高教版公共英語3級精講班講義

1、精選優(yōu)質文檔-傾情為你奉上公共英語3級精講班第10講講義DialogueDialogue 1：Jack is a local reporter and he is interviewing students on campus about their hobbies. Sandy is one of the students being interviewed.1.       Sandy is one of the students being interviewedthe students being interviewed 正在

2、被面試的學生being interviewed 現(xiàn)在分詞短語作后置定語2.       I am conducting interviews on the subject of hobbies of students.我正在給學生進行以學生的愛好為主題的采訪。on the subject of 以-為主題3.       I dont go frequently because they are a bit beyond my budget.我不是經(jīng)常去，因為它們有點超出我的

3、預算。beyond ones budget 超出某人的預算4.       I am really into nature and I love being around trees and water and mountain as much as possible.我喜歡大自然，我喜歡盡可能的接近樹、水和大山。love being around sthlove doing sth + be around sth5.       I have even got a coup

4、le of rare stamps.我甚至有幾張稀有的郵票。6.       Thank you for your time.謝謝你的時間。thank sb for sth 由于某事而感謝某人Dialogue 2:Dave and Nancy are drinking at a bar. They are talking about TV programs they enjoy.Background knowledge:1. Quiz show 智力競賽節(jié)目2. Happy dictionary 快樂辭典（一種智力競賽節(jié)目）3. Gr

5、owing Pains 成長的煩惱 （電視劇名）4. Situation comedies 情景喜劇Language points:1, The remarkable Chicago Bull presented a striking contrast to its opponent, and the crowd just went wild.非凡的芝加哥公牛和對手形成鮮明的對比，觀眾都已經(jīng)瘋狂了。contrast to - 明顯的差異，對照The work you did today is quite a contrast to what you did last week.2. Let m

6、e check the paper. Where is the TV guide?讓我看看報紙。電視報在哪了？3. My sister grew up watching that show.我的妹妹是看著那電視節(jié)目長大的。4. I cannot live without it.沒有它我沒法生活。Dialogue 3.Li Ming and Fred Lee met again in the dining hall. They are talking about their university lives.1.       Long

7、time no see! How is everything?很久沒見了！一切怎么樣?。?.       Finally I can take a moment to breathe.最終我有一點休息的時間。3.       If you are interested, I can book a court for this Tuesday.如果你感興趣，我這個星期二就訂場地。4.       Sometimes w

8、hen I am in the mood, I play the violin for friends.有時當我有心情的時候，我就給朋友拉小提琴。be in the mood 有心情Shes in a good mood today.Hes always in a bad mood.Dialogues 4:Mary and Peter take the same course and they meet each other for the first time in class. They are talking about books they love.1. The textbook i

9、s also interested with lots of vivid illustrations.教科書有很多形象的插圖也很有趣。with - 帶有-2. I am fascinated by books which are about feeling and emotions or are closely related to our everyday life.我對和感情情緒相關的書或者和日常生活相關的書非常著迷.be fascinated by 對-著迷The children were fascinated by the toys in the shop windows.3. Th

10、ey are brief sketches of human merriment and sorrows.他們是人類快樂和痛苦的梗概。4. Nice talking to you!跟你談話很高興（用于結束談話時）跟你談話很高興（用于開始談話時） PassagePassage:Background knowledge:1.       Jane Austen： One of the most famous English writers in England.2.     &#

11、160; Pride and Prejudice 傲慢與偏見3.       Emma艾瑪4.       Persuasion勸導5.       Sense and Sensibility理智與情感Language points:1.       When the screens its adaptation of Jane Austens novel

12、Pride and Prejudice, it was watched by a record 18 million British viewers.當屏幕上放映簡·奧斯汀的小說傲慢與偏見改編的電影時，18,000,000英國觀眾在觀看。screen 放映The film has been screed in the cinema and on TV.2.       There are Jane Austen fans in all corners of the globe, and even special Jane A

13、usten discussion groups on the Internet.世界各地都有簡·奧斯汀迷，甚至在互聯(lián)網(wǎng)上還有關于她的特殊討論。3.       When she died a spinster in 1817, only four of her six novels had been published, all anonymously, and she earned a grand of 48.65 pounds from her books.她1817年去世的時候，她還未婚，她的六本小說出版了四部，并且全

14、部是匿名出版的。她為此從書上得到了48.65磅。4.       They were not well off, and lived in a village.他們并不富裕，住在小鄉(xiāng)村里。be well off 情況良好，富裕Her family is not well off.You dont need to find another job. Youre well off where you are.5.       By the time when she was 12

15、, Jane was writing stories about heroines imprisoned in haunted castles, being rescued by glamorous heroes.當她十二歲的時候，她正在寫一些女主角被關在鬧鬼的監(jiān)獄里，被富有魅力的男主角搭救的故事。being rescued 現(xiàn)在分詞一般式的被動，表伴隨。6.       Bur he had nothing to recommend but his size.但是除了他比較肥胖以外。他沒有什么可以推薦的。7.  

