英語國家概況教案Lesson4范文

1、南京交通職業(yè)技術(shù)學院教 案教師姓名尹亮宇授課班級/2015/2032授課形式講授授課日期年月 日第周授課時數(shù)80minutes授課章中名稱Unit Two History A Brief History of the USA教學目的Acquires a general idea about the history of the USA.Learn about the major stages and important figures in American history.Find out the influence of American history on other English-

2、speaking countries.教學重點The War of Independence （美國獨立戰(zhàn)爭）Territorial Expansion（領(lǐng)土擴張）The Civil War（南北戰(zhàn)爭）Rapid Growth of Economy （經(jīng)濟的飛速增長）教學難點English Colonial America （1067-1776） Forming of the USA （1776-1849） The Civil War （1861-1865）更新、補充、刪節(jié)內(nèi)容補充： Case study刪除：補充閱讀使用多媒體教室*教具課外作業(yè)1. Memorize the words an

3、d phrases.2. p.54 I . 3. Supplementary Reading.課后體會授課主要內(nèi)容1. Revision: （10 ）2. Revise the content of Lesson3.3. Oral homework: What's your impression of the USA 可以適當?shù)挠弥形模㊣I. New Lesson: （60'）Part I. Word Box （省略）Part II. Text1. Pre-Colonial America: Christopher Columbus was the first European

4、 to set foot on what would one day become U.S. territory when he came to Puerto Rico in 1492. He thought he had reached India, so he named the local people Indians, not knowing that he had discovered a New Continent. Amerigo Vespucci, another navigator proved that the land was not India, therefore t

5、he land was named America after him （詳細）2. English Colonial America （1067-1776） By 1750, nealry 2 million people were living irthese colonies, many of whom were Puritans who left their own countries in serach of religious freedom The most typical example was the voyage of the Mayflower ship, which c

6、arried the Pilgrims across the Atlantic Ocean and arrived at Plymouth in 1620, built the Plymouth colony.（詳細）3. Forming of the USA （1776-1849）The War of Independence（概述）4. Territorial expansion （概述）5. The Civil War （1861 T865）（概述）6. Rapid Growth of Economy （1865T918）（概述）7. Post-World War I and Great

7、 Depression （1918T940）（略詳）8. World War II （1939-1945）（概述）III. Consolidation: （9' X回顧本課所學內(nèi)容，討論并拓寬思維）Discuss the following questions in groups and make an oral report to the class. 1. How was the United States of America founded?How did the USA become the richest country in the world? What are the

8、 reasons of the fall of the UK and the rise of the USA?2. Case Study The Special Relationship Between the UK and the USA3. Military cooperation-The unparalleled level of military co-operation began with the creation of the Combined Chiefs of Staff in December 1941, a military command with authority

9、over all American and British operations. This cooperation has increased steadily since the ear 1950s when military contacts were re-established .IV. Homework: (1 ) Supplementary Reading.4.p.59 I說明：教師備課筆記由學校自訂式樣弁附后Unit 2 HistoryLesson 4 A Brief History of the USAI. Revision:Oral homework： What's

10、 your impression of the USA M以適當?shù)挠弥形?Mount RashmoreMount Rushmore National Memorial, near Keystone, South Dakota, is a monumental granite sculpture by Gutzon Borglum, with 60-foot (18 m) sculptures of the heads of former United States presidents (left to right): George Washington (1732 -1799), Thoma

11、s Jefferson (1743 T826), Theodore Roosevelt (18581919), and Abraham Lincoln (1809-1865).Abraham LincolnThe 16th President of the United States, who guided his country through the most devastating experience in its national history-the Civil War.US Coat of ArmsThe Great Seal of the United States is u

12、sed to authenticate certain documents issued by the United States federal government. The Great Seal was first used publicly in 1782.The design on the obverse of the great seal is the national coat of arms of the United States. It is officially used on documents such as United States passports,milit

13、ary insignia, embassy placards, and various flags.Franklin RooseveltFranklin Delano Roosevelt (January 30, 1882 -April 12, 1945), often referred to by his initials FDR, was the thirty-second President of the United States. Elected to four terms in office, he served from 1933 to 1945 and is the only

14、U.S. president to have served more than two terms. He was a central figure of the 20th century during a time of worldwide economic crisis and world war, and has been ranked as one of the three greatest US presidents in scholarly surveys.II. New Lesson:Part I. Word BoxPart II. TextPre-reading: Give a

15、 brief introduction of the historic periods of the USA by referring to the following chart.Historic PeriodsTimeMajor IncidentsEnglish Colonial America14931776the voyage of the Mayflower Ship the immigration of the PuritansForming of the USA17761849Boston Tea Party War of IndependenceCivil War1861 18

