勞動合同法254633141

1、勞動合同法254633141Adoptedatthe28thSessionoftheStandingCommitteeofthe10thNationalPeople'sCongressonJune29,2007EffectivefromJanuary1,2008ByBaker&MCKenzieCHAPTER1GENERALPROVISIONSArticle1ThisLawhasbeenformulatedinordertoimprovetheemploymentcontractsystem,tospecifytherightsandobligationsoftheparties

2、toemploymentcontracts,toprotectthelawfulrightsandinterestsofEmployeesandtobuildanddevelopharmoniousandstableemploymentrelationships.Article2ThisLawgovernstheestablishmentofemploymentrelationshipsbetween,andtheconclusion,performance,amendment,terminationandendingofemploymentcontractsby,organizationss

3、uchasenterprises,individualeconomicorganizationsandprivatenon-enterpriseunitsinthePeople'sRepublicofChina(“Employers”)ontheonehandandEmployeesinthePeople'sRepublicofChinaontheotherhand.Theconclusion,performance,amendment,terminationandendingofemploymentcontractsbystateauthorities,institution

4、sorsocialorganizationsontheonehandandEmployeeswithwhomtheyestablishemploymentrelationshipsontheotherhand,shallbehandledpursuanttothisLaw.Article3Theconclusionofemploymentcontractsshallcomplywiththeprinciplesoflawfulness,fairness,equality,freewill,negotiatedconsensusandgoodfaith.Alawfullyconcludedemp

5、loymentcontractisbinding,andboththeEmployerandtheEmployeeshallperformtheirrespectiveobligationsstipulatedtherein.Article4Employersshallestablishandimproveinternalrulesandregulations,soastoensurethatEmployeesenjoytheirlaborrightsandperformtheirlaborobligations.WhenanEmployerformulates,revisesordecide

6、sonrulesandregulations,ormaterialmatters,thathaveadirectbearingontheimmediateinterestsofitsEmployees,suchasthoseconcerningcompensation,workhours,rest,leave,worksafetyandhygiene,insurance,benefits,employeetraining,workdisciplineorworkquotamanagement,thesameshallbediscussedbytheemployeerepresentativec

7、ongressoralltheemployees.Theemployeerepresentativecongressoralltheemployees,asthecasemaybe,shallputforwardaproposalandcomments,whereuponthemattershallbedeterminedthroughconsultationswiththeTradeunionoremployeerepresentativesconductedonabasisofequality.If,duringtheimplementationofanEmployer"srul

8、eorregulationordecisiononacrucialmatter,theTradeunionoranemployeeisoftheopinionthatthesameisinappropriate,itorheisentitledtocommunicatesuchopiniontotheEmployer,andtherule,regulationordecisionshallbeimprovedbymakingamendmentsafterconsultations.Rulesandregulations,anddecisionsonmaterialmatters,thathav

9、eadirectbearingontheimmediateinterestsofEmployeesshallbemadepublicorbecommunicatedtotheEmployeesbytheEmployer.Article5ThelaboradministrationauthoritiesofPeople'sGovernmentsatthecountylevelandabove,togetherwiththeTradeunionandenterpriserepresentatives,shallestablishacomprehensivetri-partitemechan

10、ismforthecordinationofemploymentrelationships,inordertojointlystudyandresoIvemajorissuesconcerningemploymentrelationships.Article6ATradeunionshallassistandguideEmployeesintheconclusionofemploymentcontractswiththeirEmployerandtheperformancethereofinaccordancewiththelaw,andestablishacollectivebargaini

11、ngmechanismwiththeEmployerinordertosafeguardthelawfulrightsandinterestsofEmployees.CHAPTER2CONCLUSIONOFEMPLOYMENTCONTRACTSArticle7AnEmployer"semploymentrelationshipwithaEmployeeisestablishedonthedateitstartsusingtheEmployee.AnEmployershallkeeparegisterofemployees,forreferencepurposes.Article8Wh

12、enanEmployerhiresaEmployee,itshalltruthfullyinformhimastothecontentofthework,theworkingconditions,theplaceofwork,occupationalhazards,productionsafetyconditions,laborcompensationandothermatterswhichtheEmployeerequeststobeinformedabout.TheEmployerhastherighttolearnfromtheEmployeebasicinformationwhichd