16、     Here she was much happier, despite being the poor relation, dependent on charity.雖然她比較貧窮，依靠別人的接濟度日，在那兒她還是比較快樂的。Use of English2. viewers觀看者, watchmen, on-lookers旁觀者4. instantly很快地，立刻地, timely及時地, occasionally偶爾地, regularly規(guī)則地9. specialties專業(yè)，特長, elements成分, features特色12. vari

17、ety變化，多樣, transition轉變，變化15. conduct指揮，指導, interact相互作用，相互影響 動詞的時態(tài)動詞的時態(tài)1 一般現(xiàn)在時的用法1) 經(jīng)常性或習慣性的動作，常與表示頻腮度的時間狀語連用。 時間狀語： every, sometimes,at, on Sunday I leave home for school at 7 every morning.2) 客觀真理，客觀存在，科學事實。 The earth moves around the sun. Shanghai lies in the east of China.3) 表示格言或警句中。 Pride

18、 goes before a fall.驕者必敗。 注意：此用法如果出現(xiàn)在賓語從句中，即使主句是過去時，從句謂語也要用一般現(xiàn)在時。例：Columbus proved that the earth is round.4) 現(xiàn)在時刻的狀態(tài)、能力、性格、個性。 I don't want so much. Ann Wang writes good English but does not speak well.比較：Now I put the sugar in the cup.I am doing my homework now.第一句用一般現(xiàn)在時，用于操作演示或指導說明的示范性動作，表示言行

19、的瞬間動作。再如：Now watch me, I switch on the current and stand back. 第二句中的now是進行時的標志，表示正在進行的動作的客觀狀況，所以后句用一般現(xiàn)在時。2 一般過去時的用法1）在確定的過去時間里所發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。 時間狀語有：yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982等。 Where did you go just now?2）表示在過去一段時間內，經(jīng)常性或習慣性的動作。 When I was a child, I often played football

20、 in the street. Whenever the Browns went during their visit, they were given a warm welcome.3）句型： It is time for sb. to do sth "到時間了" "該了" It is time sb. did sth. "時間已遲了" "早該了"It is time for you to go to bed. 你該睡覺了。 It is time you went to bed.你早該睡覺了。 would (ha

21、d) rather sb. did sth.表示'寧愿某人做某事' I'd rather you came tomorrow.4) wish, wonder, think, hope 等用過去時，作試探性的詢問、請求、建議等。I thought you might have some. 我以為你想要一些。比較：一般過去時表示的動作或狀態(tài)都已成為過去，現(xiàn)已不復存在。Christine was an invalid all her life. (含義：她已不在人間。)Christine has been an invalid all her life. (含義：她現(xiàn)在還活著

22、)Mrs. Darby lived in Kentucky for seven years. (含義：達比太太已不再住在肯塔基州。)Mrs. Darby has lived in Kentucky for seven years.( 含義：現(xiàn)在還住在肯塔基州，有可能指剛離去)注意： 用過去時表示現(xiàn)在，表示委婉語氣。1）動詞want, hope, wonder, think, intend 等。Did you want anything else?I wondered if you could help me.2）情態(tài)動詞 could, would.Could you lend me your

23、bike?3 used to / be used toused to + do："過去常常"表示過去習慣性的動作或狀態(tài)，但如今已不存在。Mother used not to be so forgetful. Scarf used to take a walk. (過去常常散步)be used to + doing： 對已感到習慣，或"習慣于"，to是介詞，后需加名詞或動名詞。He is used to a vegetarian diet. Scarf is used to taking a walk.(現(xiàn)在習慣于散步)典型例題- Your phone n

24、umber again? I _ quite catch it.- It's . A. didn'tB. couldn'tC. don'tD. can't答案A. 本句雖沒有明確的時間狀語，但從語意上看 出，在聽的時候沒有聽懂這個動作發(fā)生在過去，因此應用過去時。4 一般將來時1)shall用于第一人稱，常被will 所代替。will 在陳述句中用于各人稱，在爭求意見時常用于第二人稱。Which paragraph shall I read first.Will you be at home at seven this evening?2)be going

25、 to +不定式，表示將來。 a. 主語的意圖，即將做某事。What are you going to do tomorrow? b. 計劃，安排要發(fā)生的事。 The play is going to be produced next month。 c. 有跡象要發(fā)生的事 Look at the dark clouds, there is going to be a storm.3) be +不定式表將來，按計劃或正式安排將發(fā)生的事。 We are to discuss the report next Saturday.4)be about to +不定式，意為馬上做某事。He is abou