16、65Issue of Emancipation Proclamation liberation of black slavesRapid Growth of Economy18651940World War I;the Great DepressionWorld War II19391945The attack on Pearl HarborThe set-up of the United Nations(1). Pre-Colonial America1. Who first came to America and how did they come there?(People migrat

17、ed from Asia via Bering Land Bridge some 2000 years ago.They are called Native Americans.)(2) Who was the first European to set foot on the new world? Why did he name the local people Indians?(Christopher Columbus came to Puerto Rico in 1492 and named the local people Indians) 3. Who proved that the

18、 land was not India?(Amerigo Vespucci proved that the land was not India, therefore the land was named America after him.)The present-day United States was originally populated by people migrating from Asia via theBering land bridge (白令海峽大陸橋)starting some 20,000 years ago.These people became the ind

19、igenous people who inhabited the Americas before the arrival of European explorers and who are now called Native Americans.Christopher Columbus was the first European to set foot on what would one day become U.S. territory when he came to Puerto Rico in 1492. He thought he had reached India, so he n

20、amed the local people Indians, not knowing that he had discovered a New Continent.Amerigo Vespucci (亞美瑞格.韋斯普奇),another navigator (航海家)proved that the landwas not India, therefore the land was named America after him.(3) . English Colonial America (1067-1776)1. Where was the first colony founded?2. H

21、ow many colonies did the British establish along the east coast of North America?3. Why did puritans leave their own countries?4. How did they establish the Plymouth colony?The first English colony in the Americas was founded at Jamestown( 詹姆士鎮(zhèn)), Virginia in1607.Between 1607 and 1733 the British est

22、ablished 13 colonies along the east coast of North America.By 1750, nearly 2 million people were living in these colonies, many of whom were Puritans who left their own countries in search of religious freedomThe most typical example was the voyage of the Mayflower ship, which carried the Pilgrimsac

23、ross the Atlantic Ocean and arrived at Plymouth(普利茅斯)in 1620, built the Plymouthcolony.From 1630 to 1643, the great Puritan migration brought about 20,000 Englishmen to the Massachusetts Bay colony.北美洲原為印第安人聚居地。15 世紀末，西班牙、荷蘭、法國、英國等國開始向北美洲移民。 1606 年英國在北美建起第一個城市詹姆斯，后發(fā)展為弗吉尼亞殖民地。 17世紀和 18 世紀上半葉，英國殖民者先后在

24、東起大西洋沿岸，西至阿巴拉契亞山脈之13 個殖民地，殘暴屠殺當?shù)赜〉诎踩?，并從非洲掠來大批黑人充當奴隸。(4) . Forming of the USA (1776-1849) (The War of Independence)1. What is the prelude of the War of Independence and how did it happen?2. What is the process of the war?I In 1774, the First Continental Congress was held in Philadelphia and Colonial

25、militia units were organized.The shot at Lexington on April 19, 1775 started the War of IndependenceA Continental Army and Navy under the command of George Washington were founded.Thomas Jefferson drafted the Declaration of Independence.In 1783, the British army was defeated and the British governme

26、nt recognized the Independence of the United States of America.3.What is the main characteristic of the constitution of the USA?4. How did the USA realize its territorial expansion?The prelude-With the rapid economic development, people of the 13 colonies desired more power to determine their own bu

27、siness, while the British government wanted to bring the development under control and to collect more taxes from the colonies.-In order to help the British East India Company out of difficulty, the British government allowed the company to sell tea at a lower price in the colonies through its own p

28、eople.-This took away the tea business from American tea merchants. This unfair treatment led to the famous Boston Tea Party波士頓傾茶事件)in 1773 which was considered as the preludeof the War of Independence.The War of Independence-In September 1774, the First Continental Congress (第一屆大陸會議)was held inPhil

29、adelphia, which encouragedAmericans to refuse to buy British goods. Colonial militia units (民兵部隊)were organized.-The shot at Lexington on April 19, 1775 started the War of Independence.Three weeks later, at the Second Continental Congress the delegates agreed to support the war.A Continental Army an

30、d Navy under the command of George Washington were founded.Thomas Jefferson of Virginia drafted the Declaration of Independence which was adopted on July 4, 1776.In 1783, the British army was defeated and the British government recognized the Independence of the United States of America.United State

31、s ConstitutionThe new United States Constitution favored a representative, elective government to replace the existing monarchical structures.The system of republicanism placed a primacy upon individual liberty and upon constraining the power of government through division of powers and a system of