13、irectlyrelatestotheemploymentcontract,andtheEmployeeshalltruthfullyprovidethesame.Article9WhenhiringaEmployee,anEmployermaynotretaintheEmployeesresidentIDcardorotherpapers,normayitrequirehimtoprovidesecurityorcollectpropertyfromhimundersomeotherguise.Article10Toestablishanemploymentrelationship,awri

14、ttenemploymentcontractshallbeconcluded.Intheeventthatnowrittenemploymentcontractwasconcludedatthetimeofestablishmentofanemploymentrelationship,awrittenemploymentcontractshallbeconcludedwithinonemonthafterthedateonwhichtheEmployerstartsusingtheEmployee.WhereanEmployerandaEmployeeconcludeanemploymentc

15、ontractbeforetheEmployerstartsusingtheEmployee,theemploymentrelationshipshallbeestablishedonthedateonwhichtheEmployerstartsusingtheEmployee.Article11IntheeventthatanEmployerfailstoconcludeawrittenemploymentcontractwithaEmployeeatthetimeitsstartstousehim,anditisnotclearwhatlaborcompensationwasagreedu

16、ponwiththeEmployee,thelaborcompensationofthenewEmployeeshallbedecidedpursuanttotheratespecifiedinthecollectivecontract;wherethereisnocollectivecontractorthecollectivecontractissilentonthematter,equalpayshallbegivenforequalwork.Article12Employmentcontractsaredividedintofixed-termemploymentcontracts,o

17、pen-endedemploymentcontractsandemploymentcontractstoexpireuponcompletionofacertainjob.Article13A“fixed-termemploymentcontract”isanemploymentcontractwhoseendingdateisagreeduponbytheEmployerandtheEmployee.AnEmployerandaEmployeemayconcludeafixed-termemploymentcontractuponreachinganegotiatedconsensus.Ar

18、ticle14Anaopen-endedemploymentcontract”isanemploymentcontractforwhichtheEmployerandtheEmployeehaveagreednottostipulateadefiniteendingdate.AnEmployerandaEmployeemayconcludeanopen-endedemploymentcontractuponreachinganegotiatedconsensus.IfaEmployeeproposesoragreestorenewhisemploymentcontractortoconclud

19、eanemploymentcontractinanyofthefollowingcircumstances,anopen-endedemploymentcontractshallbeconcluded,unlesstheEmployeerequeststheconclusionofafixed-termemploymentcontract:(1) TheEmployeehasbeenworkingfortheEmployerforaconsecutiveperiodofnotlessthan10years;whenhisEmployerintroducestheemploymentcontra

20、ctsystemorthestateownedenterprisethatemployshimre-concludesitsemploymentcontractsasaresultofrestructuring,theEmployeehasbeenworkingfortheEmployerforaconsecutiveperiodofnotlessthan10yearsandislessthan10yearsawayfromhislegalretirementage;or(2) priortotherenewal,afixed-termemploymentcontractwasconclude

21、dontwoconsecutiveoccasionsandtheEmployeeisnotcharacterizedbyanyofthecircumstancessetforthinArticle39anditems(1)and(2)ofArticle40hereof.IfanEmployerfailstoconcludeawrittenemploymentcontractwithaEmployeewithinoneyearfromthedateonwhichitstartsusingtheEmployee,theEmployerandtheEmployeeshallbedeemedtohav

22、econcludedanopen-endedemploymentcontract.Article15An"employmentcontractwithatermtoexpireuponcompletionofacertainjob”isanemploymentcontractinwhichtheEmployerandtheEmployeehaveagreedthatthecompletionofacertainjobisthetermofthecontract.AnEmployerandaEmployeemay,uponreachinganegotiatedconsensus,con

23、cludeanemploymentcontractwithatermtoexpireuponcompletionofacertainjob.Article16AnemploymentcontractshallbecomeeffectivewhentheEmployerandtheEmployeehavereachedanegotiatedconsensusthereonandeachofthemhassignedorsealedthetextofsuchcontract.TheEmployerandtheEmployeeshalleachholdonecopyoftheemploymentco

24、ntract.Article17Anemploymentcontractshallspecifythefollowingmatters:(1) Thename,domicileandlegalrepresentativeormainpersoninchargeoftheEmployer;(2) Thename,domicileandnumberoftheresidentIDcardorothervalididentitydocumentoftheEmployee;(3) Thetermoftheemploymentcontract;(4) Thejobdescriptionandtheplac

