成人英語(yǔ)三級(jí)閱讀理解訓(xùn)練1含詳解

1、Hillary Rodham Clinton released the first television spot of her Senate campaign this morning, a 30-second commercial that will begin airing statewide on Thursday. The spot, titled “First,” uses numerous still photos to highlight landmarks in Mrs. Clintons career, while the voiceover says she is “mo

2、re than a first lady.”There is no mention of Mrs. Clintons rival for New Yorks Senate seat, New York Mayor Rudolph Giuliani.Clinton campaign spokesman Howard Wolfson said the ad was “positive” and “biographical,” instead of focusing on the first ladys opponent.Mrs. Clinton has previously aired radio

3、 ads, but has generally stayed with a strategy of making extensive campaign appearances instead of using television spots, while Giuliani has already run statewide TV ads.Text of Hillary Commercial:First she became a lawyer, named one of the top hundred in America.Her first cause was children, fight

4、ing abuse and chairing the board of the Childrens Defense Fund.Her first priority was public schools, helping to establish teacher testing.More than a first lady. For 30 years, shes fought for children and families.As New Yorks senator, shell fight for better schools and heath care for children.Hill

5、ary, Put her to work for all of us.1. What does the word “air” in the first sentence mean?A. dry B. express C. breathe D. broadcast2. What does “more than first lady” in the first paragraph suggest?A. Hillary is not a first lady.B. Hillary does much more than what a first lady is expected to do.C. T

6、here are more women in America who does better than Hillary does.D. Hillary is doing better than her husband.3.Which of the following statement is true regarding the Senator campaign according the passage?A. Hillary has appeared on TV shot for numerous times.B. Hillary rarely makes her public appear

7、ance.C. Giuliani has made TV advertisement for himself.D. Hillary has a bigger chance to win the campaign.4. Hillarys campaign focuses on all the flowing except_.A. childrens health careB. school education for childrenC. combating child abuseD. family planning policy5.Which of the following can best

8、 serve as the title of this passage?A. First Ladys Senator CampaignB. Hillarys TV AdvertisementC. A Rivalry for New Yorks Senate SeatD. The Focuses of Hillary Campaign難點(diǎn)1 今早，希拉里競(jìng)選紐約州議員的電視演說拉開了序幕；Hillary Rodham Clinton：希拉里；美國(guó)現(xiàn)任總統(tǒng)克林頓夫人。Spot:（在無(wú)線電廣播、電視中播出的）短小節(jié)目；commercial:宣傳2這句話的意思是該電視節(jié)目特別播出了希拉里政績(jī)上的一些重

9、要照片。Highlight:突出；landmark：（具有轉(zhuǎn)折意義的）重大事件3 Voiceover：旁白；話外音4 Biographical:關(guān)于一個(gè)人的材料的；美國(guó)，一般的競(jìng)選廣告都包括競(jìng)選雙方的資料，但是在該電視廣告里，只播放了希拉里的資料，所以克氏競(jìng)選團(tuán)的發(fā)言人說，這次廣告具有肯定意義。5 Strategy:策略6 Abuse：虐待答案1.D考點(diǎn)：該題是一個(gè)詞匯題解析：本題提問的是第一段中的“air”是什么意思。由這句話我們可以得知，希拉里今天早晨發(fā)表了她競(jìng)選紐約州議員的電視宣傳；為時(shí)30分鐘的電視宣傳將于星期二開始進(jìn)行全國(guó)播放。由該句的意思我們可以猜出“air”的意思為“播放”。所以

10、，答案為D。而其他三個(gè)詞A（曬干），B（表達(dá)）和C（呼吸）均與原義不符，故不能入選。2B考點(diǎn)：這是一個(gè)理解判斷題。解析：本題提問的是第一段里“more than first lady”是什么意思。在世界各地，第一夫人作為國(guó)家元首的妻子，是一國(guó)之母，她的形象一般是一個(gè)幫助總統(tǒng)處理好家務(wù)，并且進(jìn)行一些婦女活動(dòng)和慈善事業(yè)，借此來(lái)提高元首的形象。但是，希拉里作為第一夫人，她所做的超出了第一夫人的職責(zé)。她不但在社會(huì)活動(dòng)中經(jīng)常露臉，而且直接參與政事，開始競(jìng)選起議員來(lái)了。所以，選項(xiàng)B應(yīng)該是該題的答案。3C考點(diǎn)：這是一個(gè)對(duì)原文事實(shí)的理解題。解析：本題提問的是對(duì)此次參議院競(jìng)選，以下哪一個(gè)說法是正確的。文章的第四