32、checks and balances. George Washington became the first President of the United States.1775年，波士頓人民武裝起義，打響了北美人民反抗英國殖民統(tǒng)治的獨立戰(zhàn)爭的第一槍1776 年第二次大陸會議在費城召開，會議決定組成大陸軍，由華盛頓任總司令，并通過獨立宣言，正式宣布建立美利堅合眾國。1783 年美國獨立戰(zhàn)爭結(jié)束，英國被迫承認美國獨立。1787年通過聯(lián)邦憲法，次年底舉行第一次選舉，華盛頓當選第一任總統(tǒng)。1789年聯(lián)邦政府成立。18121814年第二次美、英戰(zhàn)爭后，美國完全擺脫英國的統(tǒng)治。Territorial

33、 expansion-It forced England to give up Old Northwest, and Spain to open the Mississippi River. 美國人適使英國放棄了舊西北地區(qū).，使西班牙開放密西西比河，-It bought Louisiana from Napoleon, which almost doubled its territory.-After the War with Mexico, Mexico was forced to give up California and New Mexico-In 1830, the Indian R

34、emoval Act authorized the president to negotiate treaties that exchanged Indian tribal lands in the eastern states for lands west of the Mississippi River.-From 1789 to 1849, the territory of the United States was greatly enlarged.19 世紀初，隨著資本主義的迅速發(fā)展，美國統(tǒng)治階級開始對外擴張。1803 年美國利用拿破侖在海地戰(zhàn)敗之機，購買了法國在北美的殖民地路易斯安

35、那。1812 年美國向西擴展，侵占印第安人土地。1818 年和 1819 年，美國分別向英國和西班牙購買了北達科他州的部分土地和佛羅里達。1845年侵占了墨西哥的得克薩斯。翌年， 美國以邊界事件為借口，向墨西哥宣戰(zhàn)，墨西哥被迫1848 年將其北部230 萬平方千米的土地( 即今加利福尼亞、亞利桑那、內(nèi)華達、猶他、新墨西哥、科羅拉多等州)"出售 "給美國。 19 世紀中后期，美國又將其侵略擴張伸向海外。1867年美國用720 萬美元向沙俄購買了阿拉斯加和阿留申群島。 1898 年兼并夏威夷，又通過對西班牙的戰(zhàn)爭控制了古巴，并奪取了西屬波多黎各、關(guān)島和菲律賓。1903 年占領(lǐng)了

36、中途島，霸占了巴拿馬運河。1917年迫使丹麥“出讓”維爾京群島。 在 1776年后的 100余年內(nèi)， 美國領(lǐng)土幾乎擴張了10倍。(5) . The Civil War (1861 T865)1. What caused the Civil War?2. When Abraham Lincoln was elected President, what did the Southern states do?3. How did Lincoln lead the Union gaining the victory of the war?In the middle of the 19th centur

37、y, white Americans of the North and South were unable to reconcile fundamental differences in their approach to government, economics, society andAfrican American slavery.When Abraham Lincoln was elected President, the Southern states broke away and established a rebel government, the Confederate St

38、ates of America, on February 9, 1861. The Civil War broke out on April 12, 1861. President Abraham Lincoln won support for the Union at home and abroad by making the war a just war against slavery.He issued the famous Emancipation Proclamation.Thus England and France stood byhte Union s side, and ma

39、ny blacks joined the Union army. On November 19, 1863, Lincoln made another famous speech at Gettysburg.After a series of battles, the Confederate army surrendered on April 9, 1865, and five days later Lincoln was shot dead.In December, the Thirteenth Amendment, which banned slavery, was added to th

40、e Constitution.美國北部的資本主義獲得迅速發(fā)展，但南部仍保持著使用黑人奴隸勞動的農(nóng)業(yè)經(jīng)濟。19世紀 30 年代初興起美國廢奴運動。1860 年反對黑奴制度的共和黨人.林肯當選總統(tǒng)。次年南 部 奴隸 主發(fā)動 叛 亂 ，南北戰(zhàn)爭爆發(fā)。1862 年 9 月，林肯頒布解放黑奴宣言 。 1865 年戰(zhàn)爭以北方獲勝結(jié)束，為資本主義在全美國的發(fā)展掃清了道路。(6) . Rapid Growth of Economy (1865T918)1. What helped the USA grow rapidly?2. What did the Progressive Movement demand?