25、eofwork;(5) Workinghours,restandleave;(6) Laborcompensation;(7) Socialinsurance;(8) Laborprotection,workingconditionsandprotectionagainstoccupationalhazards;and(9) Othermatterswhichlawsandstatutesrequiretobeincludedinemploymentcontracts.Inadditiontotherequisitetermsmentionedabove,anEmployerandaEmplo

26、yeemayagreetostipulateothermattersintheemploymentcontract,suchasprobationperiod,training,confidentiality,supplementaryinsuranceandbenefits,etc.Article18Ifadisputearisesduetothefactthattherateorstandardsforlaborcompensationorworkingconditions,etc.arenotexplicitlyspecifiedintheemploymentcontract,theEm

27、ployerandtheEmployeemayrenegotiate.Ifthenegotiationsareunsuccessful,theprovisionsofthecollectivecontractshallapply.Ifthereisnocollectivecontractorthecollectivecontractissilentontheissueoflaborcompensation,equalpayshallbegivenforequalwork;ifthereisnocollectivecontractorthecollectivecontractissilenton

28、theissueofworkingconditions,therelevantregulationsofthestateshallapply.Article19Ifanemploymentcontracthasatermofnotlessthanthreemonthsbutlessthanoneyear,theprobationperiodmaynotexceedonemonth;ifanemploymentcontracthasatermofmorethanoneyearandlessthanthreeyears,theprobationperiodmaynotexceedtwomonths

29、;andifanemploymentcontracthasatermofnotlessthanthreeyearsorisopen-ended,theprobationperiodmaynotexceedsixmonths.AnEmployermaystipulateonlyoneprobationperiodwithanygivenEmployee.Noprobationperiodmaybespecifiedinanemploymentcontractwithatermtoexpireuponcompletionofacertainjoboranemploymentcontractwith

30、atermoflessthanthreemonths.Theprobationperiodshallbeincludedinthetermoftheemploymentcontract.Ifanemploymentcontractprovidesforaprobationperiodonly,thenthereisnoprobationperiodandthetermconcernedshallbethetermoftheemploymentcontract.Article20ThewagesofaEmployeeonprobationmaynotbelessthanthelowestwage

31、levelforthesamejobwiththeEmployerorlessthan80percentofthewageagreeduponintheemploymentcontract,andmaynotbelessthantheminimumwagerateintheplacewheretheEmployerislocated.AnEmployermaynotterminateanemploymentcontractduringtheprobationperiodunlesstheEmployeeischaracterizedbyanyofthecircumstancessetforth

32、inArticle39anditems(1)and(2)ofArticle40hereof.IfanEmployerterminatesanemploymentcontractduringtheprobationperiod,itshallexplainthereasonstotheEmployee.Article22IfanEmployerprovidesspecialfundingforaEmployee'strainingandgiveshimprofessionaltechnicaltraining,itmayconcludeanagreementspecifyingaterm

33、ofservicewithsuchEmployee.IftheEmployeebreachestheagreementonthetermofservice,heshallpayliquidateddamagestotheEmployerasagreed.ThemeasureoftheliquidateddamagesmaynotexceedthetrainingexpensespaidbytheEmployer.TheliquidateddamagesthattheEmployerrequirestheEmployeetopaymaynotexceedtheportionofthetraini

34、ngexpensesallocabletotheunperformedportionofthetermofservice.ThereachingofagreementonatermofservicebetweentheEmployerandtheEmployeedoesnotaffecttheraisingoftheEmployee"slaborcompensationduringthetermofserviceaccordingtothenormalwageadjustmentmechanism.Article23IfaEmployeehasaconfidentialityobli

35、gation,theEmployermayagreewiththeEmployeeoncompetitionrestrictionprovisionsintheemploymentcontractorconfidentialityagreement,andstipulatethattheEmployershallpayfinancialcompensationtotheEmployeeonamonthlybasisduringthetermofthecompetitionrestrictionaftertheterminationorendingoftheemploymentcontract.

