形容詞、副詞用法課件

1、2021/3/91形容詞和副詞形容詞和副詞比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)河南省商城縣觀廟一中 穆正東2021/3/92一形容詞一形容詞1.掌握下列名詞和形容詞的轉(zhuǎn)化掌握下列名詞和形容詞的轉(zhuǎn)化 sun - sunny friend friendly care - careful wind - windy rain - rainy use - useful cloud- cloudy 2021/3/932.表語(yǔ)形容詞表語(yǔ)形容詞：afraid 害怕的害怕的 alive 活著的活著的 alone 單獨(dú)的單獨(dú)的 ashamed 羞愧的羞愧的 asleep 睡著的睡著的 awake 醒著的醒著的 fine

2、健康的健康的 ill有病的有病的2021/3/943.以以ly結(jié)尾的形容詞結(jié)尾的形容詞： 1）大部分形容詞加）大部分形容詞加-ly可構(gòu)成副詞。但可構(gòu)成副詞。但 friendly，deadly，lovely，lonely，likely，lively，ugly，brotherly，仍為形容詞。仍為形容詞。2）有些以）有些以-ly 結(jié)尾既為形容詞，也為副詞。結(jié)尾既為形容詞，也為副詞。 daily，weekly，monthly，early， early The Times is a daily paper. The Times is published daily.2021/3/95用法用法例例 句句

3、補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明作定作定語(yǔ)語(yǔ)This is an interesting book.I have nothing important to tell you.形容詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí)形容詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí)放在被修飾詞之放在被修飾詞之前，修飾不定代前，修飾不定代詞放在后面詞放在后面作表作表語(yǔ)語(yǔ)The work is difficult.She looks happy today.作表語(yǔ)與系動(dòng)作表語(yǔ)與系動(dòng)詞連用詞連用作賓作賓補(bǔ)補(bǔ)Please keep the room clean. I find it very beautiful.4 4、形容詞的用法、形容詞的用法2021/3/96 副詞的分類 時(shí)間副詞 now,

4、before, lately, tonight 地點(diǎn)副詞 here, there, somewhere 頻率副詞 always, often, usually, seldom 程度副詞 very, rather, quite, enough 方式副詞 quickly, carefully, calmly 方向副詞 forward, backward 疑問(wèn)副詞 when, where, how, why 連接副詞 when, where, why ,how2021/3/97 副詞的構(gòu)成副詞的構(gòu)成 有許多副詞是對(duì)應(yīng)的形容詞加有許多副詞是對(duì)應(yīng)的形容詞加ly構(gòu)成構(gòu)成,如如: strong - stro

5、ngly real - really 詞尾是詞尾是y的要把的要把y變?yōu)樽優(yōu)閕再加再加 ly, busy - busily happy - happily 以以e結(jié)尾的結(jié)尾的,大部分直接加大部分直接加-ly, wide widely late - - lately 有幾個(gè)特殊的要去有幾個(gè)特殊的要去e后再加后再加-ly或或y, true - truly terrible-terribly2021/3/98 副詞的用法 1.主要用作狀語(yǔ),修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞，還可以修飾介詞短語(yǔ)和句子。 I have already prepared my lesson.(修飾動(dòng)詞) He has been ext

6、remely busy these days.(修飾形容詞) 2.也可以用作表語(yǔ)或定語(yǔ),作定語(yǔ)時(shí)通常后置. The girl there is my sister.(作定語(yǔ)) Is your brother in ?(作表語(yǔ)) 3.有些副詞(rather、quite等)通?？梢苑涝诿~前用于加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣.2021/3/99用用 法法例例 句句作表語(yǔ)作表語(yǔ)My mother is out .作定語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)The girl there is my friend .作狀語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)He runs fast. 作賓補(bǔ)作賓補(bǔ)I found him outside.2021/3/910規(guī)則變化規(guī)則變化 1.單音節(jié)和

7、少數(shù)雙音節(jié)單詞，一般在詞單音節(jié)和少數(shù)雙音節(jié)單詞，一般在詞尾加尾加“er”或或“est”。 clean, tall, small, cheap , short, long, light, high 2. 以不發(fā)音字母以不發(fā)音字母“e”結(jié)尾的單詞，直接結(jié)尾的單詞，直接在詞尾加在詞尾加 “r”或或“st”。 nice, late, close, fine, large, free, rude2021/3/911以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾的單詞，如果詞尾以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾的單詞，如果詞尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母時(shí)，應(yīng)先雙寫(xiě)這一只有一個(gè)輔音字母時(shí)，應(yīng)先雙寫(xiě)這一輔音字母，再加輔音字母，再加“er”或或“est”。 fat,