41、3. What was the reform of President Theodore Roosevelt?4. Why did the USA stand neutral during the First World War?5. Why did it declare the war on Germany?After the Civil War, the United States experienced a tremendous growth in industry, agriculture, science, and technology, and population.-firstl

42、y the political environment was stable;-secondly the free slaves together with the immigrants from Europe and Asia offered a strong labor force;-Thirdly science and invention played a very important role in America isndustrial development;-By 1900, the production of steel and coal both ranked the fi

43、rst in the world.With the development of the economy, there also arose a number of social problems.The Progressive Movement began, demanding government regulation of the economic, social and political conditions.President Theodore Roosevelt (1901-1909) strengthened federal regulation of the railroad

44、s and enforced the Sherman Antitrust Act against several large corporations.He also promoted conservation, with large reserves of forest land, coal, oil, mineral and water saved for future generations.During the First World War, the United Sates stood neutral in name while selling large quantities o

45、f arms and offering bank loans to Britain and France.The United States declared war on Germany on April 6, 1917.When the war ended on November 11, 1918, the US was one of the big Four (the US, Britain, France and Italy) to enjoy the interest division of the defeated countries.美國史學界一般把1900年1917年間美國所發(fā)

46、生的政治、經(jīng)濟和社會改革運動統(tǒng)稱進 步運動。在性質(zhì)上，進步運動是以中產(chǎn)階級為主體、有社會各階層參與的資產(chǎn)階級改革運動，目的在于消除美國從“自由”資本主義過渡到壟斷資本主義所引起的種種社會弊端，重建社會價值體系和經(jīng)濟秩序。在內(nèi)容上，進步運動同時在聯(lián)邦、州和市三級展開, 從政治上的爭取婦女選舉權(quán)、市政改革到經(jīng)濟領(lǐng)域的反托拉斯運動，從救濟窮人和改善 工人待遇的社會正義運動到自然資源保護，囊括社會生活的各個方面，影響深遠。(7) . Post-World War I and Great Depression (1918 4940)廠 1. How did the historians describe

47、 the 1920s in the US?2 2. Can you describe the Great Depression in the US?1 3. How did President Franklin Roosevelt help America out of the depression?Following World War I, the U.S. grew steadily in stature as an economic and military world power.It enjoyed a period of unbalanced prosperity: farm p

48、rices and wages fell while industrial profits grew.In 1932, President Franklin D. Roosevelt passeda number of acts to prevent the possible collapse of the American economic and political system.He did successfully get America out of the depression during his tenure of office.(8) . World War II (1939

49、 T945)廠 1. What was the attitude of the US during the World War II at the beginning?y 2. Why did the US take part in the War?3. What are the principles of the US diplomacy?aS with World War I, the United States had bound the country to neutrality.Its decision to declare war followed Japan's surp

50、rise attack on Pearl Harbor on 7 December 1941. Four days after the attack on Pearl Harbor, on December 11, Nazi Germany declared war on the United States.There were two guiding principles of the wartime American diplomacy: to win the war; to establish a postwar political structure in accord with Am

51、erican interests and to prevent the Soviet Union from over-expansion.(9) . American Society During Postwar Boom1. Can you describe the economic boom of the US after WWII?2. What are the cornerstones of the postwar economic boom?3. Which were related to the upsurge in births?After WWII, the United St

52、ates entered a period of economic boom.-The cornerstones were the automobile, housing, and defense industries.-Economy grew at an average rate of 3.5 percent per year-Nation ' s GNP rose from just over $200 billion in 1946 to close to $1 trillion in 1970.- -From 1946 to 1961, over 63.5 million b

53、abies were born.Of the three cornerstones of the postwar economic boom, two were related to the upsurge in births.- -The first was a construction boom to provide houses and schools for all these children.- -the second was automobile manufacturing for the growing new communities.- -The third was mili

54、tary spending. When the Defense Department was established in 1949, the nation spent about $13 billion a year on defense. By 1951, its budget was over $22 billion, and it has been going up ever since.Case StudyThe Special Relationship Between the UK and the USAMilitary cooperation- -The unparalleled

55、 level of military co-operation began with the creation of the Combined Chiefs of Staff in December 1941, a military command with authority over all American and British operations. This cooperation has increased steadily since the early 1950s when military contacts were re-established .Intelligence

56、 sharing- -The special relationship has maintained ties in collecting and sharing intelligence since World War II. This aspect of the relationship originally grew from the common goal of monitoring and countering the threat of communism.Economic policy- -The United States is the largest source of Fo

57、reign Direct Investment to the UK economy, likewise the United Kingdom is the largest single investor in the US economy. British trade and capital have been important components of the American economy since its colonial inception.Public opinion- -A June 2006 poll by Populus for The Times showed that the number of Britons agreeing that "it is important for Britain losng-term security that we have a close and special relationship with America" had fallen to 58% (from 71% in April), and that 65% believed that "Br