobjectives.Theseobjectivesarethendividedintonineabilitylevelswithdescriptorsprovidedforeachlevel.Thefivegeneralobjectivesare:1. Language

14、Skills2. LanguageKnowledge3. AttitudestoLearning4. LearningStrategies5. CulturalAwarenessThisdesignallowsstudentstoprogresssystematicallythrougheachlevelwhilstmeetingthefullrangeofthecurriculumsdemands.StudentsareputatthecentreofthecurriculumandindividualdifferencesarerespectedStudentsmustbeatthehea

15、rtofthenewcurriculum.Forexample,theirdevelopmentalneedsmustbethecentralconsiderationwhendeveloping:CurriculumobjectivesTheteachingandlearningprocessTheassessmentprocessTeachingandlearningresourcesWhenimplementingthecurriculumeachstudentmustbeallowedtodevelopindividuallyundertheguidanceoftheteacher:T

16、hecurriculumpromotesactivity-basedmethods,experientialandparticipatorylearningThecurriculumpromotestask-basedlearningwhereby,undertheguidanceoftheteacher,thestudentsgainasenseofachievementbyreachingthegoalsofthetask.Taskcompletionwillinvolvethefollowingtypesoflearning:SensoryExperientialHandson/prac

17、ticalParticipatoryCooperativeInordertoimprovetheirabilitytouselanguageforrealcommunication,studentsshouldalsobeableto:AdjusttheirlearningstrategiesandcontroltheiremotionsFormpositiveattitudestowardslearningThecurriculumrecognizestheimportantroleofformativeassessmentinpromotingstudentdevelopmentTheas

18、sessmentsystemshouldcombineformativewithsummativeassessment.Thepurposesofassessmentshouldbeto:PromotestudentscomprehensivelanguagecompetenceEncourageandmotivatestudentsHelpstudentsbecomemoreautonomouslearnersBenefitstudentshealthypersonaldevelopmentGiveteachersusefulfeedbackfromwhichtodevelopteachin

19、gandlearningInformtheongoingdevelopmentandperfectionoftheEnglishcurriculumFormativeassessmentshouldbeanimportantpartoftheEnglishteachingandlearningprocesswithaparticularemphasison:EncouragingstudentsactiveparticipationinlearningImprovingstudentsself-confidenceSummativeassessmentshouldfocuson:Testing

20、studentsintegratedlanguageskillsTestingstudentsabilitytouselanguageThecurriculumexpandstherangeoflearningresourcesandopportunitiesavailableThecurriculumshouldstrivetouseanddevelopresourceswhosecontentis:RealisticClosetothestudentslivesContemporaryHealthyRichandvariedActiveuseshouldbemadeof:Audiovisu

21、almaterialPrintmediaTheInternetStudentsshouldbeencouragedtotakeresponsibilityforfinding,usinganddevelopinglearningresourcesthemselves.3. TheCurriculumDesignThecurriculumfollowstheinternationalpracticeofdividingthegeneralobjectivesintodifferentabilitylevels.Whendesigningtheseninelevelsconsiderationwa

22、sgiventothefollowing:ThenatureoflanguagedevelopmentThedifferentneedsofdifferentagegroupsTheneedsofdifferentethnicgroupsandareasTheeconomicimbalancesthatexistinChinaTheaimistohavedesignedasystemthatisholisticandflexible.Thecorrespondencebetweenthelevelsystemandthegradesystemisshowninthefollowingdiagr

23、am:PrimarySchoolWorktowards:NotesGrade3Level1StudentsshouldstartstudyingEnglishinGrade3Grade4Level1Grade5Level2Grade6Level2TherequiredstandardfortheendofprimaryschoolJuniorMiddleSchoolWorktowards:NotesGrade7(=Junior1)Level3Grade8(=Junior2)Level4Grade9(=Junior3)Level5Therequiredstandardfortheendofjun

24、iormiddleschoolSeniorMiddleSchoolWorktowards:NotesSenior1Level6Senior2Level7Senior3Level8TherequiredstandardforseniormiddleschoolgraduationLevel9AnextensionlevelforspecialistschoolsandablestudentsDiagram1:TheLevelsandtheGradesPart 2: IntroductiontoTheGeneralObjectivesThefundamentalaimofthenewcurricu