8、big, red, thin, hot, fat, sad, wet以輔音字母以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的單詞，應(yīng)先改結(jié)尾的單詞，應(yīng)先改“y”為為“i”，在加，在加“er”或或“est”。 happy , easy, heavy, healthy, busy, lucky, pretty, sunny, funny2021/3/9125. 其他雙音節(jié)單詞和多音節(jié)單詞，都在其前其他雙音節(jié)單詞和多音節(jié)單詞，都在其前面加面加“more”或或“most”。(beautiful, interesting)6. 不規(guī)則變化不規(guī)則變化。 記憶口訣記憶口訣： 合二為一共三對(duì)，合二為一共三對(duì)，“壞壞bad”,“病病il

9、l”,兩多兩多many/much”和和“兩好兩好good/well”， 一分為二只兩個(gè)，一是一分為二只兩個(gè)，一是“遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)far”來(lái)二是來(lái)二是“老老old”， 還有一詞還有一詞little含雙義，只記含雙義，只記“少少”來(lái)不記來(lái)不記“小小”。2021/3/913Read and compare :younglongfullshortsmalloldfineeasyhungryearlyheavybigredyounger youngestlonger longestfuller fullest shorter shortestsmaller smallestolder oldest finer f

10、inesteasier easiesthungrier hungriest earlier earliestheavier heaviestbigger biggest redder reddest2021/3/914healthymanyfamousillexcitingcarefullywet hotlittlefewhealthier healthiestmore mostmore famous most famousworse worstmore exciting most excitingmore carefully most carefullywetter wettesthotte

11、r hottestless leastfewer fewest2021/3/915不規(guī)則變化原級(jí)比較級(jí)最高級(jí)good/wellbetterbestbad/illworseworstmany/muchmoremostlittlelessleastfarfarther/furtherfarthest/furthestoldolder/elderoldest/eldest2021/3/916形容詞副詞原級(jí)用法形容詞副詞原級(jí)用法:* 1. as+adj/ adv.的原級(jí)的原級(jí)+ as (肯肯,否否) , (not)soas (否否)eg. The ruler is as long as that on

12、e. He sings as well as Jack. He doesnt sing as(so) well as Jack.2. as much as, as many as 與與一樣多一樣多eg. I have done as much work as he did yesterday. You can take as many books as you can. 2021/3/9171、比較級(jí)、比較級(jí)+thanShe is fatter than he.He is thinner than she.2021/3/9182 2、比較級(jí)比較級(jí)+and+and+比較級(jí)比較級(jí) 越來(lái)越越來(lái)越 I

13、n spring, the days are getting longer and longer. His voice got weaker and weaker in the end.These days more and more people are learning English.I find the price of house is more and more expensive. It becomes colder and colder when winter comes.2021/3/9193 3、表示兩者之間的選擇，可使用、表示兩者之間的選擇，可使用“Which/Who +

14、 + 比較級(jí)，比較級(jí)，or?” Which is longer, this one or that?Who is taller, Mary or Jane?2021/3/920形容詞和副詞的比較級(jí)其它用法形容詞和副詞的比較級(jí)其它用法1表示倍數(shù)的三個(gè)句型：(1).times as形容詞原級(jí)as.This table is 3 times as big as that one.(2).times the性質(zhì)名詞of.This table is 3 times the size of that one.(3).times形容詞比較級(jí)than.This table is 2 times bigger

15、than that one.2同程度級(jí)的比較，用as.as，the same as，such.as引導(dǎo)：Henry does not have so/as many books as I have.亨利不如我的書(shū)多。2021/3/9213the比較級(jí)比較級(jí)，the比較級(jí)比較級(jí)The more you talked，the less attention he paid to you.你說(shuō)得越多，他越不注意你。你說(shuō)得越多，他越不注意你。4the比較級(jí)比較級(jí)of the two名詞：名詞：The taller of the two boys is my brother. 這兩個(gè)男孩中較高的是我弟弟。