26、t to leave for Beijing. 注意：be about to 不能與tomorrow, next week 等表示明確將來時的時間狀語連用。5. be to和be going tobe to 表示客觀安排或受人指示而做某事。 be going to 表示主觀的打算或計劃。I am to play football tomorrow afternoon. (客觀安排)I'm going to play football tomorrow afternoon. (主觀安排)6. 一般現(xiàn)在時表將來1）下列動詞：come, go, arrive, leave, start, b

27、egin, return的一般現(xiàn)在時表將來。這主要用來表示在時間上已確定或安排好的事情。The train leaves at six tomorrow morning.When does the bus star? It stars in ten minutes.2）倒裝句，表示動作正在進行，如： Here comes the bus. = The bus is coming. There goes the bell. = The bell is ringing.3）在時間或條件句中。 When Bill comes (不是will come), ask him to wait for me

28、. I'll write to you as soon as I arrive there.4）在動詞hope, take care that, make sure that等后。 I hope they have a nice time next week. Make sure that the windows are closed before you leave the room.7. 用現(xiàn)在進行時表示將來意為："意圖"、"打算"、"安排"、常用于人。常用詞為 come, go, start, arrive, leave

29、, stay等。 I'm leaving tomorrow. Are you staying here till next week?8. 現(xiàn)在完成時現(xiàn)在完成時用來表示之前已發(fā)生或完成的動作或狀態(tài)，其結果的確和現(xiàn)在有聯(lián)系。動作或狀態(tài)發(fā)生在過去但它的影響現(xiàn)在還存在；也可表示持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作或狀態(tài)。其構成： have (has) +過去分詞。9. 比較過去時與現(xiàn)在完成時1）過去時表示過去某時發(fā)生的動作或單純敘述過去的事情，強調動作；現(xiàn)在完成時為過去發(fā)生的，強調過去的事情對現(xiàn)在的影響，強調的是影響。 2）過去時常與具體的時間狀語連用，而現(xiàn)在完成時通常與模糊的時間狀語連用，或無時間狀語。一般過

30、去時的時間狀語:yesterday, last week，ago, in1980, in October, just now, 具體的時間狀語共同的時間狀語:this morning, tonight,this April, now, once，before, already, recently，lately現(xiàn)在完成時的時間狀語for, since, so far, ever, never, just, yet,till / until, up to now, in past years, always,不確定的時間狀語 3）現(xiàn)在完成時可表示持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作或狀態(tài)，動詞一般是延續(xù)性的，如liv

31、e, teach, learn, work, study, know. 過去時常用的非持續(xù)性動詞有come, go, leave, start, die, finish, become, get married等。舉例： I saw this film yesterday.（強調看的動作發(fā)生過了。） I have seen this film. （強調對現(xiàn)在的影響，電影的內容已經(jīng)知道了。） Why did you get up so early?（強調起床的動作已發(fā)生過了。） Who hasn't handed in his paper?（強調有卷子，可能為不公平競爭。） She ha

32、s returned from Paris. 她已從巴黎回來了。 She returned yesterday. 她是昨天回來了。 He has been in the League for three years.(在團內的狀態(tài)可延續(xù)) He has been a League member for three years.(是團員的狀態(tài)可持續(xù)) He joined the League three years ago. ( 三年前入團，joined為短暫行為。) I have finished my homework now. -Will somebody go and get Dr. W

33、hite? -He's already been sent for. 句子中如有過去時的時間副詞（如 yesterday, last, week, in 1960）時，不能使用現(xiàn)在完成時，要用過去時。 （錯）Tom has written a letter to his parents last night. （對）Tom wrote a letter to his parents last night.10. 用于現(xiàn)在完成時的句型1）It is the first / second time. that結構中的從句部分，用現(xiàn)在完成時。 It is the first time tha

34、t I have visited the city. It was the third time tha, t the boy had been late.2）This is the that結構，that 從句要用現(xiàn)在完成時. This is the best film that I've (ever) seen. 這是我看過的最好的電影。 This is the first time (that) I've heard him sing.這是我第一次聽他唱歌。典型例題(1) -Do you know our town at all? -No, this is the first time I _ here.A. was B. have been C. came D. am coming 答案B. This is the first time 后面所加從句應為現(xiàn)在完成時，故選B。(2) -Have you _ been to our town before? -No, it's the first time I _ here.A. even, come B. even, have comeC. ever, come D. ever, have come 答案D. ever意為曾經(jīng)或無論