36、IftheEmployeebreachesthecompetitionrestrictionprovisions,heshallpayliquidateddamagestotheEmployerasstipulated.ThepersonnelsubjecttocompetitionrestrictionsshallbelimitedtotheEmployer"sseniormanagement,seniortechniciansandotherpersonnelwithaconfidentialityobligation.Thescope,territoryandtermofthe

37、competitionrestrictionsshallbeagreeduponbytheEmployerandtheEmployee,andsuchagreementshallnotviolatelawsandregulations.Theterm,countedfromtheterminationorendingoftheemploymentcontract,forwhichapersonasmentionedintheprecedingparagraphissubjecttocompetitionrestrictionsintermsofhisworkingforacompetingEm

38、ployerthatproducesthesametypeofproductsorisengagedinthesametypeofbusinessashiscurrentEmployer,orintermsofhisestablishinghisownbusinesstoproducethesametypeofproductsorengageinthesametypeofbusiness,shallnotexceedtwoyears.Article25WiththeexceptionofthecircumstancesspecifiedinArticles22and23hereof,anEmp

39、loyermaynotstipulatewithaEmployeeprovisionsonthebearingofliquidateddamagesbytheEmployee.Article26Anemploymentcontractshallbeinvalidorpartiallyinvalidif:(1) Apartyusessuchmeansasdeceptionorcoercion,ortakesadvantageoftheotherparty'sdifficulties,tocausetheotherpartytoconcludeanemploymentcontract,or

40、tomakeanamendmentthereto,thatiscontrarytothatparty'strueintent;(2) TheEmployerdisclaimsitslegalliabilityordeniestheEmployeehisrights;or(3) Mandatoryprovisionsoflawsoradministrativestatutesareviolated.Iftheinvalidityorpartialinvalidityoftheemploymentcontractisdisputed,itshallbeconfirmedbyalabordi

41、sputearbitrationinstitutionoraPeople'sCourt.Article27Ifcertainprovisionsofanemploymentcontractareinvalidandsuchinvaliditydoesnotaffectthevalidityoftheremainingprovisions,theremainingprovisionsshallremainvalid.Article28IfanemploymentcontractisconfirmedasinvalidandtheEmployeehasalreadyperformedlab

42、or,theEmployershallpaytheEmployeelaborcompensation.TheamountoflaborcompensationshallbedeterminedwithreferencetothelaborcompensationofEmployeesinthesameorasimilarpositionwiththeEmployer.CHAPTER3PERFORMANCEANDAMENDMENTOFEMPLOYMENTCONTRACTSArticle29TheEmployerandtheEmployeeshalleachfullyperformits/hiso

43、bligationsinaccordancewiththeemploymentcontract.Article30EmployersshallpaytheirEmployeeslaborcompensationontimeandinfullinaccordancewiththeemploymentcontractsandstateregulations.IfanEmployerfallsintoarrearswiththepaymentoflaborcompensationorfailstomakepaymentinfull,theEmployeemay,inaccordancewiththe

44、law,applytothelocalPeople'sCourtforanordertopay;andthePeople'sCourtshallissuesuchorderinaccordancewiththelaw.Article31EmployersshallstrictlyimplementtheworkquotastandardsandmaynotcompelorinadisguisedmannercompelEmployeestoworkovertime.IfanEmployerarrangesforaEmployeetoworkovertime,itshallpay

45、himovertimepayinaccordancewiththerelevantstateregulations.Article32EmployeesshallnotbeheldinbreachoftheiremploymentcontractsiftheyrefusetoperformdangerousoperationsthatareinstructedinviolationofregulationsorperemptorilyorderedbymanagementstaffoftheEmployer.Employeeshavetherighttocriticize,reporttoth

46、eauthoritiesorlodgeaccusationsagainsttheirEmployersinrespectofworkingconditionsthatendangertheirlivesorhealth.Article33Changessuchachangeinthename,legalrepresentativeormainpersoninchargeof,oran(the)investor(s)in,anEmployershallnotaffecttheperformanceofitsemploymentcontracts.Article34IfanEmployerisme

47、rgedordivided,etc.,itsexistingemploymentcontractsshallremainvalidandcontinuetobeperformedbytheEmployer(s)whichsucceededtoitsrightsandobligationsArticle35AnEmployerandaEmployeemayamendtheprovisionsoftheiremploymentcontractiftheysoagreeafterconsultations.Amendmentstoanemploymentcontractshallbemadeinwr