25、lumistodevelopstudentscomprehensivelanguagecompetence.Thiscomprehensivelanguagecompetenceisachievedthroughthefivegeneralobjectivesasshowninthefollowingdiagram:Successfullearningstrategiesimprovetheeffectivenessofstudent:SlearningCulturalawarenessensuresstudentsuselanguageappropriatelyTheoveralldescr

26、iptorsforcomprehensivelanguagecompetence.acombinationofallfivegeneralobjectives)forLevels1to9arepresentedbelow:LeveDescriptorsStudentsarecuriousaboutEnglishandenjoylisteningtopeoplespeakingEnglish.Theycan:Playgames,doactionsandactivities.colouring,joininglines)accordingtosimpleinstructionsfromthetea

27、cherPerformsimpleroleplaysSingsimpleEnglishsongsSaysimplerhymesandchantsUnderstandsimplestoriesbywiththeaidofpicturesCommunicatesimplepersonalinformationExpresssimplefeelingsandattitudesWritelettersandwordsTakeinterestinforeignculturalcustomsmetduringlearningEnglishStudentsshowasustainedinterestinan

28、denjoymentoflearningEnglish.Theycan:UsesimpleEnglishgreetingsandexchangepersonalinformationandinformationaboutfamilyandfriendsPerformdialogues,songs,rhymesandchantsaboutcontenttheyhavestudiedUnderstandandnarratesimplestorieswiththeaidofpicturesWritesimplesentenceswiththeaidofpicturesorpromptsPartici

29、pateandcooperateactivelyandhappilyTaketheinitiativetoaskforhelpEnjoylearningaboutothercountriesculturesandcustomsStudentsshowapositiveattitudeandthebeginningsofself-confidencetowardslearningEnglish.Theycan:UnderstandshortandsimplestoriesaboutfamiliartopicsthattheyhearExchangeinformationaboutfamiliar

30、topics.school,familylife)withtheteacherorclassmatesReadandunderstandshortstoriesandothersimplewrittenmaterialWritesimplesentenceswiththeaidofexamplesorpicturesTakepartinsimpleroleplaysandactivitiesAttempttousesuitablelearningstrategiestoovercomedifficultiesencounteredduringstudyIdentifyculturaldiffe

31、rencesthatarepresentwhencommunicatinginaforeignlanguageStudentscanidentifytheirownlearningneedsandtargetsandarefairlyself-confidentaboutlearningEnglish.Theycan:ListentoandunderstanddialoguesandshortstoriesineverydaycommunicationCommunicateinformationandsimpleopinionsaboutfamiliareverydaytopicsWriteb

32、riefandsimplelettersAttempttousedifferenteducationalresourcesGaininformationfromoralandwrittenmaterialstoextendtheirknowledge,solvesimpleproblemsanddescriberesultsHelpeachothertoovercomedifficultiesencounteredduringlearningPlanandarrangesensiblelearningactivitiesActivelyexplorelearningstrategiessuit

33、ableforthemselvesTakenoteofculturaldifferencesbetweenChinaandothercountriesduringstudyandcommunicationStudentsshowclearmotivationandapositive,activeattitudetowardslearningEnglish.Theycan:ListentoandunderstandtheteachersstatementsaboutfamiliartopicsandtakepartindiscussionsExchangeinformationwithother

34、sandexpressopinionsaboutvarioustopicsindailylifeReadandunderstandtexts,newspapersandmagazinessuitableforGrades-9,overcomingthebarrierofunknownwordstounderstandthemainideasUseappropriatereadingstrategiesaccordingtothepurposeofreadingDraftandeditshortcompositionsaccordingwiththeaidofpromptsCooperatewi

35、thotherstocompletetasks,solveproblemsandreportresultsAssesstheirownlearningandsummarizetheirownlearningstyleMakeuseofawidevarietyofresourcesFurtherincreasetheirunderstandingandawarenessofculturaldifferencesStudentsshowfurthermotivationtostudyEnglishandagrowingawarenessofautonomouslearning.Theycan:Un