11、段告訴我們，希拉里以前曾經(jīng)在廣播上作過宣傳，但是她一直采取的戰(zhàn)略是頻頻在公眾場(chǎng)合出現(xiàn)，而不是使用電視宣傳；與她不同的是，Giuliani已作過全國(guó)電視宣傳。由該段可知，選項(xiàng)C為正確答案。從文章的第一句話我們可以得知，這是希拉里第一次在電視上為自己作宣傳，所以，選項(xiàng)A和B不符合原文；此次議員競(jìng)選，花落誰(shuí)手尚未分曉，所以，選項(xiàng)D也不能入選。4D考點(diǎn)：這是一個(gè)對(duì)原文細(xì)節(jié)的分析判斷題。解析：本題提問的是以下哪一下不是希拉里的競(jìng)選重點(diǎn)。希拉里的競(jìng)選廣告在文章的最后幾段里；它的重點(diǎn)是學(xué)校教育；作者評(píng)論道，在過去的30年里，希拉里一直都在為兒童和家庭的幸福斗爭(zhēng)。將來(lái)當(dāng)了紐約的參議員，她會(huì)為孩子們的良好教育和

12、健康保險(xiǎn)而努力；由此我們得知，選項(xiàng)A（兒童健康保險(xiǎn)）B（兒童的學(xué)校教育）和C（打擊虐待兒童現(xiàn)象）都是她的競(jìng)選重點(diǎn)，只有選項(xiàng)D（計(jì)劃生育政策）與原文不合，所以，D為本題答案。5A考點(diǎn)：該題是一個(gè)主旨題，考的是文章的題目應(yīng)該是哪一個(gè)。解析：本文從第一夫人希拉里-克林頓為其入選紐約參議員拉開序幕講起，對(duì)目前的競(jìng)選狀況作了一個(gè)大概介紹，并且對(duì)希拉里的競(jìng)選內(nèi)容作了一個(gè)介紹，同時(shí)，作者表達(dá)了他自己的觀點(diǎn)；整篇文章以介紹她的競(jìng)選情況為主，所以，選項(xiàng)A（第一夫人競(jìng)選參議員）用以概括全文最為全面，因此，A為正確答案。Every human being, no matter what he is doing, g

13、ives off body heat. The usual problem is how to dispose of it. But the designers of the Johnstown campus of the University of Pittsburgh set themselves the opposite problemhow to collect body heat. They have designed a collection system which utilizes not only body heat, but the heat given off by su

14、ch objects as light bubs and refrigerators as well. The system works so well that no conventional fuel is needed to make the campuss six buildings comfortable.Some parts of most modern buildingstheaters and offices as well as classrooms are more than amply heated by people and lights and sometimes m

15、ust be air-conditioned even in winter. The technique of saving heat and redistributing it is called “heat recovery.” A few modern buildings recover heat, but the Universitys system is the first to recover heat from some buildings and re-use it in others.Along the way, pit has learned a great deal ab

16、out some of its heat producers. The harder a student studies, the more heat his body gives off. (76) Male students emit more heat than female students, and the larger a student, the more heat he produces. It is tempting to conclude that the hottest prospect for the Johnstown campus would be a hardwo

17、rking, overweight male genius.1. Until recently, body heat has caused problems because it _.A. was difficult to collectB. came in a variety of formsC. was difficult to get rid ofD. tended to be absorbed by physical objects2. Which of the following is true of the heating system of the Johnstown campu

18、s?A. The heat is supplied by human bodies only.B. The heat is supplied by both human bodies and other heat-emitting objects.C. The heat is supplied by both human bodies and conventional fuel.D. The heat is supplied by human bodies, other heat-emitting objects, and conventional fuel.3.The phrase “eve

19、n in winter” (in line 8) most nearly means _.A. if the winter is especially warmB. during all of the year except the winterC. in the winter as well as in other seasonsD. during the evenings in the winter4. The phrase “heat recovery” refers to a _.A. method of concealing the source of heatB. special

20、form of air conditioningC. supplementary hot water systemD. way of reclaiming and re-using heat5. According to the passage which of the following would produce the LEAST amount of heat?A. A fat female who studies hard.B. A thin female who does not study.C. A fat male who does not study.D. A thin mal