16、這兩個(gè)男孩中較高的是我弟弟。5一個(gè)人的兩種品質(zhì)的比較，用一個(gè)人的兩種品質(zhì)的比較，用more.than結(jié)構(gòu)：結(jié)構(gòu)：I think shes more shy than unfriendly.與其說(shuō)她不友好，不如說(shuō)她害羞。與其說(shuō)她不友好，不如說(shuō)她害羞。6否定比較級(jí)最高級(jí)否定比較級(jí)最高級(jí) There is no greater love than that of a man who lays down his life for his friends.為朋友而放棄生命的人的愛(ài)是最偉大的愛(ài)。為朋友而放棄生命的人的愛(ài)是最偉大的愛(ài)。2021/3/9227比較的對(duì)象不能相互包容，注意：比較的對(duì)象不能相互包容

17、，注意：比較級(jí)比較級(jí)+than+The Mississippi River is longer than any other river in the United States.密西西比河是美國(guó)最長(zhǎng)的河。密西西比河是美國(guó)最長(zhǎng)的河。8比較級(jí)的修飾語(yǔ)常見(jiàn)的有：比較級(jí)的修飾語(yǔ)常見(jiàn)的有：much，still，even，far，any(用于否定句或疑問(wèn)句用于否定句或疑問(wèn)句)，a lot，a little，a great deal，by far，a bit，three times等。等。The students study even harder than before.學(xué)生們比以前學(xué)習(xí)更努力了。學(xué)生們

18、比以前學(xué)習(xí)更努力了。any other+單數(shù)the other+復(fù)數(shù)/the others2021/3/9238比較的對(duì)象應(yīng)該相同。The population of China is larger than that of any other country in the world.中國(guó)的人口比世界上任何其他國(guó)家的都多。China has a larger population than any other country in the world.9.no比較級(jí)than的特殊含義A is no more careful than BA和B兩人都不仔細(xì)。A is no less caref

19、ul than BA和B兩人都很仔細(xì)。 2021/3/9241 1、the 最高級(jí)最高級(jí)+ +of (in)Hong JinbaoZheng ZeshiNuttyZheng is fatter than Hong.Nutty is the fattest of the three.2021/3/925Noodles are more delicious than dumplings.The cake is the most delicious of all.2021/3/9262 2、副詞的最高級(jí)前、副詞的最高級(jí)前（the) 可以省略可以省略Tom runs fast.Jill runs fa

20、ster.Bob runs fastest.Tom comes to school late.Jill comes to school later.Bob comes to school latest.2021/3/927Lu Xun is one of the greatest writers last century.The Yellow River is the second longest river in China. 3 3、表示、表示“最最之一之一”和和“第第個(gè)最個(gè)最”時(shí)時(shí)one of +最高級(jí)最高級(jí)+名詞復(fù)數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)the first/second/third+最高級(jí)最高級(jí)+名

21、詞單數(shù)名詞單數(shù)。2021/3/9284 4、用、用oror連接兩項(xiàng)需作比較的內(nèi)容時(shí)，須用比連接兩項(xiàng)需作比較的內(nèi)容時(shí)，須用比較級(jí)；若較級(jí)；若oror連接三項(xiàng)或三項(xiàng)以上的內(nèi)容時(shí)，則須連接三項(xiàng)或三項(xiàng)以上的內(nèi)容時(shí)，則須用最高級(jí)。用最高級(jí)。Who is taller, Mary or Jane?Which is biggest, the sun, the moon or the earth?2021/3/9295、 Alices diet was less healthy than Dannys diet. (不不如如) (more than 勝于勝于)This T-shirt is the same

22、size as that one.The red shirt is five yuan cheaper than that blue one.Which is the least interesting film youve ever seen? This park is three times as big as the Summer Palace. (倍數(shù)倍數(shù)+asas)This book cost twice as much as that one.2021/3/930 6 6、掌握幾種同義句轉(zhuǎn)換、掌握幾種同義句轉(zhuǎn)換He is taller than any other student

23、in his class. = He is taller than the other students in his class.= He is the tallest (student)in his class.2021/3/931小結(jié) 3.掌握形容詞、副詞表示比較的幾種結(jié)構(gòu)。掌握形容詞、副詞表示比較的幾種結(jié)構(gòu)。 表示兩者表示兩者“相等相等”用，用，as+形容詞形容詞/副詞原級(jí)副詞原級(jí)+比較對(duì)象；比較對(duì)象；表示表示“不如不如”沒(méi)有沒(méi)有“不相等不相等”，用，用“not+as/so+形容形容詞、副詞原級(jí)詞、副詞原級(jí)+as+比較對(duì)象比較對(duì)象”； 用形容詞、副詞的比較級(jí)用形容詞、副詞的比較級(jí)+th