36、derstandtheviewpointsexpressedinoralorwrittenmaterialsandstatetheirownviewEffectivelyuseoralorwrittenlanguagetodescribepersonalexperiencePlan,organizeandcarryoutavarietyofEnglishlearningactivitieswiththeteachersassistanceTaketheinitiativetoexploitarangeoflearningresourcesandgaininformationthroughmul

37、tiplechannelsAdjusttheirownlearningobjectivesandstrategiesaccordingtotheresultsofself-assessmeUnderstandtheculturalbackgroundtoandconnotationsoflanguageduringcommunicationStudentsshowclearandsustainedmotivationtostudyEnglishandaclearawarenessofautonomouslearning.Theycan:leExchangeinformation,askques

38、tions,giveopinionsandadviceaboutafairlywiderangeoftopicsReadandunderstandoriginaltextsandnewspapersthathavebeenadaptedforseniormidcschoolstudentsShownascentskillinwritingcompositionssuchasnoticesandlettersofinformationTaketheinitiativetoplan,organizeandcarryoutarangeoflanguagepracticeactivitiesTaker

39、esponsibilityforusingawidevarietyoflearningresourcestopromotestudyMonitortheirownlearningtocontinuetoformlearningstrategiessuitableforthemselvesUnderstandculturaldifferencesincommunicationandfurtherformwideculturalawareness8Studentsshowstrongself-confidenceandabilitytolearnautonomously.Theycan:Commu

40、nicatefairlynaturallywithotherEnglishspeakersaboutfamiliartopicsExpressevaluativecommentsaboutthecontentoforalorwrittenmaterialsWritecoherentandfullystructuredshortcompositionsTakeresponsibilityforplanning,organizingandcarryingoutarangeoflanguagepracticeactivitiessuchasdiscussion,decisionmaking,andr

41、eportingexperimentandsurveyresultsUsetheinternetandvariousotherresourcestogatherandprocessinformationeffectivelyConsciouslyevaluatelearningoutcomesandformeffectiveEnglishlearningstrategiesUnderstandtheculturalconnotationsandbackgroundduringcommunicationandadoptarespectfulandtolerantattitudetowardscu

42、lturesofdifferentcountries9Studentsareautonomouslearners.Theycan:Listentoandunderstandthemaincontentofspeeches,discussions,debatesandreportsofamiliartopicsDiscussandexpresstheirattitudesandopinionsabouttopicsofuniversalimportanceinsideandoutsideChina,suchastheenvironment,population,peace,development

43、,etcActasaninterpreterineverydaylifeMakethemostofavarietyofopportunitiestouseEnglishforrealcommunicationReadpopularscienceandliteraturearticleswithfairlywiderangingsubjectswiththeaidofadictionaryUsecommongenres/texttypestocompleteordinarywritingtasksandhavenascentabilitytowriteinaliterarywayExpandan

44、denrichlearningresourcesautonomouslyDisplaystrongglobalawarenessTable1:TheOverallDescriptorsforComprehensiveLanguageCompetencePart 3: TheGeneralObjectivesinDetailDetaileddescriptorsforLevels2and5ofeachofthefivegeneralobjectivesarepresentedinthefollowingtables.PleaserefertothetranslationoftheseniorEn

45、glishcurriculum(availablefromtheVSOProgrammeOffice)forLevel69descriptors.LeveSkillDescriptorsforLanguageSkills2ListeStudentscan:1. Understandsimpleliveorrecordedspeechwiththeaidofpicturesandimages2. Understandsimplestorieswiththeaidofpicturesir3ngUnderstandsimplequestionsduringclassroomactivities4.U

46、nderstandcommoninstructionsandrespondappropriatelySpeStudentscan:1. Speakwithclearpronunciationandcanconveyintonation2. Takepartinsimpledialoguesaboutfamiliarpersonalandfamilyinformationa3ngUsesomecommondailyexpressions.greetings,farewells,thanks,apologies,etc.)4.Tellsimplestorieswiththeteachershelp

47、)fndReaStudentscan:1.Readandrecognizeallwordsstudiedd21gReadaloudsimplewordsaccordingtospellingrules3. Understandshortandsimpleinstructionsintextbooks4. Understandinformationexpressedinsimpletextslikegreetingscards5. Understandsimplestoriesorshortpassageswiththeaidofpicturesandformthehabit(readingfo

48、roverallcomprehension6. ReadaloudaccuratelyallthestoriesandpassagesstudiedWritStudentscan:1.CopyexamplesentencesnWritesimplegreetings3. Writeshortandsimpleheadingsanddescriptionstofitpicturesorobjects4. UsecapitalizationandpunctuationwithbasicaccuracyOtheStudentscan:1. UsesimpleEnglishtoplaygames丘,.