21、e who studies hard.一、文章大意和總體結(jié)構(gòu)分析這篇文章，向我們介紹了一種全新的能量利用方式，收集人體熱能用于供熱。在大力提倡環(huán)保的當(dāng)今社會(huì)，這種能源的回收再利用意義重大，這篇文章開闊了學(xué)生的視野。文章的開頭作者便提出身體熱能這個(gè)人人皆知的概念，雖然我們知道身體會(huì)排除熱量，但是卻從未想過去利用這些熱量。第二句作者便將讀者帶入一個(gè)全新的視角，即如何在生活中利用這些熱量。匹茲堡大學(xué)的例子很好地證明了人體熱量的利用價(jià)值。接下來(lái)，作者比較詳細(xì)地介紹了這種利用人體熱量的系統(tǒng)，即熱量回收再利用，并指出已經(jīng)有一些大樓正在利用這種自然、環(huán)保的資源。最后一段，作者向我們介紹了一項(xiàng)有趣的研究成果，

22、即身體強(qiáng)壯、學(xué)習(xí)刻苦的男性會(huì)排放出更多的熱量。二、試題詳解1.C 答案是開頭的第二句：The usual problem is how to dispose of it。Dispose of “處理解決”。2.B 答案在第一段的第三句中。他們?cè)O(shè)計(jì)了一種收集系統(tǒng)，它不但利用身體的熱，還收集由燈泡、冰箱等散發(fā)出來(lái)的熱。有了這兩種熱能，作者指出在校園中已無(wú)需任何conventional fuel3.C 第二段中說：大多數(shù)現(xiàn)代化的大樓有些部分戲院、辦公室以及教室是用人體和燈光的熱來(lái)供熱的，有時(shí)候甚至在冬天的空調(diào)也是由它們來(lái)供熱。Even意為“甚至”。4.D 回收再利用熱能。此題考察學(xué)生對(duì)全文的總結(jié)能力

23、，以及reclaim和re-use的詞義。5.B 最后一段倒數(shù)第二句說：男學(xué)生發(fā)出的熱量比女生發(fā)出的熱量多，學(xué)生體重越重產(chǎn)生的熱量越多。學(xué)習(xí)刻苦的比學(xué)習(xí)不刻苦的產(chǎn)生的熱量多。所以最瘦的女生產(chǎn)生的熱量最少。三、文章長(zhǎng)難句分析Male students emit more heat than female students, and the larger a student, the more heat he produces. 男學(xué)生散發(fā)的熱量多于女學(xué)生，并且身體體積越大，產(chǎn)生的熱量就越多。Emit排放、散發(fā)。The more, the more,為固定句式，意為“越，越”。四、核心詞匯no m

24、atter無(wú)論;gives off散發(fā);conventional fuel常規(guī)燃料;heat recovery熱能回收;a greatdeal 大量;the more, the more 越，越America is in no immediate danger of “running out of water”. People in the West have been aware that water is a precious commodity and must be conserved. In the damp East, an excess of water led to compl

25、acency until two factors created concern over our water supply. First, the periods of drought from the 1961 to 1966 in the Northeast affected crop production and used up the surface and ground water supplies. Second, attention was called to rapid increases in the rates of pollution of these waters r

26、esulting from increased urban and industrial growth. As a result, there is an increasing awareness of the need for conserving the quantity and quality of our nations water supplies.Water is a renewable resource, but it is not exhaustible. When used for municipal, industrial, or agricultural purposes

27、, it is not destroyed, but generally finds its way back into our water supply. This used water now carries some waste materials. These dirty waters are often dumped into large bodies of water or are disposed of on land. In the latter instance, evaporation concentrates some of the wastes on the soil

28、surface. On the other hand, water moving through the soil will eventually carry some of the wastes down into the ground water supplies, Eventually, all water evaporates and later returns to the earth as rain or snow in a relatively purer state.Through this never-ending cycle, there is just as much w

29、ater in this country now as there ever was. The amount, however, does not increase. Our rapid population growth and our agricultural and industrial expansion have caused our water needs to soar. By withdrawing water from streams too quickly, we have in some instances upset the balance of natures bui

30、lt-in renewal processes for conserving water. As a result, some of our streams and lakes have become “wet deserts.” There is still plenty of water in them, but its water is so polluted that it supports almost no life at all.1.The passage is mainly about_.A. water resources of the United StatesB. the

31、 renewal processes of water in matureC. the importance of water conservationD.water pollution in America2. The word “drought” in the sentence “First, the periods of drought-ground water supplies.” Most probably means_.A. catastrophe of too much rainB. danger of running out of waterC. calamity dry we

32、atherD. damage caused by typhoon3. Water is relatively purer in_.A. fast moving streams and riversB. underground water suppliesC. mountainous areasD. rain and snow4. When the author says that lakes have become “wet deserts”,._A. he is being angryB. he is being optimisticC. he is being sadD. he is be