24、an從句表示兩者比較；從句表示兩者比較； 比較級(jí)前可用比較級(jí)前可用much,a little,a lot, far， still,no,even,any 等表示程度；等表示程度； and連接同一個(gè)比較級(jí)，表示越來(lái)越連接同一個(gè)比較級(jí)，表示越來(lái)越； the+比較級(jí)比較級(jí).the+另一個(gè)比較級(jí)表示越另一個(gè)比較級(jí)表示越越越； 形容詞、副詞前如有：形容詞、副詞前如有：very,too,quite,rather等修飾，等修飾，一般用原級(jí)；一般用原級(jí)； 三者、三者以上的比較，一般用最高級(jí)；常用介詞三者、三者以上的比較，一般用最高級(jí)；常用介詞in，of短語(yǔ)表示比較的范圍；短語(yǔ)表示比較的范圍； 表示表示“最最之

25、一之一”，用，用one of +最高級(jí)最高級(jí)+復(fù)數(shù)名詞；復(fù)數(shù)名詞； 最高級(jí)前一般要加最高級(jí)前一般要加“the”；副詞最高級(jí)前可加；副詞最高級(jí)前可加“the”也也可不加可不加“the”；當(dāng)最高級(jí)前有物主代詞時(shí)，則不加；當(dāng)最高級(jí)前有物主代詞時(shí)，則不加“the”。2021/3/932I think English is as as maths. D. importanterimportant B.more important C. most important Mother gets up in my family.early B. earlier C. earliest D. the earlie

26、r3. The next morning Jenny got up even .early B. earlier C. earliest D. the earliest4. Emily sings of the five girls.good B. well C. better D. best5. In fact, Delia is a little than her elder sister.tall B. taller C. tallest D. the tallest6. Heidi does not jump so as Jane.A. high B. higher C. highes

27、t D. the highest2021/3/9337. Of all the stars the sun is to us.close B. closer C. closest D. the closest8. Barbara felt much than before after dark.cold B. colder C. coldest D. the coldest9. This jacket is smaller than that one but its .expensive B. more expensive C. most expensive D. the most expen

28、sive10. Our country has become in the past 20 years.more and more rich and strong more richer and more stronger C. more rich and more strongA. D. richer and stronger2021/3/93411. William Shakespeare is one of play writers in England.great B. greater C. greatest D. the greatest12. -What do you think

29、of Miss Lis teaching? -Oh, no one else teaches .good B. well C. fine D. better13. The population of Japan is than that of China.A. fewer B. smaller C. larger D. more14. The next day Jim was very wet again, and his mother became angrier. very B. more C. even D. ever15. Tom is more careful than any in

30、 his class. A. A. boy B. other boys C. boys D. other boy 2021/3/93516. play writers in England.great B. greater C. greatest D. the greatest12. -What do you think of Miss Lis teaching? -Oh, no one else teaches .good B. well C. fine D. better13. The population of Japan is than that of China.A. fewer B

31、. smaller C. larger D. more14. The next day Jim was very wet again, and his mother became angrier. very B. more C. even D. ever15. Tom is more careful than any in his class. A. A. boy B. other boys C. boys D. other boy 2021/3/936Do some exercises同義句轉(zhuǎn)換同義句轉(zhuǎn)換 He is the tallest student in his class. He

32、is _ _ _ _ student in his class. He is _ _ _ _ students in his class. Peter draws well, Lilei draws better. Lilei draws _ of the two. The tractor goes faster than the bike. The bike goes _ _ than the tractor. His cakes dearer than the twins cakes. His cake is _ _ of the three.taller than any other t

33、aller than the otherbettermore slowlythe dearest2021/3/937選擇填空選擇填空1. Which does Jimmy like ,Chinese or Art? A. well B. best C. better D. much2. The Chang jiang River is one of in the world.A. the longest river B. longest rivers C. the longest rivers D. longer rivers3. of the two women is Mrs Brown.

34、A. The beautiful B. The more beautiful C.More beautiful D. The most beautiful4. My mooncake is nicer his. A. like B. with C. for D. than 5. You are fatter than . A. he B. his C. him D. he is tall6. He jumps of the three. A. far B. further C. farthest D. furthest7. My hair is longer than . A. my sister B. Kate C. my brothers D. LucysCCBDACC2021/3/9388. There is paper here .Please bring some. A. little B. less C. fewer D. a little9. The pen is than that one. A. more cheap B. cheap C. mu