49、2. Performshortstoriesorfairytaleswiththeteachershelp3. Say30-40simplenurseryrhymesorchants4. Perform30-40Englishsongs5. UnderstandEnglishcartoonsandprogrammesofasuitablelevel(onaverage20-25minutesperweek)5ListeStudentscan:1. Understandspeakersintentionsaccordingtotheirstressandintonation2. Understa

50、ndandextractinformationandviewpointsfromtalkaboutfamiliartopicsJ,3ngUnderstandthemainideas,usingcontextualcluestodealwithunfamiliarwords4. Understandstoriesandnarrativesspokenatnearnaturalspeed,includingtheircauseaeffectstructures5. Reactinasuitablewaytowhatisheard6. TakesimplenotesaboutwhatisheardS

51、peStudentscan:1.Provideinformation,expresssimpleviewsandopinionsandtakepartindiscussionsaboutsimpletopicsa21ngExchangeinformationandcooperatewithotherstocompletetasks3. Correctoneselfappropriatelyduringspeech4. Inquireforinformationandaskforhelpeffectively5. Carryoutsituationaldialoguesaccordingtodi

52、fferenttopics6. PerformshortplaysinEnglish7. UusenaturalpronunciationandintonationandanappropriatetoneduringtheaboveactivitiesReaStudentscan:1.Inferthemeaningofnewwordsfromthecontextandwordformationrulesd21gUunderstandthelogicalrelationshipsbetweeneachsentenceinaparagraph3. Pickoutthemainideasintext

53、sandunderstandtheplotinstories,predictingitsdevelopmentandpossibleendings4. Understandreadingmaterialofdifferentcommongenres/texttypes5. Useappropriatereadingstrategiestofindinformationaccordingtodifferentreadingpurposes6. Usedictionariesandotherreferencematerialtocarryoutlearning7. Hhavereadmateria

54、lotherthanthatincludedinthetextbook,totalingover150000wordWritStudentscan:1.GatherandorganizematerialaccordingtothepurposeofthewritingnDdraftshortlettersandpassagesindependently,editingthemwiththeteachguidance3. Usecommonlinkingdevicestoexpressoneselffluentlyandlogicallyinwriting4. Writesimpledescri

55、ptionsofpeopleorthings5. Wwritesimpleparagraphs,instructionsandexplanationsaccordingtopromptsgiveninpicturesortablesTable2:LevelDescriptorsforLanguageSkillsObjective.TheoriginalincludesLanguageSkillsdescriptorsforLevels1,3,4,6,7,8and9Leve1KnoDescriptorsforLanguageKnowledgewledgery2ProrStudentscan1.

56、Knowincorrectpronunciationcanaffectcommunication2. Knowhowtosaythealphabet3. UnderstandsimplespellingrulesluTciaUi10dlerstandwordshavestresspatterns5.PronounceclearlywithnaturalintonationVocStudentscan:1. Learnthe600-700wordsand50orsocommonexpressionsassociatedwiththetopics,forthisunitabula2. Uunder

57、standwordsareformedfromlettersGraiStudentscan:1. Knownounshavesingularandpluralforms2. KnowthedifferencebetweenthemainpronounsmmarKnowverbscanchangeformsindifferentsituations4. Understandprepositionstoexpresstime,placeandposition5. UnderstandthebasicformsandfunctionsofsimpleEnglishsentencesFuncStudentscanunderstandthebasicformsforexpressingsimplecommunicativefunctionssuasgreetings,farewells,thanks,acceptingapologies,introductions,requests,etc.tionsTopStudentscanunderstandandexpresssimpleinformationabou