33、ing humorous5. It is implied in the passage that_A. water can be polluted by desertsB. there are many water conservation programs in AmericaC. water keeps evaporating from the earths surfaceD. water is not polluted by waster materials難點(diǎn)1.run out of用完，耗盡modity商品，貨物placency自滿，滿足4.drought長(zhǎng)期干旱，旱災(zāi)5.resul

34、t from是-的結(jié)果，由于-而發(fā)生6.inexhaustible用不完的，無(wú)窮盡的7.municipal市政的，市辦的8.dispose of處理，丟掉，清除9.evaporation蒸發(fā)10.withdraw提取，取回11.deposit放下，放置答案1.C考點(diǎn)：這是一道典型的文章主旨題。解析：文章第一段的最后一句話是文章的中心思想，指出人們?cè)絹?lái)越意識(shí)到保護(hù)水的量和質(zhì)的必要性。第二、三段主要討論節(jié)約用水和水污染 的危害。第二段指出，水雖然百一種可再生的資源，但并不是用之不竭;第三段說，人口的急劇增加，工農(nóng)業(yè)的快速發(fā)展使得用水需求高漲并造成嚴(yán)重的水污染。綜上所述，我們可以看出，文章主要討論保

35、護(hù)水資源的重要性。選項(xiàng)A、B、D都是以偏概全。2.C考點(diǎn)：這是一道理解題。解析：題目要求猜測(cè)“drought”一詞的含義，我們可以通過這個(gè)詞的上下文來(lái)理解它的意思。文章第一段第四句說，1961至1966年?yáng)|北部地區(qū)的drought影響了農(nóng)作物的生產(chǎn)，使地表水和地下水供應(yīng)枯竭。據(jù)此我們可以推斷出這個(gè)詞的含義是旱災(zāi)。3.D考點(diǎn)：這是一道細(xì)節(jié)題。解析：答案在文章第二段的最一句：“Eventually, all water evaporates and later returns to the earth as rain or snow in a relatively purer state.”(最終

36、所有的水蒸發(fā)，然后以更加純凈的形式降雨或降雪回到地球。)4.D考點(diǎn)：此題考察學(xué)生對(duì)作者態(tài)度的理解。解析：文章第三段最后一句很好地解釋了“wet desert”的含義，即：一些河流、湖泊中有大量的水，但污染非常嚴(yán)重，幾乎所有的生物都不能使用。根據(jù)這個(gè)解釋，我們可以理解作者說這番話的心情，作者面對(duì)這樣一種情況只能感到悲哀，而不是憤怒，因?yàn)閼嵟瓱o(wú)濟(jì)于事，更不是感到樂觀或幽默。5.C考點(diǎn)：此題考察學(xué)生的判斷能力。解析：根據(jù)文章第二段的最后一句：“Eventually, all water evaporates and later returns to the earth as rain or snow

37、 in a relatively purer state.”，我們可以推斷出水不停地從地球表面蒸發(fā)掉，然后在高空中變成水的固態(tài)形式。選項(xiàng)A和D與文章內(nèi)容不符。選項(xiàng)B在文章中沒有提及。In what now seems like the prehistoric times of computer history, the early postwar era, there was a quite widespread concern that computers would take over the world from man one day. Already today, less than

38、 forty years later, as computers are relieving us of more and more of the routine tasks in business and in our personal lives, we are faced with a less dramatic but also less foreseen problem. People tend to be over-trusting of computers and are reluctant to challenge their authority. Indeed, they b

39、ehave as if they were hardly aware that wrong buttons may be pushed, or that a computer may simply malfunction.Obviously, there would be no point in investing in a computer if you had to check all its answers, but people should also rely on their own internal computers and check the machine when the

40、y have the feeling that something has gone awry. Questioning and routine double checks must continue to be as much a part of good business as they were in pre-computer days. Maybe each computer should come with the following warning: for all the help this computer may provide, it should not be seen

41、as a substitute for fundamental thinking and reasoning skills.1.What is the main purpose of this passage?A. To look back to the early days of computers.B. To explain what technical problems may occur with computers.C. To discourage unnecessary investment in computers.D. To warn against a mentally la

42、zy attitude towards computers.2.According to the passage, initial concerns about computers were that they might_A. lead us into the post-war eraB. be quite widespreadC. take controlD. take over routine tasks3.The passage recommends those dealing with computers to_A. be reasonably skeptical abort themB. check all their answersC. substitute them for basic thinkingD. use them for business purposes only4.An “internal computer” is_A. a computer uses exclusively by one company for its