48、iting.TheEmployerandtheEmployeeshalleachholdonecopyoftheamendedemploymentcontract.CHAPTER4TERMINATIONANDENDINGOFEMPLOYMENTCONTRACTSArticle36AnEmployerandaEmployeemayterminatetheiremploymentcontractiftheysoagreeafterconsultations.Article37AEmployeemayterminatehisemploymentcontractupon30days'prior

49、writtennoticetohisEmployer.Duringhisprobationperiod,aEmployeemayterminatehisemploymentcontractbygivinghisEmployerthreedays'priornotice.Article38AEmployeemayterminatehisemploymentcontractifhisEmployer:(1) Failstoprovidethelaborprotectionorworkingconditionsspecifiedintheemploymentcontract;(2) Fail

50、stopaylaborcompensationinfullandontime;(3) FailstopaythesocialinsurancepremiumsfortheEmployeeinaccordancewiththelaw;(4) Hasrulesandregulationsthatviolatelawsorregulations,therebyharmingtheEmployee'srightsandinterests;(5) causestheemploymentcontracttobeinvalidduetoacircumstancespecifiedinthefirst

51、paragraphofArticle26hereof;(6) GivesrisetoanothercircumstanceinwhichlawsoradministrativestatutespermitaEmployeetoterminatehisemploymentcontract.IfanEmployerusesviolence,threatsorunlawfulrestrictionofpersonalfreedomtocompelaEmployeetowork,orifaEmployeeisinstructedinviolationofrulesandregulationsorper

52、emptorilyorderedbyhisEmployertoperformdangerousoperationswhichthreatenhispersonalsafety,theEmployeemayterminatehisemploymentcontractforthwithwithoutgivingpriornoticetotheEmployer.Article39AnEmployermayterminateanemploymentcontractiftheEmployee:(1) Isprovedduringtheprobationperiodnottosatisfythecondi

53、tionsforemployment;(2) MateriallybreachestheEmployer"srulesandregulations;(3) Commitsseriousderelictionofdutyorpracticesgraft,causingsubstantialdamagetotheEmployer;(4) hasadditionallyestablishedanemploymentrelationshipwithanotherEmployerwhichmateriallyaffectsthecompletionofhistaskswiththefirst-

54、mentionedEmployer,orherefusestorectifythematterafterthesameisbroughttohisattentionbytheEmployer;(5) causestheemploymentcontracttobeinvalidduetothecircumstancespecifiedinitem(1)ofthefirstparagraphofArticle26hereof;or(6) Hashiscriminalliabilitypursuedinaccordancewiththelaw.Article40AnEmployermaytermin

55、ateanemploymentcontractbygivingtheEmployeehimself30days'priorwrittennotice,oronemonth'swageinlieuofnotice,if:(1) afterthesetperiodofmedicalcareforanillnessornon-work-relatedinjury,theEmployeecanengageneitherinhisoriginalworknorinotherworkarrangedforhimbyhisEmployer;(2) TheEmployeeisincompete

56、ntandremainsincompetentaftertrainingoradjustmentofhisposition;orAmajorchangeintheobjectivecircumstancesrelieduponatthetimeofconclusionoftheemploymentcontractrendersitunperformableand,afterconsultations,theEmployerandEmployeeareunabletoreachagreementonamendingtheemploymentcontract.Article41Ifanyofthe

57、followingcircumstancesmakesitnecessarytoreducetheworkforceby20personsormoreorbyanumberofpersonsthatislessthan20butaccountsfor10percentormoreofthetotalnumberoftheenterprise'semployees,theEmployermayreducetheworkforceafterithasexplainedthecircumstancestoitsTradeunionortoallofitsemployees30daysinad

58、vance,hasconsideredtheopinionsoftheTradeunionortheemployeesandhassubsequentlyreportedtheworkforcereductionplantothelaboradministrationdepartment:(1) RestructuringpursuanttotheEnterpriseBankruptcyLaw;(2) Seriousdifficultiesinproductionand/orbusinessoperations;(3) Theenterpriseswitchesproduction,intro

59、ducesamajortechnologicalinnovationorrevisesitsbusinessmethod,and,afteramendmentofemploymentcontracts,stillneedstoreduceitsworkforce;or(4) Anothermajorchangeintheobjectiveeconomiccircumstancesrelieduponatthetimeofconclusionoftheemploymentcontracts,renderingthemunperformable.Whenreducingtheworkforce,theEmployershallretainwithprioritypersons:(1) WhohaveconcludedwiththeEmployerfixed